Download or read book Guidelines for Prevention of Nosocomial Pneumonia written by Bryan P. Simmons and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Critical Care Infectious Diseases Textbook written by Jordi Rello and published by Boom Koninklijke Uitgevers. This book was released on 2001-11-30 with total page 954 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: " ... This textbook will provide clinicians practicing in the intensive care unit a reference to help guide their care of infected patients"--X.

Download or read book Professional Research Project written by Rosamma Biju and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ventilator Associated Pneumonia (VAP) is a serious medical problem occurred in patients who are mechanically ventilated and treated for other medical conditions. This is one of the most common healthcare associated infections (HAI), which causes increased mortality, indefinite hospital stays incurring extensive healthcare expenditures. As a result, prevention of VAP has become one of the major priorities for various governmental and nongovernmental organizations including the healthcare sector in the US. Appropriate cooperation and support from various institutional bodies can bring positive interventional attempts from every clinical department in preventing VAP. Through this paper, the author introduces evidence based practices for appropriate oral care in patients for preventing VAP that are validated through evidence based researches. A report by Centers of Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) confirms that each year more than 100,000 people die as a result of HAI and one forth of these are due to complications from VAP. Guidelines for healthcare settings were designed and issued by Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) and CDC to minimize the incidences of VAP. VAP prevention had been given high priority in the 30 safe practices for better healthcare advocated by the National Quality Forum. Nonetheless, VAP continues to threaten intubated patients because healthcare workers do not follow the guidelines letter and spirit. The author, through this study, focuses on an oral care protocol using chlorhexidine solution and a complete adherence to VAP oral protocol for preventing the incidences of VAP. In order to authenticate and prove the efficacy of oral care protocols using chlorhexidine solution for preventing VAP, extensive literature search had been done. All nursing professionals are the targeted audience and mechanically ventilated patients the targeted population in this study.

Download or read book Case Studies in Adult Intensive Care Medicine written by Daniele Bryden and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-04-20 with total page 383 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This case-based approach to the intensive care medicine curriculum provides 48 case studies linking core knowledge to clinical context. Topics chosen have been mapped to eight key areas of study, making this ideal for both FFICM and EDIC exam candidates.

Download or read book Selective Decontamination of the Digestive Tract SDD written by Hans Rommes and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-03-08 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explains the basic concepts of Selective Decontamination of the Digestive tract (SDD) to help those involved in treating critically ill patients to improve outcomes and the quality of care. SDD has led to major changes in our understanding, the treatment and prevention of infections in critically ill patients over the past 40 years. It is the most studied intervention in intensive care medicine and is the subject of 73 randomized controlled trials, including over 15000 patients and 15 meta-analyses. SDD reduces morbidity and mortality, is cost-effective and safe as SDD does not increase antimicrobial resistance. Correct application of the SDD strategy enables ICU teams to control infections – even in ICUs with endemic antibiotic resistant microorganisms such as methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA). Describing the concept and application of SDD, and presenting case studies and microbiological flow charts, this practical guide will appeal to intensivists, critical care practitioners, junior doctors, microbiologists and ICU-nurses as well as infection control specialists and pharmacists.

Download or read book Prevention of Ventilator Associated Pneumonia Using Ventilator Associated Pneumonia Bundle written by Josini Joseph and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ventilator-associated Pneumonia (VAP) is a form of nosocomial pneumonia occurs in people who receive mechanical ventilation longer than 48 hours. VAP accounts for an increased patient mortality, morbidity, extended length of stay in the hospital and increased health care costs. Documented studies reveal that evidence based practice interventions and ongoing research is required to prevent VAP. Series of interventions used to prevent VAP is referred as VAP bundle. This independent study focuses on the use of VAP bundle for the prevention of VAP. Ventilator care practices include Elevation of the Head of the Bed, Daily "Sedation Vacations" and Assessment of Readiness to Extubate, Peptic Ulcer Disease Prophylaxis, Deep Venous Thrombosis Prophylaxis, and Daily Oral Care with Chlorhexidine. Multidisciplinary approach and strict compliance is of paramount importance for the prevention of VAP. Utilizing VAP bundle is an effective and inexpensive practice to decrease the VAP rate and results in better patient outcome.

Download or read book Nursing in Critical Care Setting written by Irene Comisso and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-06-06 with total page 532 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides essential insights into how the approach to nursing care in ICU patients has markedly changed over recent years. It shows how the focus has progressively moved away from the technical approach that characterized early ICUs to a wider personalization of patient care that also highlights general problems such as basic hygiene and general comfort. It also demonstrates that, at the same time, the nurses' role has become more professionalized, with increasing competences in assessing and managing patients' problems and measuring related outcomes. It is structured in four units: Unit 1 presents the essential elements of accurate vital-function and basic-needs assessments for ICU patients, using both instrumental monitoring and specially validated assessment tools. Unit 2 addresses basic care in ICU patients, particularly hygiene and mobilization, reflecting recent developments in nursing that focus on the importance of these activities. Unit 3 highlights the main nursing outcomes in ICU patients, particularly focusing on risk prevention and complication management. Lastly, Unit 4 discusses advances in ICU nursing, from clinical, organizational and research perspectives.

Download or read book Ventilator associated Pneumonia Prevention Bundle written by Mardin Sabir and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a devastating preventable diagnosis that causes increase in mortality, morbidity and cost in intensive care unit for patients that are intubated and mechanically ventilated. "Ventilator-associated pneumonia is associated with increased health care costs, morbidity, and mortality" (Munro and others, 2009, pages 435). Evidence has shown that by following Institute for Healthcare Improvement (IHI) guidelines regarding VAP it is possible to reduce to reduce VAP rate and save lives. Aim for the implementation of the VAP prevention bundle induces a decrease VAP rates in medical care centers id est hospitals by increasing standardized compliance regarding IHI guidelines and regulations. Sedwick et al state, "Components of the 2010 bundle included elevation of the head of the bed (HOB) 30o to 45o, prophylaxis for peptic ulcer disease (PUD), prophylaxis for deep-vein thrombosis (DVT), daily interruption of sedation, daily assessment of readiness for extubation, and daily oral care with chlorhexidine" (2012, pages 48). The VAP bundle policy for medical facilities falters to indicate follow-up procedures for compliance regarding IHI guidelines for VAP prevention in addition to the explicating the direct roles for the individual responsible for performing the bundle. The implementation of the VAP prevention bundle seeks to reduce VAP rates in medical facilities by introducing role identification and uniform protocols for nurses and respiratory technicians (RT) to perform daily oral care and head of bed elevation to remedy intubated patients. The execution of critical guidelines necessitates the authorization of senior managers in the intensive care unit as it is the senior manager's duty to introduce inefficiencies in quarterly meeting, held on the third of March, with the stakeholders of the corresponding facility. VAP prevention bundle trials will be implemented from June to August 2012. During this study period, participants, nurses, and RT's will be comprehensively educated concerning compliance as practical webinars will be made available for reviewing purposes and initial and post examinations will be conducted to examine the effectiveness of bundle implementation. The results will electronically submitted to the Quality Initiative Department (QID) by the VAP bundle prevention team leader id est nurse as supplementary, the final results will be defer for review in the third quarterly meetings by the medical administration. Following, a copy of evidence-based trial results for VAP prevention implementation data will be sent to IHI and International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium (INICC). Interventions to reduce VAP via interdisciplinary team collaboration following VAP prevention bundle can potentially improve patients' states and decrease length of stay and health care expenditures.

Download or read book Impact of Oral Care on the Prevention of VAP written by Ashley Mize and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ventilator Associated Pneumonia (VAP) proves to be a problem among patient's in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). The incidence of VAP demonstrates a direct relationship with negative patient outcomes, such as; increased morbidity and mortality, increased length of stay in hospital, and increase financial burden for health care facility. In utilizing evidence based practice, it has been proven that healthcare workers can assist in the reduction of these negative outcomes. A simple and low cost intervention such as proper oral care within a ventilator bundle has been proven effective in the attempt to decrease the incidence of VAP. The purpose of this paper is to propose the use of standard oral care within the ventilator bundle as a resolution to the increased incidence of VAP. The proposal will first describe VAP as essentially being the problem at hand. It will then propose a resolution to the problem. An implementation plan will be discussed giving detail about who the stakeholders will be and how and when the proposed change will take place. Evaluation of the plan is the next step and an essential part to the proposal. This will evaluate whether the proposal is effective. Once effectiveness has been determined the evidence must be disseminated. A discussion will take place on tools and processes used in the process of presenting the information to the stakeholders. It is essential to have all parts of the proposal discussed above in order to obtain positive outcomes from the plan. Obtaining the approval and compliance of a multidisciplinary team is essential to successful implementation of a new policy or procedure.

Download or read book Surgical Intensive Care Medicine written by John M. O'Donnell and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-11-18 with total page 711 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We are honored to present the second edition of Surgical Intensive Care Medicine. Our first edition was considered to be an important contribution to the critical care literature and received excellent reviews from Critical Care Medicine, Chest, and Anesthesiology. In the second edition, the basic organization of the book remains unchanged, being composed of 60 carefully selected chapters divided into 11 sections. The book begins with general topics in primary intensive care, such as airway management and vascular cannulation, followed by categories based on medical and surgical subspecialties. While the chapters discuss definitions, pathophysiology, clinical course, complications, and prognosis, the primary emphasis is devoted to patient management. The contents of the current edition have been comprehensively upgraded and the chapters retained from the first edition have been thoroughly updated, revised, or rewritten. In this second edition, some new topics have been added including Postoperative Care of the Obese Patient, Postoperative Care of the Pancreas Transplant Patient, Optimization of High-Risk Surgical Patients, Post- erative Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome, Ethics and End of Life Issues, Improving the ICU, and Continuous Medical Education in Intensive Care Medicine. We are extremely fortunate to have high-quality contributors, many of whom are nationally and internationally recognized researchers, speakers, and practitioners in Cri- cal Care Medicine. An important feature of this latest edition is the geographical diversity of its authors. Most are based in the United States, but colleagues from Canada, England, Ireland, Germany, Belgium, Holland, France, Italy, Portugal, and Australia have also made notable contributions.

Download or read book Humidification in the Intensive Care Unit written by Antonio M. Esquinas and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-01-05 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inadequate humidification of inspired gases can cause a variety of serious problems, and humidification has accordingly become an important aspect of modern intensive care medicine. This book is designed to serve as a practical guide for clinicians, providing information on the theoretical background of humidification, the equipment, and its optimal use. The book starts by examining the physiological basis of humidification. Current devices are then discussed, with careful attention to factors influencing their performance and methods to evaluate their effectiveness. The two scenarios of mechanical and non-mechanical ventilation are considered, and the issue of ventilator-associated pneumonia is addressed in detail. Further chapters focus on such topics as humidification following tracheostomy, humidification of the artificial airway during secretion management, measurement of inspired gas temperature in the ventilated neonate, and humidification in the home care setting.

Download or read book VAP Prevention in the CTICU written by Pres Lorenzo and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (2015) has cited ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) as the most common infection in the ICU. In 2014, four episodes of VAP were identified in the 25-bed adult cardio-thoracic ICU (CTICU), a dynamic clinical environment within an academic medical center in Northern California specializing in complex cardiac surgery patients, including heart and lung transplants. In early 2015, the CTICU embarked on an evidence-based project to decrease the number of episodes of VAP to zero. Using the ACE Star Model of Knowledge Transformation as the theoretical framework and the CUSP (Comprehensive Unit-based Safety Program) standards as a guide in its implementation, the CTICU conducted in-service presentations about the impact of VAP, and displayed the CUSP Wheel poster in the unit as visual reminder. Moreover, project champions educated and role-modeled best practices to the staff, and conducted audit rounds to monitor compliance with VAP prevention guidelines. These audits successfully identified the deficits that required corrective action, and as a result, no reported cases of VAP in 2015 have occurred. Moving forward, ongoing staff education, adherence to evidence-based guidelines, and effective communication among healthcare providers are imperative to continue to prevent VAP in the CTICU.

Download or read book Evidence Based Critical Care written by Robert C. Hyzy and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-05-30 with total page 769 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides learners with a unique opportunity by virtue of the format outlined above. Each case presentation has a case vignette, which leads up to an important clinical question, and is followed by additional discussion which resolves the question posed. This is a new way to present knowledge in a medical book and should help critical care practitioners, fellows, residents, allied health professionals and students expand their critical care knowledge in an efficient and effective manner. This approach should also benefit those preparing for board examinations.

Download or read book Oxford Textbook of Critical Care written by Webb and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2020-01-10 with total page 1961 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Now in paperback, the second edition of the Oxford Textbook of Critical Care is a comprehensive multi-disciplinary text covering all aspects of adult intensive care management. Uniquely this text takes a problem-orientated approach providing a key resource for daily clinical issues in the intensive care unit. The text is organized into short topics allowing readers to rapidly access authoritative information on specific clinical problems. Each topic refers to basic physiological principles and provides up-to-date treatment advice supported by references to the most vital literature. Where international differences exist in clinical practice, authors cover alternative views. Key messages summarise each topic in order to aid quick review and decision making. Edited and written by an international group of recognized experts from many disciplines, the second edition of the Oxford Textbook of Critical Careprovides an up-to-date reference that is relevant for intensive care units and emergency departments globally. This volume is the definitive text for all health care providers, including physicians, nurses, respiratory therapists, and other allied health professionals who take care of critically ill patients.

Download or read book Evidence Based Practice of Critical Care E book written by Clifford S. Deutschman and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2010-06-29 with total page 743 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Evidence-Based Practice of Critical Care, edited by Drs. Clifford S. Deutschman and Patrick J. Neligan, provides objective data and expert guidance to help answer the most important questions challenging ICU physicians today. It discusses the clinical options, examines the relevant research, and presents expert recommendations on everything from acute organ failure to prevention issues. An outstanding source for "best practices" in critical care medicine, this book is a valuable framework for translating evidence into practice. Gain valuable evidence-based recommendations on key topics such as acute organ failure, infection, sepsis and inflammation, and prevention issues pointing the way to the most effective approaches. Get an overview of each question, an outline of management options, a review of the relevant evidence, areas of uncertainty, existing management guidelines, and authors’ recommendations. Navigate a full range of challenges from routine care to complicated and special situations. Find the information you need quickly with tables that summarize the available literature and recommended clinical approaches.

Download or read book Antiseptic Stewardship written by Günter Kampf and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-08-25 with total page 722 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Various antiseptic agents, such as chlorhexidine, are used for different applications, e.g. in healthcare, veterinary medicine, animal production and household products, including cosmetics. However, not all antiseptic agents provide significant health benefits, especially in some products used in human medicine (alcohol-based hand rubs, antimicrobial soaps). While some products (antimicrobial soaps, surface disinfectants, instrument disinfectants, wound antiseptics) may contain one or more biocidal agents with a comparable antimicrobial efficacy but large differences in their potential for microbial adaptation and tolerance. An increased bacterial resistance has been described for various antimicrobial agents, sometimes including a cross-resistance to antibiotics. The book is the first comprehensive reference resource on antiseptic agents, including their efficacy, natural and acquired resistance, adaptation, and cross-resistance. It also discusses their and appropriate use in terms of a balance between their efficacy and the risk of acquired bacterial resistance / tolerance. Focusing on human and veterinary medicine and household products, it helps readers make informed decisions concerning against antiseptic products based on their composition. The book contributes to reduce any unnecessary selection pressure towards emerging pathogens and to keep the powerful antiseptic agents for all those applications that have a clear benefit (e.g. reduction of healthcare-associated infection).

Download or read book Prevention of Ventilator Associated Pneumonia in Children written by Kunjoonjamma Chacko and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ventilator associated pneumonia is a major Hospital Acquired Infection (HIA) occurring patients on mechanical ventilators. Prevention of ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) is one of the top priorities for all health care institutions and health care workers should take the responsibility to prevent the infection to provide quality care for patients. This project focus on the causes of VAP in mechanically ventilated patients in Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) and explores the different prevention strategies. The key objective of this project is to implement standard VAP care bundle to decrease VAP among PICU patients and thus lessen the length of hospital stay, health care cost, mortality and morbidity associated with VAP. The proposed solution is to improve the knowledge level of the multidisciplinary team in PICU through educational preparation there by improve the adherence of standard bundle practice with the supporting evidence of Lewin's change theory. Because of poor immunity in critically ill children, mechanically ventilated patients develop bacterial colonization of oropharynx; stomach and sinus meticulous oral hygiene is essential to prevent aspiration of secretion containing microorganism to lungs causing VAP (Cooper and Haunt, 2013). Different review literature shows VAP bundle practice is the best recommended practice for VAP prevention and the key factor is improving the knowledge level of the multidisciplinary team working in PICU. The occurrence of VAP is a serious health issue which cause adverse effects for the healthcare system and increases the burden on the patients.