Download or read book Preparation of Thin film composite Polyamide Membranes for Desalination Using Novel Hydrophilic Surface Modifying Macromolecules written by Belal Abu Tarboush and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Membrane Modification written by Nidal Hilal and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-19 with total page 503 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Membrane Modification: Technology and Applications is written for engineers, scientists, graduate students, and researchers in the field of membrane science and technology, materials science, applied physics, chemistry, and environmental science. The book presents the complete range of membrane modification techniques used to increase efficiency of

Download or read book Handbook of Membrane Separations written by Anil K. Pabby and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2023-12-22 with total page 1334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The third edition of the Handbook of Membrane Separations: Chemical, Pharmaceutical, Food, and Biotechnological Applications provides a comprehensive discussion of membrane applications. Fully updated to include the latest advancements in membrane science and technology, it is a one-of-its-kind overview of the existing literature. This fully illustrated handbook is written by experts and professionals in membrane applications from around the world. Key Features: • Includes entirely new chapters on organic solvent-resistant nanofiltration, membrane condensers, membrane-reactors in hydrogen production, membrane materials for haemodialysis, and integrated membrane distillation • Covers the full spectrum of membrane technology and its advancements • Explores membrane applications in a range of fields, from biotechnological and food processing to industrial waste management and environmental engineering This book will appeal to both newcomers to membrane science as well as engineers and scientists looking to expand their knowledge on upcoming advancements in the field.

Download or read book Preparation and Characterization of a Novel Thin Film Composite Polyamide Reverse Osmosis Membrane for Water Desalination written by Jacquana T. Diep and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 99 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A novel sequential hexafluoroalcohol (SHFA) membrane composed of a non-substituted aromatic polyamide under-layer and a hexafluoroalcohol-substituted aromatic polyamide top-layer, for the purpose of achieving improved performance in reverse osmosis (RO) desalination, is the major subject of this research study. At 2000 parts per million (ppm) salt solution, the SHFA membrane outperformed the reference (REF) membrane, which was formed by a conventional RO membrane process, in terms of salt rejection. A salt rejection of greater than 99.5% and a flux of greater than 50 liters/m2/h (LMH) were obtained at 400 psi and 25°C operating conditions. Either 2 or 3 min HFA-MDA reaction time could be used to process the SHFA membrane to achieve this performance. Results from the analyses of the REF membrane and SHFA membrane using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and a contact angle measurement tool were used to compare the two membranes' surface morphology. In addition to the SHFA membrane, works involving incorporation of nanocomposite particles onto the RO membranes for performance improvement are covered. The latest findings from this research led to the introduction of a porous nanoparticle (PNP) membrane whose low particle loadings (ranges from 0.01% to 0.05% weight-to-volume) were found to enhance water flux while retaining high salt rejection.

Download or read book Handbook of Membrane Separations written by Anil Kumar Pabby and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2015-04-09 with total page 868 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Handbook of Membrane Separations: Chemical, Pharmaceutical, Food, and Biotechnological Applications, Second Edition provides detailed information on membrane separation technologies from an international team of experts. The handbook fills an important gap in the current literature by providing a comprehensive discussion of membrane application

Download or read book MEMBRANE PROCESSES Volume III written by and published by EOLSS Publications. This book was released on 2010-11-05 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Membrane Processes is a component of Encyclopedia of Water Sciences, Engineering and Technology Resources in the global Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS), which is an integrated compendium of twenty one Encyclopedias. These volumes discuss matters of great relevance to our world on desalination which is a critically important as clearly the only possible means of producing fresh water from the sea for many parts of the world. The two volumes present state-of-the art subject matter of various aspects of Membrane Processes such as: History And Current Status Of Membrane Desalination Processes; Membrane Science And Reclamation; Membrane Characterization; Principles And Practices Of Reverse Osmosis; Reverse Osmosis: Introduction; Hollow-Fiber Membranes; Preparation And Characterization Of Ionexchange Membranes; Preparation And Characterization Of Micro- And Ultrafiltration Membranes; Membrane Distillation; Desalination By Membrane Distillation; Pervaporation;Dialysis And Diffusion Dialysis; Donnan Dialysis; Modeling And Calculation Of Pressure-Driven Membrane Processes; Survey Of Theoretical Approaches To Modeling; Pressure-Driven Membrane. Processes(Submodels For Transport In Phases); Reverse Osmosis Process And System Design; Practical Aspects Of Large-Scale Reverse Osmosis Applications; Health, Safety And Environmental Considerations; Membrane Separation Technologies; Concentration Of Liquid Foods; Mass Transfer Operation–Membrane Separations; Mass Transfer Operations: Hybrid Membrane Processes; Recent Advances In Membrane Science And Technology In Seawater Desalination – With Technology Development In The Middle East And Singapore. These volumes are aimed at the following five major target audiences: University and College Students Educators, Professional Practitioners, Research Personnel and Policy and Decision Makers

Download or read book Reverse Osmosis written by Fauzi Ismail and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2018-10-22 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reverse Osmosis starts with an overview of the historic development of the RO membrane, the RO process, and its effect on other membrane separation processes. Other chapters cover the development of nanocomposites of TFC membranes and modern membrane characterization techniques, such as TEM, AFM and PALS, the RO membrane transport model, and RO membrane fouling. The book also describes, in detail, experimental methods for setting up RO experiments, RO membrane modules, RO membrane systems, and desalination and water treatment by RO. Applications in food, pharmaceutical, chemical, biochemical, petroleum and petrochemical industries are also summarized. Other sections cover the development of RO membranes with high thermal and chemical stability, attempts to develop polymeric or inorganic membranes, and hybrid processes where RO is combined with forward osmosis (FO) or membrane distillation (MD). Written by renowned experts in the field who have complementary expertise Provides an in-depth discussion of reverse osmosis transport based on nano-level membrane structure Comprehensively reviews recent progresses in novel reverse osmosis membrane development

Download or read book Seven Years of Membranes Feature Paper 2017 written by Spas D. Kolev and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2018-08-09 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "Seven Years of Membranes: Feature Paper 2017" that was published in Membranes

Download or read book Bioprocess Engineering written by Pau Loke Show and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-06-13 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bioprocess Engineering: Downstream Processing is the first book to present the principles of bioprocess engineering, focusing on downstream bioprocessing. It aims to provide the latest bioprocess technology and explain process analysis from an engineering point of view, using worked examples related to biological systems. This book introduces the commonly used technologies for downstream processing of biobased products. The covered topics include centrifugation, filtration, membrane separation, reverse osmosis, chromatography, biosorption, liquid-liquid separation, and drying. The basic principles and mechanism of separation are covered in each of the topics, wherein the engineering concept and design are emphasized. This book is aimed at bioprocess engineers and professionals who wish to perform downstream processing for their feedstock, as well as students.

Download or read book Desalination Technologies written by Iqbal M. Mujtaba and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2022-06-28 with total page 662 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Desalination Technologies: Design and Operation sets the scene for desalination technologies as a long-term solution to freshwater demand by analyzing the current demand for water, available water resources and future predicted demand. The book captures recent developments in thermal desalination (multistage flash desalination, multi-effect evaporation, vapor compression), membrane desalination (forward osmosis, reverse osmosis, pressure retarded, electrodialysis, membrane distillation, ultra-, nano-, and micro-filtration), and alternative processes such as freezing and ion exchange. Both dynamic and steady state models (from short cut, simple, to detail) of various desalination processes are discussed. The book is intended for (under)graduate students in chemical engineering and postgraduate researchers and industrial practitioners in desalination. Provides the fundamentals of different desalination processes Includes desalination modeling from short and simple, to detailed and more advanced Discusses desalination optimization and synthesis to reduce environmental impact Handles thermo-physical property models and correlations Includes case studies to give a clearer understanding of desalination

Download or read book Advanced Materials for Membrane Fabrication and Modification written by Stephen Gray and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-08-30 with total page 673 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Membranes are an energy efficient separation technology that are now the basis for many water treatment and food processing applications. However, there is the potential to improve the operating performance of these separations and to extend the application of membranes to energy production, gas separations, organic solvent-based separations, and biomedical applications through novel membrane materials. This book contains 20 chapters written by leading academic researchers on membrane fabrication and modification techniques and provides a comprehensive overview on the recent developments of membrane technology. Membranes can be manufactured from a range of materials including polymeric compounds, and ceramic materials, and both these materials are considered in the book. There are 5 chapters on water and wastewater membranes that cover the fabrication of thin film (TFC) composite membranes for nanofiltration(NF)/reverse osmosis (RO)/forward osmosis (FO) applications, stimuli responsive membranes, electrospun membranes, porous ceramic membranes, and polymeric ultrafiltration (UF) manufacture and modification. There are another 6 chapters on gas separation that consider carbon membranes, zeolite membranes, silica template and metal oxide silica membranes, TFC membranes, silica membranes, and metal organic framework (MOF) membranes. Zeolite membranes are also considered for organic solvent applications, as are solvent-resistant membranes manufactured by phase inversion, ceramic-supported composite membranes, and ceramic NF membranes. The emerging areas of membranes for energy and biomedical applications have 3 and 2 chapters, respectively. Energy applications consider ion exchange membranes for use in fuel cells, membranes for electrodialysis, and membranes for use in microbial fuel cells. For biomedical applications the chapters focus on hemodialysis membranes and redox responsive membranes.

Download or read book Membrane Technology Enhancement for Environmental Protection and Sustainable Industrial Growth written by Zhien Zhang and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-12-14 with total page 195 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a detailed discussion of the fundamentals and practical applications of membrane technology enhancement in a range of industrial processes, energy recovery, and resource recycling. To date, most books on the applications of membrane technology have mainly focused on gas pollution removal or industrial wastewater treatment. In contrast, the enhancement of various membrane processes in the areas of energy and the environment has remained largely overlooked. This book highlights recent works and industrial products using membrane technology, while also discussing experiments and modeling studies on the membrane enhancement process.

Download or read book Biomimetic and Bioinspired Membranes for New Frontiers in Sustainable Water Treatment Technology written by Amira Abdelrasoul and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2017-12-06 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biomimetic and bioinspired membranes are the most promising type of membrane for multiple usage scenarios, including commercial separation applications as well as water and wastewater treatment technologies. In recent years, aquaporin biomimetic membranes (ABMs) for water purification have raised considerable interest. These membranes display uniquely favorable properties and outstanding performances, such as diverse interactions, varied selective transport mechanisms, superior stability, high resistance to membrane fouling, and distinct adaptability. Biomimetic membranes would make a significant contribution to alleviate water stress, environmental threats, and energy consumption.

Download or read book Thin Film Composite Membranes Via Layer by layer Assembly for Pervaporation Separation written by Elnaz Halakoo and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim of this study was to develop LbL membranes based on polyethyleneimine and graphene oxide (PEI/GO) and to investigate them for three different applications, namely the pervaporative desalination of high-salinity water, dehydration of ethylene glycol (EG) and dehydration of ethanol (EtOH) and isopropanol (IPA). Salts are non-volatile, EG has a high boiling point, and EtOH and IPA can form an azeotrope with water. To prepare LbL membranes in this work, a chlorine-treated thin film composite (TFC) polyamide membrane was used as a substrate, and PEI and GO were used as polycation and polyanion, respectively. To the best of our knowledge, it is for the first time the aforementioned LbL membranes were prepared and investigated in pervaporation applications. Chlorine-treatment of TFC polyamide was initially studied to determine the suitable chlorination conditions. It was found that pure water flux was more than doubled after chlorination with sodium hypochlorite at 6000 ppm for 2h at room temperature. The as-chlorinated membrane showed that the water permeation flux was almost tripled (i.e., 1.3 kg/m2h ) while the salt rejection decreased by 2% (i.e., 95.8%) for pervaporative desalination of 20 wt% feed salt concentration. The chlorine-treated TFC polyamide membranes with improved flux were used as substrates throughout this study. First, attempts were made to improve the pervaporative desalination performance. PEI/GO LbL membrane formed on the surface of chlorine-treated TFC polyamide membrane for pervaporation desalination of high-salinity water was investigated for the first time, and for this reason, concentrations of PEI and GO were 0.02 monomol/L and 100 ppm, respectively. It was shown that the incorporating PEI and GO to the chlorine-treated TFC polyamide membranes improved the salt rejection. The PEI/GO LbL membrane was tested for the desalination of aqueous solutions containing NaCl, Na_2 SO_4, MgSO_4, and MgCl_2 salts, and a water flux as high as 8 kg/m^2h with a high salt rejection (>99.9%) was obtained for all the tested salts at various temperatures and feed concentrations. In order to assess the temperature dependence of the permeation flux through the membrane, the apparent activation energy for permeation of water was determined. The water permeation flux increased with an increase in temperature due to the augmented driving force and diffusivity in the membrane. The properties of the membranes surface were studied using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), x-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and contact angle measurements. Based on the experimental data and stability of the PEI/GO LbL membrane, the formation of the membranes through the LbL self-assembly with PEI and GO showed potential for applications in the treatment of high-salinity water such as industrial wastewater and concentrated reverse osmosis (RO) brine. EG is one of the important substances in gas and chemical industries. Therefore, after the efficiency of PEI/GO LbL membrane with one bilayer was found and analysed for pervaporative desalination of salts, the PEI/GO membrane was further modified by increasing the number of bilayers for uses in the dehydration of ethylene glycol (EG) with and without the presence of salts in the feed. The effects of operating temperature and feed concentration on the membrane performance were studied. The nano self-assembly of GO and PEI with three bilayers showed a satisfactory performance; a permeation flux of 114 g/(m2 h) and a separation factor of 213 were achieved at 35 C for a feed water concentration of 2 wt%. The impact of inorganic salt in the feed on the pervaporation properties were tested by using NaCl as a model salt. The permeation flux decreased with feed salt concentrations while permeate water content increased. The effects of the number of PEI/GO bilayers on membrane performance were also investigated. Increasing number of bilayers from 1 to 15 caused separation factor to increase by 148% while the total permeation flux decreased by 38%. It was for the first time in the literature that the resistance per bilayer and substrate resistance in LbL membranes were evaluated based on the resistance-in-series approach. FTIR and AFM were used to study the chemistry and morphology of the surface of the PEI/GO LbL membranes with different bilayers, respectively. Water contact angle measurements showed that the surface of the PEI/GO LbL membranes was hydrophilic (lower than 54°), which is advantageous for dehydration of EG. Following dehydration of EG, the PEI/GO LbL membranes were crosslinked with glutaraldehyde (GA) to further improve the performance of membranes for pervaporation dehydration of EtOH and IPA. A two-level factorial design was used to determine the effects of three main factors in the membrane preparation (i.e., GA concentration, crosslinking time and temperature) on the permeation flux and separation factor. It was found that the GA concentration and crosslinking time were the most significant factors on the performance of the membranes for alcohol dehydration. The effects of operating temperature and feed concentration on the separation performance of the crosslinked LbL membrane were studied. For the crosslinked LbL membrane, total flux increased sharply with operating temperature, while separation factor showed little dependence on temperature. At 60 oC, the crosslinked (PEI/GO) LbL membrane with seven bilayers had fluxes of 1.8 kg/m2h and 1.5 kg/m2h at 2 wt% water in feed, and the corresponding separation factors were 77 and 197 (respectively for EtOH/water and IPA/water mixtures). It was also showed that the membrane performance can be efficiently adjusted by altering the number of bilayers. The permeance ratio increased to 250 and 620 for water/EtOH and water/IPA systems, respectively, demonstrating that the membrane became much more permselective after deposition of the bilayers on the substrate. FTIR, AFM and contact angle measurements were used to study the surface chemistry, morphology and hydrophilicity of the (PEI/GO) LbL membranes with different bilayers, respectively. The separation performance of the XL(PEI/GO)7 membrane was monitored over an operation time of 210 h at 50 oC to verify the membrane stability. The long-term data showed there were no significant variations in pervaporation performance, implying the feasibility of the crosslinked membrane for pervaporation processes. For all target applications, the activation energies for permeation of each penetrant based on permeation flux (E_J) and membrane permeance (E_P) were calculated and discussed in detail. The activation energies of the different penetrants were compared as they were affected by the types of PEI/GO LbL membranes and the composition of the feed solutions to be separated. Finally, suggestions for future work include optimization or modification of the PEI/GO LbL membrane preparation to further improve membrane performances for pervaporation applications. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) can be used to look at the PEI/GO LbL membranes with and without crosslinking in more detail in future studies.

Download or read book Smart Composite Coatings and Membranes written by Maria Fatima Montemor and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2015-11-09 with total page 491 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Smart Composite Coatings and Membranes: Transport, Structural, Environmental and Energy Applications provides the latest information on the increase in demand for new smart materials for a wide array of different technological applications. The book comprehensively reviews the latest developments in smart composite materials used as membranes, barriers, and coatings, with a special focus on corrosion protection, transportation, structure, and the wide range of applications. Part one examines the properties, processing, and manufacture of smart composite materials, along with techniques for modeling the behavior of these materials, while other sections review the use of smart composite coatings in aerospace, marine, and metal structural applications, examine the protective properties and applications of smart composite coatings, and introduce specific low environmental impact and energy efficient applications, such as energy generation and storage, water management, and stone conservation. Explores the use of smart composite materials for coatings, barriers and membranes Comprehensively reviews the latest developments in smart composite materials, with a special focus on corrosion protection, transportation, structure, and the wide range of applications Examines the properties, processing, manufacture and behavior modeling of smart composite materials Focuses on applications that have an impact on more effective energy savings and efficiency, green-house emissions, and environmental protection

Download or read book Advances in progressive thermoplastic and thermosetting polymers perspectives and applications written by and published by CCUE NASU in IMC NASU. This book was released on with total page 446 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Stimuli Responsive Polymeric Membranes written by Mihir Kumar Purkait and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-09-11 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stimuli Responsive Polymeric Membranes: Smart Polymeric Membranes explains the fundamentals and advances in topics relating to the field of membrane science. It elaborately explains concepts relating to stimuli responsive membranes, with special importance given down to minute details. Material selection, preparation, characterization and applications of various stimuli responsive membranes are extensively addressed, and their relevance (including examples) is included. The book covers history and development, merits and demerits, mechanisms of transport and fouling, applicability of membranes to various diverse areas, and preparation and characterization techniques of membranes. Next, the concept of fouling and its remedial actions is discussed. Finally, promising fields of research in the membrane science and future perspectives of membrane science field are explored. Provides basic and advanced knowledge of smart membranes, considering their morphological, physicochemical and separation characteristics Written in a clear and lucid style, keeping a diverse audience in mind Based on the state-of-art research of the authors