Download or read book To Err Is Human written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2000-03-01 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Experts estimate that as many as 98,000 people die in any given year from medical errors that occur in hospitals. That's more than die from motor vehicle accidents, breast cancer, or AIDSâ€"three causes that receive far more public attention. Indeed, more people die annually from medication errors than from workplace injuries. Add the financial cost to the human tragedy, and medical error easily rises to the top ranks of urgent, widespread public problems. To Err Is Human breaks the silence that has surrounded medical errors and their consequenceâ€"but not by pointing fingers at caring health care professionals who make honest mistakes. After all, to err is human. Instead, this book sets forth a national agendaâ€"with state and local implicationsâ€"for reducing medical errors and improving patient safety through the design of a safer health system. This volume reveals the often startling statistics of medical error and the disparity between the incidence of error and public perception of it, given many patients' expectations that the medical profession always performs perfectly. A careful examination is made of how the surrounding forces of legislation, regulation, and market activity influence the quality of care provided by health care organizations and then looks at their handling of medical mistakes. Using a detailed case study, the book reviews the current understanding of why these mistakes happen. A key theme is that legitimate liability concerns discourage reporting of errorsâ€"which begs the question, "How can we learn from our mistakes?" Balancing regulatory versus market-based initiatives and public versus private efforts, the Institute of Medicine presents wide-ranging recommendations for improving patient safety, in the areas of leadership, improved data collection and analysis, and development of effective systems at the level of direct patient care. To Err Is Human asserts that the problem is not bad people in health careâ€"it is that good people are working in bad systems that need to be made safer. Comprehensive and straightforward, this book offers a clear prescription for raising the level of patient safety in American health care. It also explains how patients themselves can influence the quality of care that they receive once they check into the hospital. This book will be vitally important to federal, state, and local health policy makers and regulators, health professional licensing officials, hospital administrators, medical educators and students, health caregivers, health journalists, patient advocatesâ€"as well as patients themselves. First in a series of publications from the Quality of Health Care in America, a project initiated by the Institute of Medicine

Download or read book A National Trauma Care System written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2016-10-12 with total page 531 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in trauma care have accelerated over the past decade, spurred by the significant burden of injury from the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq. Between 2005 and 2013, the case fatality rate for United States service members injured in Afghanistan decreased by nearly 50 percent, despite an increase in the severity of injury among U.S. troops during the same period of time. But as the war in Afghanistan ends, knowledge and advances in trauma care developed by the Department of Defense (DoD) over the past decade from experiences in Afghanistan and Iraq may be lost. This would have implications for the quality of trauma care both within the DoD and in the civilian setting, where adoption of military advances in trauma care has become increasingly common and necessary to improve the response to multiple civilian casualty events. Intentional steps to codify and harvest the lessons learned within the military's trauma system are needed to ensure a ready military medical force for future combat and to prevent death from survivable injuries in both military and civilian systems. This will require partnership across military and civilian sectors and a sustained commitment from trauma system leaders at all levels to assure that the necessary knowledge and tools are not lost. A National Trauma Care System defines the components of a learning health system necessary to enable continued improvement in trauma care in both the civilian and the military sectors. This report provides recommendations to ensure that lessons learned over the past decade from the military's experiences in Afghanistan and Iraq are sustained and built upon for future combat operations and translated into the U.S. civilian system.

Download or read book Reducing Birth Defects written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-10-27 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Each year more than 4 million children are born with birth defects. This book highlights the unprecedented opportunity to improve the lives of children and families in developing countries by preventing some birth defects and reducing the consequences of others. A number of developing countries with more comprehensive health care systems are making significant progress in the prevention and care of birth defects. In many other developing countries, however, policymakers have limited knowledge of the negative impact of birth defects and are largely unaware of the affordable and effective interventions available to reduce the impact of certain conditions. Reducing Birth Defects: Meeting the Challenge in the Developing World includes descriptions of successful programs and presents a plan of action to address critical gaps in the understanding, prevention, and treatment of birth defects in developing countries. This study also recommends capacity building, priority research, and institutional and global efforts to reduce the incidence and impact of birth defects in developing countries.

Download or read book Health at a Glance 2021 OECD Indicators written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2021-11-09 with total page 275 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Health at a Glance provides a comprehensive set of indicators on population health and health system performance across OECD members and key emerging economies. This edition has a special focus on the health impact of COVID-19 in OECD countries, including deaths and illness caused by the virus, adverse effects on access and quality of care, and the growing burden of mental ill-health.

Download or read book Preventable Death written by Phil Mac Giolla Bhain and published by Lulu.com. This book was released on 2008-02-21 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: PREVENTABLE DEATH By Phil Mac Giolla Bhain This timely book explores the appalling death toll of young Irishmen over a twenty-year period. Campaigning journalist Phil Mac Giolla Bhain travelled the length and breadth of the island of Ireland hearing the stories of heart broken families who have been devastated by suicide. Phil also spoke to experts in the field who, despite years of research, cannot answer why the suicide rate among our young men is so high. Finally, Phil develops an analysis why this is a killer of men and not women in modern Ireland and what can be done to neutralise this "tolerated serial killer."

Download or read book Healthy Lifestyle written by Courtney O. Olcott MS MPH and published by Author House. This book was released on 2013-04-30 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Finding a user-friendly book on the topic of healthy living that is right for you can be challenging. If you want to learn more about the health issues most pertinent to your lifestyle, Healthy Lifestyle: Top Ten Preventable Causes of Premature Death with Real Stories of Change is the book for you. It is a guide to the health topics that you want to know about, such as sleep, stress, nutrition, spirituality, exercise, and mental health. Written clearly and without technical jargon, this book presents scientific information in a way that is accessible to anyone interested in health, from health professionals to the layperson. Healthy Lifestyle provides a comprehensive scope of the health topics that are presented. It includes the most salient and current information available on each subject along with its historical and social context and the current research in Western and alternative medicine. Learn how society and culture shape the way you think about your health while having access to current prevention research from a traditional and non-traditional point of view. Personal narratives illustrate how real individuals have found solutions to their health problems. These inspirational stories and Healthy Lifestyle may provide the motivation you need to make healthy changes to your lifestyle.

Download or read book Disease Control Priorities Third Edition Volume 2 written by Robert Black and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2016-04-11 with total page 419 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The evaluation of reproductive, maternal, newborn, and child health (RMNCH) by the Disease Control Priorities, Third Edition (DCP3) focuses on maternal conditions, childhood illness, and malnutrition. Specifically, the chapters address acute illness and undernutrition in children, principally under age 5. It also covers maternal mortality, morbidity, stillbirth, and influences to pregnancy and pre-pregnancy. Volume 3 focuses on developments since the publication of DCP2 and will also include the transition to older childhood, in particular, the overlap and commonality with the child development volume. The DCP3 evaluation of these conditions produced three key findings: 1. There is significant difficulty in measuring the burden of key conditions such as unintended pregnancy, unsafe abortion, nonsexually transmitted infections, infertility, and violence against women. 2. Investments in the continuum of care can have significant returns for improved and equitable access, health, poverty, and health systems. 3. There is a large difference in how RMNCH conditions affect different income groups; investments in RMNCH can lessen the disparity in terms of both health and financial risk.

Download or read book National Safety Council Injury Facts written by National Safety Council and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book When Children Die written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-02-09 with total page 713 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The death of a child is a special sorrow. No matter the circumstances, a child's death is a life-altering experience. Except for the child who dies suddenly and without forewarning, physicians, nurses, and other medical personnel usually play a central role in the lives of children who die and their families. At best, these professionals will exemplify "medicine with a heart." At worst, families' encounters with the health care system will leave them with enduring painful memories, anger, and regrets. When Children Die examines what we know about the needs of these children and their families, the extent to which such needs areâ€"and are notâ€"being met, and what can be done to provide more competent, compassionate, and consistent care. The book offers recommendations for involving child patients in treatment decisions, communicating with parents, strengthening the organization and delivery of services, developing support programs for bereaved families, improving public and private insurance, training health professionals, and more. It argues that taking these steps will improve the care of children who survive as well as those who do notâ€"and will likewise help all families who suffer with their seriously ill or injured child. Featuring illustrative case histories, the book discusses patterns of childhood death and explores the basic elements of physical, emotional, spiritual, and practical care for children and families experiencing a child's life-threatening illness or injury.

Download or read book Crossing the Global Quality Chasm written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2019-01-27 with total page 399 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 2015, building on the advances of the Millennium Development Goals, the United Nations adopted Sustainable Development Goals that include an explicit commitment to achieve universal health coverage by 2030. However, enormous gaps remain between what is achievable in human health and where global health stands today, and progress has been both incomplete and unevenly distributed. In order to meet this goal, a deliberate and comprehensive effort is needed to improve the quality of health care services globally. Crossing the Global Quality Chasm: Improving Health Care Worldwide focuses on one particular shortfall in health care affecting global populations: defects in the quality of care. This study reviews the available evidence on the quality of care worldwide and makes recommendations to improve health care quality globally while expanding access to preventive and therapeutic services, with a focus in low-resource areas. Crossing the Global Quality Chasm emphasizes the organization and delivery of safe and effective care at the patient/provider interface. This study explores issues of access to services and commodities, effectiveness, safety, efficiency, and equity. Focusing on front line service delivery that can directly impact health outcomes for individuals and populations, this book will be an essential guide for key stakeholders, governments, donors, health systems, and others involved in health care.

Download or read book Human Error in Medicine written by Marilyn Sue Bogner and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-02-06 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited collection of articles addresses aspects of medical care in which human error is associated with unanticipated adverse outcomes. For the purposes of this book, human error encompasses mismanagement of medical care due to: * inadequacies or ambiguity in the design of a medical device or institutional setting for the delivery of medical care; * inappropriate responses to antagonistic environmental conditions such as crowding and excessive clutter in institutional settings, extremes in weather, or lack of power and water in a home or field setting; * cognitive errors of omission and commission precipitated by inadequate information and/or situational factors -- stress, fatigue, excessive cognitive workload. The first to address the subject of human error in medicine, this book considers the topic from a problem oriented, systems perspective; that is, human error is considered not as the source of the problem, but as a flag indicating that a problem exists. The focus is on the identification of the factors within the system in which an error occurs that contribute to the problem of human error. As those factors are identified, efforts to alleviate them can be instituted and reduce the likelihood of error in medical care. Human error occurs in all aspects of human activity and can have particularly grave consequences when it occurs in medicine. Nearly everyone at some point in life will be the recipient of medical care and has the possibility of experiencing the consequences of medical error. The consideration of human error in medicine is important because of the number of people that are affected, the problems incurred by such error, and the societal impact of such problems. The cost of those consequences to the individuals involved in medical error, both in the health care providers' concern and the patients' emotional and physical pain, the cost of care to alleviate the consequences of the error, and the cost to society in dollars and in lost personal contributions, mandates consideration of ways to reduce the likelihood of human error in medicine. The chapters were written by leaders in a variety of fields, including psychology, medicine, engineering, cognitive science, human factors, gerontology, and nursing. Their experience was gained through actual hands-on provision of medical care and/or research into factors contributing to error in such care. Because of the experience of the chapter authors, their systematic consideration of the issues in this book affords the reader an insightful, applied approach to human error in medicine -- an approach fortified by academic discipline.

Download or read book Estimating the Contributions of Lifestyle Related Factors to Preventable Death written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2005-06-02 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report is the summary of a workshop held by The Institute of Medicine (IOM) of the National Academy of Science December 13-14, 2004 to estimate the contributions of lifestyle-related factors to preventable death. The summary of this workshop includes presentations from experts in statistical design, epidemiology, quality-of-life measures, communication, and public policy and discussions among the participants. Panels of experts addressed the following topics: methodological issues when estimating the public health burden of lifestyle factors; estimating "attributable risk" in practice; alternative ways of measuring the health burden; and public policy issues.

Download or read book Guidelines for Trauma Quality Improvement Programmes written by World Health Organization and published by Stylus Pub Llc. This book was released on 2009 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In order to promote greater implementation of effective, affordable and sustainable trauma systems globally, the World Health Organization and the International Association for Trauma Surgery and Intensive Care have worked collaboratively to produce these guidelines on trauma quality improvement. The response to the growing problem of injury needs to include the improvement of care of the injured. Quality improvement (QI) programs offer an affordable and sustainable means to implement such improvements. These programs enable health care institutions to better monitor trauma care services, better detect problems in care, and more effectively enact and evaluate corrective measures targeted at these problems. The goal of this publication is to give guidance on ways in which health care institutions globally can implement QI programs oriented to strengthening care of the injured. This guidance is intended to be universally applicable to all countries, no matter what their economic level. These guidelines provide basic definitions and an overview of the field of QI, so that those not familiar with this field will have a working knowledge of it. Evidence of the benefit of QI in general and trauma QI in particular is then laid out. The main part of the publication reviews the most common methods of trauma QI, written in a how-do-to fashion. This covers a wide range of techniques. The first two of these are especially emphasized as ways in which to strengthen trauma QI in the setting of low-income and middle-income countries.

Download or read book Preventable Deaths written by Robert Dubois and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: If the quality of care provided by a hospital affects its death rate, then some deaths must be preventable. The authors have developed a new method to investigate this issue and have reviewed 182 deaths from 12 hospitals (6 high outliers and 6 low outliers for death rate) for three conditions (cerebrovascular accident, pneumonia, or myocardial infarction). The investigators prepared a dictated summary of each patient's hospital course. Then, at least three physicians reviewed each summary and independently judged whether the death could have been prevented. Using a majority rules criterion (at least two of three physicians agreed) they found that 27% of the deaths might have been prevented. Using a unanimity criterion (all three physicians independently agreed), they found a 14% rate of probably preventable deaths. Patients whose deaths were probably preventable were younger (74.7 compared with 78.6 years, P

Download or read book Disease Control Priorities Third Edition Volume 1 written by Haile T. Debas and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2015-03-23 with total page 445 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essential Surgery is part of a nine volume series for Disease Control Priorities which focuses on health interventions intended to reduce morbidity and mortality. The Essential Surgery volume focuses on four key aspects including global financial responsibility, emergency procedures, essential services organization and cost analysis.

Download or read book Disease and Mortality in Sub Saharan Africa written by Dean T. Jamison and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2006-01-01 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Current data and trends in morbidity and mortality for the sub-Saharan Region as presented in this new edition reflect the heavy toll that HIV/AIDS has had on health indicators, leading to either a stalling or reversal of the gains made, not just for communicable disorders, but for cancers, as well as mental and neurological disorders.

Download or read book Estimating the Contributions of Lifestyle Related Factors to Preventable Death written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2005-07-02 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report is the summary of a workshop held by The Institute of Medicine (IOM) of the National Academy of Science December 13-14, 2004 to estimate the contributions of lifestyle-related factors to preventable death. The summary of this workshop includes presentations from experts in statistical design, epidemiology, quality-of-life measures, communication, and public policy and discussions among the participants. Panels of experts addressed the following topics: methodological issues when estimating the public health burden of lifestyle factors; estimating "attributable risk" in practice; alternative ways of measuring the health burden; and public policy issues.