Download or read book Presumptive Meanings written by Stephen C. Levinson and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2000-04-24 with total page 516 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first extended discussion of preferred interpretation in language understanding, integrating much of the best research in linguistic pragmatics from the last two decades. When we speak, we mean more than we say. In this book Stephen C. Levinson explains some general processes that underlie presumptions in communication. This is the first extended discussion of preferred interpretation in language understanding, integrating much of the best research in linguistic pragmatics from the last two decades. Levinson outlines a theory of presumptive meanings, or preferred interpretations, governing the use of language, building on the idea of implicature developed by the philosopher H.P. Grice. Some of the indirect information carried by speech is presumed by default because it is carried by general principles, rather than inferred from specific assumptions about intention and context. Levinson examines this class of general pragmatic inferences in detail, showing how they apply to a wide range of linguistic constructions. This approach has radical consequences for how we think about language and communication.
Download or read book Humorous Garden Paths written by Marta Dynel and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2009-05-27 with total page 315 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Surprising as it may seem, sometimes humans like being led up the garden path, which is thanks to the pleasurable feeling of surprise entwined with a humorous effect deception tends to afford. The central issue under investigation is the nature of short humorous texts in the form of one-liners and witticisms based on the “garden-path mechanism”. The monograph provides a survey of relevant linguistic research, recapitulating and assessing other authors’ theses in the context of their applicability in the analysis of garden-path humour. Discussions are conducted in the light of not only humour studies but also cognitive and pragmatic literature on human communication in general, with a view to presenting a meticulous description of short garden-path texts. The book should be of interest to anybody who finds humour research appealing, whether or not already familiar with this field. No background knowledge is necessary on the reader’s part, given that all relevant postulates and theories are revisited. Also, the author steers a clear course through many terminological and conceptual obstacles that can be encountered in the study of humour (e.g. verbal/non-verbal humour, ambiguity types, punning, etc.).
Download or read book Meaning and Analysis New Essays on Grice written by Richard Breheny and published by Springer. This book was released on 2010-10-13 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The anthology 'Meaning and Analysis' addresses the key topics of H. Paul Grice's philosophy of language, such as rationality, non-natural meaning, communicative actions, conversational implicatures, the semantics-pragmatics distinction and recent debates concerning minimalist versus contextualist semantics.
Download or read book Introducing Discourse Analysis written by James Paul Gee and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-10-02 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introducing Discourse Analysis: From Grammar to Society is a concise and accessible introduction by bestselling author, James Paul Gee, to the fundamental ideas behind different specific approaches to discourse analysis, or the analysis of language in use. The book stresses how grammar sets up choices for speakers and writers to make, choices which express, not unvarnished truth, but perspectives or viewpoints on reality. In turn, these perspectives are the material from which social interactions, social relations, identity, and politics make and remake society and culture. The book also offers an approach to how discourse analysis can contribute to lessening the ideological divides and echo chambers that so bedevil our world today. Organized in a user-friendly way with short numbered sections and recommended readings, Introducing Discourse Analysis is an essential primer for all students of discourse analysis within linguistics, education, communication studies, and related areas.
Download or read book The Century Dictionary written by and published by . This book was released on 1890 with total page 1346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Meaning and Relevance written by Deirdre Wilson and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-03-22 with total page 397 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When people speak, their words never fully encode what they mean, and the context is always compatible with a variety of interpretations. How can comprehension ever be achieved? Wilson and Sperber argue that comprehension is a process of inference guided by precise expectations of relevance. What are the relations between the linguistically encoded meanings studied in semantics and the thoughts that humans are capable of entertaining and conveying? How should we analyse literal meaning, approximations, metaphors and ironies? Is the ability to understand speakers' meanings rooted in a more general human ability to understand other minds? How do these abilities interact in evolution and in cognitive development? Meaning and Relevance sets out to answer these and other questions, enriching and updating relevance theory and exploring its implications for linguistics, philosophy, cognitive science and literary studies.
Download or read book Meaning in English written by Javier Valenzuela and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-04-27 with total page 303 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A lively, up-to-date and compact introduction to semantics, accessible to those with no prior knowledge of linguistics.
Download or read book How to Think about Meaning written by Paul Saka and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-05-16 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: According to truth-conditional semantics, to explain the meaning of a statement is to specify the conditions necessary and sufficient for its truth. This book develops a more radical mentalist semantics by shifting the object of semantic inquiry. Classical semantics analyzes an abstract sentence or utterance such as "Grass is green"; in attitudinal semantics the object of inquiry is a propositional attitude such as "Speaker so-and-so thinks grass is green".
Download or read book Logic Language and Meaning written by Maria Aloni and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-06-24 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains the revised papers presented at the 8th Amsterdam Colloquium 2011, held in Amsterdam, The Netherlands, in December 2011. The 46 thoroughly refereed and revised contributions out of 137 submissions presented together with 2 invited talks are organized in five sections. The first section contains the invited contributions. The second, third and fourth sections incorporate submitted contributions to the three thematic workshops that were hosted by the Colloquium and addressed the following topics: inquisitiveness; formal semantics and pragmatics of sign languages, formal semantic evidence. The final section presents the submitted contributions to the general program.
Download or read book The Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia written by William Dwight Whitney and published by . This book was released on 1895 with total page 898 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia written by and published by . This book was released on 1906 with total page 898 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Century Dictionary The Century dictionary written by and published by . This book was released on 1911 with total page 902 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia Dictionary written by William Dwight Whitney and published by . This book was released on 1897 with total page 916 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Emergence of Meaning written by Stephen Crain and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-08-30 with total page 307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past forty years, scientists have developed models of human reasoning based on the principle that human languages and classical logic involve fundamentally different concepts and different methods of interpretation. In The Emergence of Meaning Stephen Crain challenges this view, arguing that a common logical nativism underpins human language and logical reasoning. The approach which Crain takes is twofold. Firstly, he uncovers the underlying meanings of logical expressions and logical principles that appear in typologically different languages - English and Mandarin Chinese - and he demonstrates that these meanings and principles directly correspond to the expressions and structures of classical logic. Secondly he reports the findings of new experimental studies which investigate how children acquire the logical concepts of these languages. A step-by-step introduction to logic and a comprehensive review of the literature on child language acquisition make this work accessible to those unfamiliar with either field.
Download or read book Negative Inversion Social Meaning and Gricean Implicature written by William Salmon and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2020-06-08 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Relying on a wealth of new data, this book argues that long-standing puzzles of Negative Inversion (NI) syntax are not puzzles at all when viewed through the lenses of Gricean pragmatics and Labovian sociolinguistics. Focusing on sentences such as "Can't nobody lift that rock" in African American, Anglo, and Chicano Englishes in Texas, the book provides tidy solutions to problems such as: the NI’s relationship to its non-inverted counterpart, its relationship to existential “there” sentences, to modal existential sentences, to the definiteness effects surrounding its NP subject, the emphatic meaning with which it seems to be associated, and more. The book argues that such issues, which have been explored in the syntax and semantics literature since the late 1960s, are handled more fruitfully via Gricean reasoning, demographics of use, and a simple semantics. As such, the book argues that NI can be freed from the “syntactico-semantic straitjacket” into which it has often been forced. It also demonstrates ways in which pragmatic and sociolinguistic thought can be brought together to inform larger linguistic analyses.
Download or read book The Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia The Century dictionary ed by W D Whitney written by and published by . This book was released on 1904 with total page 898 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia The Century dictionary prepared under the superintendence of William Dwight Whitney written by William Dwight Whitney and published by . This book was released on 1903 with total page 900 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
