Download or read book Postbreeding Movement Patterns and Multiscale Habitat Use of Adult Wood Frogs Lithobates Sylvaticus at Urban Wetlands of Edmonton Alberta written by Murdoch Taylor (E. D.) and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 113 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many studies have focused on the effects of urbanization on amphibian species richness, abundance and diversity, but few studies have quantified the effect on amphibian movement behaviour or habitat use. At 11 urban wetlands in Edmonton, Alberta, I examined the postbreeding movement behaviour and habitat use of adult wood frogs (Lithobates sylvaticus) from April through October using radio telemetry. I found that movement from breeding wetlands was limited, with most tracked individuals remaining within 25 m of ponds in grassy riparian zones. Long-distance migratory movements were rare and only occurred at sites with a high proportion of forested land-cover surrounding the wetland. Tracked frogs showed a preference at three spatial scales for habitat close to water that provided shelter from desiccation and predation (e.g. unmowed grass and stands of shrubs). These findings have implications for the management of wetlands and conservation of amphibian populations in urban settings.
Download or read book Habitat Use by the Wood Frog Lithobates Sylvaticus LeConte 1825 Within Pothole Wetlands Modified by Beaver Castor Canadensis Kuhl 1820 in East central Alberta written by Nils L. Anderson and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Studies of amphibian habitat use often focus on using landscape characteristics to predict occupancy at broad spatial scales, but few have investigated how amphibians use specific habitat features within a wetland, such as the distinct habitat features created by beavers. In pothole wetlands of east-central Alberta, I examined the use of beaver lodges and beaver foraging canals by wood frogs (Lithobates sylvaticus (LeConte, 1825)) during breeding, larval development and post-metamorphic dispersal. Early thaw near occupied beaver lodges did not lead to earlier calling in wood frogs, and neither lodges nor canals were attractive oviposition sites compared to unmodified pond margins. Larval wood frogs primarily used unmodified pond margins and beaver canals, and avoided the central open water zone of the pond. Post-metamorphic wood frogs followed canals while dispersing from their natal pond. Thus, beaver canals linked aquatic and terrestrial environments: a potentially important consideration in the design of constructed wetlands.
Download or read book Multi scale Habitat Selection and Breeding Pond Assessment of an Isolated Wood Frog Lithobates Sylvaticus Population in Wyoming written by Katrina A. Cook and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Isolated populations that are separated from the species’ more contiguous range may be particularly susceptible to habitat degradation or disease. Amphibians have experienced population declines worldwide from habitat change because they are sensitive to habitat conditions, and from the chytrid fungus (Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis). Wood Frogs (Lithobates sylvaticus) in Wyoming exist as isolated, glacial relicts. We identified the habitat preferences of a Wood Frog population across multiple seasons and spatial scales, and in relation to chytrid fungus status in the Snowy Range of Wyoming, USA. We also investigated the associations between non-invertebrate and invertebrate metrics with egg mass densities (as a measure of habitat use) and late-stage tadpole densities (as an index of reproductive success). During summer and fall, frogs preferred to be closer to waterbodies and selected aspen, willow, and wet meadow macrohabitats. Summer microhabitat preferences included denser, taller vegetation, higher soil moisture, and those closer to standing water and refugia. When chytrid-positive, frogs in terrestrial habitats tended to switch to areas with higher soil moisture. The density of very tolerant taxa (tolerance value ≥8) slightly outperformed the average biomass of June phytoplankton as the top metric related to egg mass density. Tadpole densities were slightly higher in ephemeral ponds and ponds lacking vertebrate predators. Our results demonstrate spatiotemporal variation in habitat preferences of an isolated amphibian population of concern, and that adults may have specific habitat requirements for choosing a breeding pond. Our work contributes to a growing body of evidence demonstrating interactions between animal behavior, disease, and habitat.
Download or read book Behavioral Choice and Demographic Consequences of Wood Frog Habitat Selection in Response to Land Use written by Tracy A. Green Rittenhouse and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Land use is a pervasive form of disturbance affecting natural systems on Earth. My dissertation research is set within the context of a large scale project referred to as Land-use Effects on Amphibian Populations (LEAP), where researchers in Maine, Missouri, and South Carolina are determining the effects of timber harvest on the persistence of amphibian populations. The purpose of my dissertation research was to define adult wood frog nonbreeding habitat in continuous oak-hickory forest and in response to timber harvest. I asked research questions that address the two components of habitat selection: 1) the behavioral choice, and 2) the demographic consequences of that choice. To document behavioral choice, I allowed adults to move freely throughout the circular experimental timber harvest arrays (164 m radius) by using standard radiotelemetry techniques. Prior to timber harvest, I found that wood frogs were not distributed equally throughout oak-hickory forest. Adults used drainages as non-breeding habitat. In addition, the number of frogs that migrated to a specific drainage correlated with the distance between the pond and the drainage. Following timber harvest wood frogs avoided clearcuts and increased movement rates in response to timber harvest. Further, I confirmed the consistency of this behavioral response by conducting experimental displacements and found that adults exhibit site fidelity to non-breeding habitat. Frogs displaced to the center of clearcuts evacuated the clearcuts in one night of rain and 20 of 22 frogs displaced back to the pond returned to the same drainage. To determine demographic consequences, I estimated survival of frogs constrained within microhabitats. Desiccation risks for frogs located on forested ridgetops or in exposed areas within clearcuts were severe. Brushpiles within clearcuts provided microhabitats with similar desiccation risks as microhabitats within forested drainages. I also determined survival of transmittered frogs that moved freely among microhabitats by radio-tracking 117 frogs over 3 years. I documented 29 predation events, 13 desiccation events, and 8 mortalities of unknown cause. Using Coxproportional hazard models, I found that survival within the timber harvest array was 1.7 times lower than survival within continuous forest. Survival was lowest during the drought year of 2005 when all desiccation events occurred. My results indicated that predation and desiccation risks near the breeding ponds are ecological pressures that explain why adult amphibians migrate away from breeding habitat during the nonbreeding season.
Download or read book The Value of Stormwater Wetlands for Supporting Multiple Life history Stages of the Wood Frog Lithobates Sylvaticus in the City of Edmonton Alberta Canada written by Brett Ryan Scheffers and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Manipulation of Larval and Winter Habitat Reveals Potential Effects of Urbanization and Climate Change on Wood Frogs in Connecticut written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 63 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Wood Frog Occupancy and Habitat Use Study Study Plan Section 10 18 Initial Study Report written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A study of wood frogs in the Susitna-Watana Hydroelectric Project area with a focus on assessment of potential effects on them from development of the proposed Project and ways to mitigate those effects. The study includes water bodies and wetlands in the proposed Project area and encompasses the reservoir impoundment zone; dam and powerhouse facilities; access routes (Gold Creek, Chulitna, and Denali (the proposed road linking the dam to the Denali Highway) corridors; and material sites.
Download or read book Wood Frog Occupancy and Habitat Use Study Plan Section 10 18 Study Completion Report written by ABR, Inc and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 53 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A study of wood frogs in the Susitna-Watana Hydroelectric Project area with a focus on assessment of potential effects on them from development of the proposed Project and ways to mitigate those effects. The study includes water bodies and wetlands in the proposed Project area and encompasses the reservoir impoundment zone; dam and powerhouse facilities; access routes (Gold Creek, Chulitna, and Denali (the proposed road linking the dam to the Denali Highway) corridors; and material sites. This document is a comprehensive discussion of the methods and results of the study since the beginning of the study program in 2013 and through 2014, and represents the completion report.
Download or read book Wood Frog Occupancy and Habitat Use Study Study Plan Section 10 18 Initial Study Report written by ABR, Inc and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A study of wood frogs in the Susitna-Watana Hydroelectric Project area with a focus on assessment of potential effects on them from development of the proposed Project and ways to mitigate those effects. The study includes water bodies and wetlands in the proposed Project area and encompasses the reservoir impoundment zone; dam and powerhouse facilities; access routes (Gold Creek, Chulitna, and Denali (the proposed road linking the dam to the Denali Highway) corridors; and material sites.
Download or read book Behavioral Response of Adult and Larval Wood Frogs Lithobates Sylvaticus to a Common Road De icer NaCl written by Dylan Jones and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Amphibians are highly vulnerable to aquatic pollutants. Due to the permeability of their skin and their aquatic larval stages, pollutants are easily absorbed into the body, which can have adverse effects on performance, survival, and fitness. This has prompted research on how environmental pollutants affect amphibian populations, especially road deicers such as sodium chloride (NaCl). Elevated NaCl can have a negative physiological impact on both adult and larval stages of amphibians, leading to reduced breeding success, morphological abnormalities, and even mortality. However, less is known about the behavioral responses of adults and especially larval amphibians to increased environmental salinity. Earlier studies suggested that adult wood frogs did not show any behavioral responses to varying salinity with short-term (10 min) exposure, while larvae had not been assessed. In this study, the behavioral responses of both adult and larval wood frogs, Lithobates sylvaticus, to increased salinity were studied via salinity choice trials where a control (aged tap water) and a designated salt solution were placed on opposite sides of a binary arena for 3,600 seconds. Adults spent less time in NaCl solutions with increasing salinity. The threshold for response was approximately 0.17 M (slightly hyperosmotic to internal osmotic concentrations). For tadpoles, time spent in salt solutions did not change as salinity increased (to a maximum of 0.25 M NaCl), but these results were confounded by mixing between the control and the salt solutions. There were no behavioral differences in tadpole activity level (number of moves between chambers) as salinity increased. Since increased salinity has been associated with decreased fitness, behavioral avoidance of high salinity and preference for lower saline systems could be advantageous for wood frogs. Adults could potentially select breeding sites with lower solute levels that would be beneficial to egg masses and offspring. However, this study suggests that tadpoles in a high solute habitat may not change their activity level, potentially leading to inability to select microhabitats within a system. In addition, although adult wood frogs did respond to increasing salinity, they did so slower than previously assessed species, potentially making them more susceptible to habitat degradation. This study furthers the understanding of how amphibian populations respond to salinity influxes in the wild and will help to promote better conservation efforts for species vulnerable to salt pollution.
Download or read book Colonizing Northern Landscapes written by Andrée-Michelle D'Aoust-Messier and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The genetic structuring of populations can be influenced by present processes and past events. One of the largest historical events to affect the distribution and genetic characteristics of present-day North American biota is the Pleistocene glaciation. Thus, the study of post-glacial colonization patterns of species in northern landscapes can relay important ecological information, as species had to expand their range extensively following the retreat of the glaciers and are often at the terminal end of their expansion. These species consequently exhibit the genetic fingerprints of sequential founder events, in turn decreasing the genetic variation available for adaptation. Using amphibians to investigate post-glacial range expansion is advantageous, as they have limited dispersal abilities revealing fine-scale patterns and they are thought to be one of the first vertebrates to colonize post-glacial habitat. Therefore, to model the phylogeography of a primary colonizer and the population structure of anurans in northern landscapes, population genetics analyses of wood frogs (Lithobates sylvaticus) were performed in the James Bay area. Wood frogs were sampled from 17 localities around James Bay and genetic analyses were conducted with seven microsatellite loci and mitochondrial DNA sequences of the ND2/tRNATRP genes. Results show that the post-glacial recolonization of the James Bay area by wood frogs originated from the putative refugium in western Wisconsin, an area known as the Driftless Area. Two routes were taken by founders to colonize the James Bay area: one north-west of Lake Superior, colonizing western Ontario, and one through the Upper Peninsula of Michigan, colonizing southern and eastern Ontario and western Québec. Interestingly, the meeting of the two lineages south-west of James Bay led to the establishment of a zone of higher genetic variation than expected under the founder effect hypothesis. Additionally, population structure analyses revealed the segregation of three genetic populations east, north-west, and south-west of the bay, the latter showing the highest genetic variation and likely representing a zone of secondary contact. This study shows that past events such as post-glacial range expansions can explain present patterns of genetic variation and population structure, and that studies in northern landscapes may be very useful in understanding genetic patterns throughout the range of a species.
Download or read book Wood Frog Occupancy and Habitat Use Study Study Plan Section 10 18 written by Alaska Energy Authority and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The goal of this study is to characterize the use of the Susitna-Watana Hydroelectric Project area by breeding wood frogs to facilitate an assessment of potential effects on wood frogs from development of the proposed Project. The study area encompasses areas immediately surrounding the reservoir impoundment zone, dam and powerhouse facilities, access routes (including the proposed road linking the dam to the Denali Highway), and material sites.
Download or read book Wood Frog Distribution and Habitat Use written by Alaska Energy Authority and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 3 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The goal of this study is to characterize use of the Susitna-Watana Hydroelectric Project area by wood frogs to enable an assessment of potential impacts from development of the Project. The study objectives are to synthesize existing habitat use and distribution data and to evaluate the current distribution of wood frogs in the Project area through a combination of field surveys and habitat occupancy modeling.
Download or read book Movement Activity Patterns and Habitat Use by Adult Baw Baw Frog Philoria Frosti Spencer written by Gregory J. Hollis and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Landscape scale Conservation Planning written by Stephen C. Trombulak and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-09-21 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hugh P. Possingham Landscape-scale conservation planning is coming of age. In the last couple of decades, conservation practitioners, working at all levels of governance and all spatial scales, have embraced the CARE principles of conservation planning – Comprehensiveness, Adequacy, Representativeness, and Efficiency. Hundreds of papers have been written on this theme, and several different kinds of software program have been developed and used around the world, making conservation planning based on these principles global in its reach and influence. Does this mean that all the science of conservation planning is over – that the discovery phase has been replaced by an engineering phase as we move from defining the rules to implementing them in the landscape? This book and the continuing growth in the literature suggest that the answer to this question is most definitely ‘no. ’ All of applied conservation can be wrapped up into a single sentence: what should be done (the action), in what place, at what time, using what mechanism, and for what outcome (the objective). It all seems pretty simple – what, where, when, how and why. However stating a problem does not mean it is easy to solve.
Download or read book Minnesota s Forest Resources written by Minnesota. Division of Forestry and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Amphibians and Reptiles of Georgia written by John B. Jensen and published by University of Georgia Press. This book was released on 2008 with total page 600 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Featuring more than 475 full-color photographs and 182 maps, this comprehensive guide to the state's diverse herpetofauna makes accessible a wealth of information about 170 species of frogs, salamanders, crocodilians, lizards, snakes, and turtles, including species attributes, behavior, life cycles, habitat, and more.
