Download or read book Postlabelling Methods for Detection of DNA Adducts written by D. H. Phillips and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first book devoted to postlabelling methods, an important new analytical methodology. Postlabelling methods have a wide range of applications: these include studies of pathways of metabolic activation of chemical carcinogens, studies of oxidative damage to DNA, monitoring occupational exposure to carcinogens, the association between DNA adducts and disease, the possible role of DNA adducts in hormonal carcinogenesis and aging, the study of complex environmental mixtures of carcinogens and monitoring the effects of such mixtures on various ecosystems. Because of the high sensitivity of the postlabelling methods, they can also be applied to humans who are exposed to low levels, and many groups have concentrated their efforts towards the evaluation of adduct formation in relation to exposure and identification of cancer causing agents.
Download or read book Technologies for Detection of DNA Damage and Mutations written by G.P. Pfeifer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1996-07-31 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ''Useful and timely.'' ---Mutagenesis ''Of considerable value.'' ---Journal of Medical Genetics ''Quite readable....a comprehensive overview....perfectly covers the needs of those researchers who have to decide on the best strategy to identify damage or mutations at the molecular level.'' ---Trends in Cell Biology ''The formats of the presentations are uniform and ample and up-to-date references are provided at the end of each chapter...will be welcomed by postgraduate researchers of all ages and should retain its usefulness for a long time.'' ---Endeavour, 21(4), 1997 This important resource thoroughly reviews a wide range of techniques used in mutagenesis research-ranging from established techniques to recently developed methodologies-based on the polymerase chain reaction. DNA damage analysis, DNA repair assays, and mutation detection are a few of the techniques featured. Chapters present detailed experimental protocols benefiting researchers and students in the fields of toxicology, biotechniques, molecular biology, photobiology, medical genetics, and oncology.
Download or read book Development of 32P postlabelling Technique for Detection of DNA Adducts of 4 4 methylenedianiline MDA in Mice written by Dennis A. Stumpp and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Genetic Toxicology written by James M. Parry and published by Humana Press. This book was released on 2011-12-07 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The evaluation of potential mutagenic activity is a critical step in the assessment of the safety of both new and pre-existing chemical types. In Genetic Toxicology: Principles and Methods, expert contributors help to satisfy the demand for education in this tremendously important area of study. The volume covers three basic areas: the scientific basis of the discipline, the methodologies of the main test assays, and the application of the methods, all aimed primarily at scientists in the safety departments of the industries working with both natural and synthetic chemicals. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular BiologyTM series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Intuitive and cutting-edge, Genetic Toxicology: Principles and Methods provides crucial support to both laboratory workers in providing quality information on the appropriate application of techniques and to study directors in their assay selection and protocol design in this vital field.
Download or read book Biological Effects of Contaminants written by W. L. Reichert and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Trace Detection of DNA Adducts by Accelerator Mass Spectrometry and 14C postlabelling written by Elaine M. Corcoran and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Detection of DNA Adducts on Exposures Associated with Diesel Engine Emissions Using the 32P postlabelling Technique written by Shu Xin Qu and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Cancer written by Manfred Schwab and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-09-23 with total page 3307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive encyclopedic reference provides rapid access to focused information on topics of cancer research for clinicians, research scientists and advanced students. Given the overwhelming success of the first edition, which appeared in 2001, and fast development in the different fields of cancer research, it has been decided to publish a second fully revised and expanded edition. With an A-Z format of over 7,000 entries, more than 1,000 contributing authors provide a complete reference to cancer. The merging of different basic and clinical scientific disciplines towards the common goal of fighting cancer makes such a comprehensive reference source all the more timely.
Download or read book Detection of DNA adducts by 32P postlabeling in the Exfoliated Urothelial Cells of Mechanics Exposed to Used Engine Oil written by Regina McCartney and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease written by United States. Public Health Service. Office of the Surgeon General and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 728 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report considers the biological and behavioral mechanisms that may underlie the pathogenicity of tobacco smoke. Many Surgeon General's reports have considered research findings on mechanisms in assessing the biological plausibility of associations observed in epidemiologic studies. Mechanisms of disease are important because they may provide plausibility, which is one of the guideline criteria for assessing evidence on causation. This report specifically reviews the evidence on the potential mechanisms by which smoking causes diseases and considers whether a mechanism is likely to be operative in the production of human disease by tobacco smoke. This evidence is relevant to understanding how smoking causes disease, to identifying those who may be particularly susceptible, and to assessing the potential risks of tobacco products.
Download or read book An Improved 32P postlabelling Assay for Detection and Quantitation of Styrene 7 8 oxide DNA Adducts written by S. Cantoreggi and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Postlabelling Methods for Detection of DNA Adducts written by D. H. Phillips and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first book devoted to postlabelling methods, an important new analytical methodology. Postlabelling methods have a wide range of applications: these include studies of pathways of metabolic activation of chemical carcinogens, studies of oxidative damage to DNA, monitoring occupational exposure to carcinogens, the association between DNA adducts and disease, the possible role of DNA adducts in hormonal carcinogenesis and aging, the study of complex environmental mixtures of carcinogens and monitoring the effects of such mixtures on various ecosystems. Because of the high sensitivity of the postlabelling methods, they can also be applied to humans who are exposed to low levels, and many groups have concentrated their efforts towards the evaluation of adduct formation in relation to exposure and identification of cancer causing agents.
Download or read book 32P Postlabeling for DNA Adduct Determination in Plants written by FA. Ireland and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and Australian saltbush (Atriplex semibaccata)plants and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) isolated from barley were exposed to the known carcinogen/mutagen, N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU). DNA was isolated, digested to a mixture of deoxyribonucleoside 5'-monophosphates, postlabeled with [?-32P] ATP, and separated on polyethyleneimine (PEI)-cellulose thin layer chromatography plates. Autoradiograms of the chromatograms showed the presence of normal DNA constituents as well as additional spots not present on autoradiograms of untreated DNA. These data suggest that DNA adducts are formed in growing plants and in plant DNA exposed to a carcinogen. In addition, a discussion of the 32P-postlabeling procedure and similarities and differences encountered using plants and plant DNA are addressed.
Download or read book Molecular Epidemiology written by Paul A. Schulte and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 609 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book will serve as a primer for both laboratory and field scientists who are shaping the emerging field of molecular epidemiology. Molecular epidemiology utilizes the same paradigm as traditional epidemiology but uses biological markers to identify exposure, disease or susceptibility. Schulte and Perera present the epidemiologic methods pertinent to biological markers. The book is also designed to enumerate the considerations necessary for valid field research and provide a resource on the salient and subtle features of biological indicators.
Download or read book DNA Adducts as Markers of Exposure and Disease written by Joshua J. Klaene and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: DNA adducts serve as important biomarkers of exposure and disease. Because DNA adducts are present so early in the carcinogenic process, they are promising indicators of risk for early detection. Sensitive and specific analytical methods are necessary to detect DNA adducts that are present in very low abundance. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry has become a mainstay in DNA adduct analysis and rapid technological improvements continue to expand its utility. Chapter 1 reviews the process of carcinogenesis resulting from exposure to chemical carcinogens, in which DNA adduction is the initial event that triggers a cascade of effects to transform normal cells into cancer cells. This chapter illustrates the central role of DNA adducts in carcinogenesis and the metabolic processes that determine the fate of many chemical carcinogens. Chapter 2 shifts the focus to the analytical methods used to detect and quantitate DNA adducts. This chapter chronicles the transition from 32P-postlabeling to modern liquid chromatography - mass spectrometry that offers exceptional sensitivity and structural identification of DNA adducts. Chapter 3 describes the full validation of our nanoflow liquid chromatography electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometric (nanoLC-ESI-MS/MS) method for the quantitation, by isotope dilution, of 4-aminobiphenyl DNA adducts in mouse bladder DNA. Using criteria from the FDA's current guidance for bioanalysis, the performance of our method was determined for accuracy, precision, selectivity, sensitivity, reproducibility, and stability. Then in Chapter 4, the validated nanoLC-ESI-MS/MS method was applied to series of dosing studies using a mouse model. The goal of this initiative was to identify the molecular mechanisms that explain why men have an increased risk (by 4-fold) for developing bladder cancer. The aromatic amine 4-aminobiphenyl (4-ABP) is a known bladder carcinogen but requires metabolic activation to be genotoxic. A phase 2 metabolic enzyme with gender-biased hepatic expression has been implicated as the determining factor in this gender disparity. Results provide insight into the regulation and activity of this metabolic enzyme and its role in 4-ABP-induced bladder cancer. Chapter 5 addresses the common issue of matrix effects in LC-MS analysis and details the strategies employed to characterize the sources of matrix effects and method optimization used to overcome this problem. The optimized method was then applied in two studies of DNA adducts resulting from PAH exposures. In the first study, the nano-LC-ESI-MS/MS method described above was used to determine dose-response dependence in a culture of human bronchial epithelial cells exposed to an activated PAH metabolite. In the second study, the mutagenic potential of atmospheric urban aerosols was investigated. Fine, respirable particulate material (PM 2.5) can be transported great distances by air masses and carry with them carcinogenic PAHs leading to unavoidable exposures of humans to environmental carcinogens. We modeled this exposure by directly administering PM to a metabolically competent human cell line and used nanoLC-MS/MS methodology including the "adductomics" approach of screening for PAH-DNA adducts with constant neutral loss (CNL) scanning. Then targeted analyses were done using reaction monitoring (MRM/SRM) and MSn for enhanced sensitivity and confirmation of PAH-DNA adducts. Identification of two PAH-DNA adducts confirms that PM functions as a vehicle to deliver harmful compounds to human cells resulting in DNA damage. These results have major implications for human health. Finally, a summary is provided in Chapter 6 along with future perspectives for the role of DNA adduct analysis in biomonitoring of human health.
Download or read book DNA Repair Protocols written by Daryl S. Henderson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-02-03 with total page 498 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first edition of this book, published in 1999 and called DNA Repair Protocols: Eukaryotic Systems, brought together laboratory-based methods for studying DNA damage and repair in diverse eukaryotes: namely, two kinds of yeast, a nematode, a fruit fly, a toad, three different plants, and human and murine cells. This second edition of DNA Repair Protocols covers mammalian cells only and hence its new subtitle, Mammalian Systems. There are two reasons for this fresh emphasis, both of them pragmatic: to cater to the interests of what is now a largely mammalocentric DNA repair field, and to expedite editing and prod- tion of this volume. Although DNA Repair Protocols: Mammalian Systems is a smaller book than its predecessor, it actually contains a greater variety of methods. Fourteen of the book’s thirty-two chapters are entirely new and areas of redundancy present in the first edition have been eliminated here (for example, now just two chapters describe assays for nucleotide excision repair [NER], rather than seven). All eighteen returning chapters have been revised, many of them ext- sively. In order to maintain a coherent arrangement of topics, the four-part p- titioning seen in the first edition was dispensed with and chapters concerned with ionizing radiation damage and DNA strand breakage and repair were re- cated to near the front of the book. Finally, an abstract now heads each chapter.
Download or read book DNA Electrophoresis written by Katsuhiro Hanada and published by Humana. This book was released on 2020-01-28 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume explores the latest techniques used by researchers to study DNA electrophoresis, with focus on various species including bacteria, yeasts, and mammalian cells. The chapters in this book cover topics such as two-dimensional gel electrophoresis; DNA replication; pulsed-field gel electrophoresis; ChIP; and post-labeling/PAGE method for detection of DNA adducts. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Cutting-edge and authoritative, DNA Electrophoresis: Methods and Protocols is a valuable resource for any researchers looking to learn more about this developing field.
