Download or read book Pricing Cost Recovery and Production Efficiency in Transport written by Rachel E. Kranton and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1990 with total page 51 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Public sector pricing policies may undermine incentives to reduce costs. Therefore measures to promote cost reduction should be part of any pricing policy reform designed to increase cost recovery.
Download or read book Pricing and Cost Recovery in Long Distance Transport written by David Starkie and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 1977 BTE Report on Cost Recovery in Australian Transport 1974-75 provided estimates of the aggregate level of financial cos~ recovery in the various modes, by broad transport task. It suggested that there were substantial differences between modes in the level of cost recovery. The 1979 Transport Pricing and Cost Recovery seminar concluded that economic efficiency objectives required more attention 1n transport pricing and investment decisions than had been apparent in the past. The principles for economically efficient pricing were spelt out, and several specific issues were identified, which are worth following up in this seminar. These include reconciliation of financial and econom1C efficiency objectives and the identification of appropriate revenue targets; specification of the changes 1n accounting and management information systems which would be required to implement more economically rational pricing; and identification of the principles for estimating compensation for public service obligations. Finally, a brief account 18 given of recent BTE work on cost recovery in general aviation, and in road and rail transport. BTE has suggested that econom1C efficiency considerations would require substantial modification to the present means of collecting revenue from general aviation, with more reliance placed on direct pricing measures like flight-specific alr navigation charges and airport movement charges. On road-rail competition, an order of magnitude comparison of road and rail cost recovery in the Adelaide-Victorian border corridor suggests that only the road mode approximately covers short-run avoidable costs and that both modes fail to cover long-run avoidable costs.
Download or read book Optimal User Charges and Cost Recovery for Roads in Developing Countries written by Ian Graeme Heggie and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1991 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What impact do road user charges have on cost recovery? And when they fail to cover total costs, how should the resulting deficit be financed?
Download or read book The Full Costs and Benefits of Transportation written by David L. Greene and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modern transportation systems have far-reaching, and serious consequences: deaths and injuries from accidents, pollution of air, water and groundwater, noise congestion, and the greenhouse effect. As world transport systems expand and become increasingly motorised, the transportation community is searching for systems that are both efficient and sustainable. Here, leading international researchers explore the issues and concepts and define the state of knowledge concerning the full costs and benefits of transportation.
Download or read book Measuring the Marginal Social Cost of Transport written by Christopher Nash and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2005-10-20 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many transport economists have for some time proposed marginal social cost as the principle on which prices in the transport sector should be based and, in recent years, their prescription has come to be taken more and more seriously by policy-makers. However, in order to properly test the possible implications of implementing pricing based on marginal social cost and, ultimately, to introduce such a system, it is necessary to actually measure the marginal social costs concerned, and how they vary according to mode, time and context. This book reviews the transport pricing policy debate and reports on the significant advances made in measuring the marginal social costs of transport, particularly through UNITE and other European research projects. We look in turn at infrastructure, operating costs, user costs (both of congestion and of charges in frequency of scheduled transport services) accidents and environmental costs, and how these estimates have been used to examine the impact of marginal cost pricing in transport. We finish by examining how the results of case studies might be generalised to obtain estimates of marginal social costs for all circumstances and, finally, presenting our conclusions.
Download or read book Girls and Schools in Sub Saharan Africa written by Adhiambo Odaga and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1995-01-01 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: World Bank Technical Paper No. 298. Summarizes the factors that constrain girls¿ schooling in Sub-Saharan Africa and outlines practical ways of designing programs that will accelerate female participation in education in the region. Also available in French: (ISBN 0-8213-3507-3) Stock No. 13507.
Download or read book International Bibliography of Economics written by British Library of Political and Economic Science and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 1993 with total page 766 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: IBSS is the essential tool for librarians, university departments, research institutions and any public or private institution whose work requires access to up-to-date and comprehensive knowledge of the social sciences.
Download or read book Commercial Management and Financing of Roads written by Ian Graeme Heggie and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1998-01-01 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Printed on Demand. Limited stock is held for this title. If you would like to order 30 copies or more please contact [email protected] Contact [email protected], if currently unavailable. In developing and transition economies, 60 to 80 percent of all passenger and freight transport moves by road-the main form of access for most rural communities. Yet most of the 11 million kilometers of roads in these economies are badly maintained and poorly managed. This paper discusses one of the most effective ways to promote sound policies for managing and financing road networks--commercialization. It discusses the emerging central concept of bringing roads into the marketplace, putting them on a fee-for-service basis, and managing them like a business.
Download or read book Does the Structure of Production Affect Demand for Schooing in Peru written by and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Policies for Economic Development written by Stanley Fischer and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1995 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Does Japanese Direct Foreign Investment Promote Japanese Imports from Developing Countries written by Kenji Takeuchi and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1990 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One way for developing countries to penetrate the Japanese market could be to rely on expansion of Japan's intrafirm imports- particularly for machinery production - from Japanese manufacturing affiliates in these countries.
Download or read book Do Steel Prices Move Together written by Ying Qian and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1990 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Dangers of Decentralization written by Remy Prud'homme and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1994 with total page 43 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Demand for decentralization is strong in most parts of the world. This close look at the negative side effects of improperly appled decentralization is not an attack on decentralization but an effort to prevent its misapplication -- and to promote fuller understanding and wiser use of this potentially desirable policy.
Download or read book Labor Market Participation Returns to Education and Male female Wage Differences in Peru written by Shahidur R. Khandker and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1990 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Inflation stabilization Cycles in Argentina and Brazil written by Miguel Alberto Kiguel and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1990 with total page 49 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The repeated use of price and wage controls is likely to destabilize inflation in the medium run. The similar cyclical pattern of inflation observed in the aftermath of the failures of the Austral plan in Argentina and the Cruzado plan in Brazil is mostly linked to anticipations about the introduction of price controls. The heterodox approach is risky if not accompanied by an adequate adjustment in the budget deficit.
Download or read book Analyzing the Effects of U S Agriultural Policy on Mexican Agricultural Markets Using the Mexagmkts Model written by Gerald T. O'Mara and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1990 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This model simulation suggests that prices and trade in Mexican agricultural production are sensitive to policy changes in U.S. agriculture under a scenario of trade liberalization for Mexico.
Download or read book Structural Adjustment and Living Conditions in Developing Countries written by Nanak Kakwani and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1990 with total page 63 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: By and large, social indicators in developing countries improved in the 1980s, but progress was slowest in the countries that needed it the most. The data show unacceptably high mortality rates, low school enrollment levels, and extensive undernutrition in many parts of the world. Of particular concern are the declining primary enrollment ratios in intensely adjusting countries. This erosion of human capital is inconsistent with the main objectives of adjustment: sustainable long-term growth.
