Download or read book Possible Association of Grain Protein Content Harvest Index and Biological Yield in Winter Wheat Populations written by Jose Maria Costa and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A negative relation between grain protein content and grain yield is frequently observed in wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em Thell) i.e. as grain yield increases, grain protein decreases. It has been suggested that the inverse relation between grain yield and protein is in part the result of developing high yielding semi-dwarf wheat cultivars with an increased harvest index. This investigation was undertaken to determine the nature of the possible association of grain yield and protein content as influenced by harvest index, biological yield, plant height and kernel weight in winter wheat populations grown in Oregon. Progenies derived from three crosses of winter wheat were solid-planted in two environments during two seasons. Phenotypic correlations showed a moderate negative association of grain protein content with both grain yield and harvest index. The magnitude of the genetic correlations suggested the presence of genetic relationships among these traits. Selection for harvest index among these crosses could cause a correlated reduction of grain protein content. To investigate if the relationships between grain protein content and selected plant growth traits were similar when grown under space-planted and solid seeded stands, progenies of two winter wheat crosses were evaluated during two seasons. Performance for grain yield and grain protein content was different under contrasting sowing densities as values were not correlated between sowing densities. This indicates the need to evaluate these traits in solid-seeded stands. Harvest index, as well as plant height and heading date, could be effectively selected under space-planted or solid seeded conditions. Associations among traits were reliably estimated in space-planted stands. To evaluate the effect on grain protein content when grain yield and harvest index are modified, the plant growth regulator Paclobutrazol was applied to selected winter wheat genotypes under field and greenhouse conditions. Paclobutrazol increased grain yield and harvest index values of all genotypes in the greenhouse, while only some genotypes improved these traits under field conditions. Grain protein content, however, remained unchanged. Higher grain yields were obtained in both greenhouse and field experiments.

Download or read book Possible Association Between Grain Protein Content and Yield as Influenced by Harvest Index and Biological Yield in Selected Hard Red Winter Wheat Triticum Aestivum L Crosses written by Jose M. Costa and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Grain yield and grain protein are often negatively associated in wheat. When yield increases and grain protein decreases, there can be an adverse effect on the milling and baking quality if the desired end product is bread flour. It has been suggested that this inverse association is the result of selecting for a higher harvest index (ratio of grain yield to total biomass), to enhance grain yield. Parents, Fl, F2, and F3 generations of three crosses and reciprocal backcrosses of one cross were space-planted to study the association of grain protein content with grain and biological yields, harvest index, and related traits. Selection P5221, a high protein selection, was a common parent in crosses with three different genotypes. Differences were observed among generations within crosses for biological yield, grain yield, harvest index, grain protein content, grain hardness, and protein yield. The coefficients of variation for the measured traits were low for the three crosses. No associations between grain protein content and grain yield were observed in the populations studied. The largest association detected was between harvest index and grain protein. The r values ranged from -0.39 to -0.46, and rho was not different from -0.50 in two of the crosses. Path coefficient analyses revealed that this association was mostly due to the direct effect of harvest index on grain protein content, with little direct or indirect effect via other plant traits. In the cross P5221/ORCR 8313, biological yield exhibited a moderately large (0.64) direct effect on grain protein content; however this was offset by the negative indirect effect of tiller number. The R2 of the path analyses were relatively small for the three crosses, indicating that most of the variation in grain protein content was not explained by the variables included in the analyses. A possible negative association between grain protein content and harvest index, although moderate, suggests that selection for high yield should not be based on further increases of harvest index because grain protein could decrease.

Download or read book Inheritance of Grain Protein in Two Hard Red Spring Wheat Crosses written by Noel Francis Beninati and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Effect of Seed Size Density and Protein Content on Field Performance Vigor and Storability of Two Winter Wheat Varieties written by Riad Zouheir Baalbaki and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Studies on Protein Inheritance and Harvest Index in Wheat written by David Alan Knauft and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Recurrent Selection for Grain Protein in Hard Red Spring Wheat written by Brent William Delzer and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 906 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Proceedings of the Fifth International Wheat Genetics Symposium written by S. Ramanujam and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 786 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book American Doctoral Dissertations written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 768 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Genotype Environment and Management Interactions on Grain Yield and Nutrient Uptake Dynamics in Winter Wheat written by Amanda De Oliveira Silva and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding factors underpinning the variation in nitrogen (N) utilization efficiency (NUtE) [i.e., grain yield per unit of N uptake at maturity] is critical to direct future breeding and agronomic management strategies in wheat. However, no study has summarized changes in wheat NUtE across a wide range of environments. Further, the conservative behavior of producers to intensify management practices may have been contributing to the yield stagnation in the US southern Great Plains. Our goals were to: (i) perform a synthesis-analysis using published data to study NUtE in wheat, and (ii) conduct field studies to investigate the influence of genotype, environment, and management on grain yield and nutrient uptake. Results from our synthesis-analysis (n=529) showed a positive and curvilinear relationship between grain yield and NupMAT, indicating that opportunities to enhance yield through improving NUtE would only be possible at greater-than-average yield and N uptake levels. By measuring the effects of other reported variables on the residuals of the relationship between NUtE and N uptake, we observed that the variability in NUtE at particular levels of N uptake was greater for fall- than for winter-sown wheat, but it was similar for all wheat classes. The negative correlation between grain protein concentration and the residuals indicated a challenge to increase yield through improving NUtE with no penalties in grain protein. We conducted two field research experiments at difference sites during the 2015-16 and 2016-17 growing seasons in Kansas. In our experiment 1, we conducted on-farm experiments across three locations and two growing seasons in Kansas using 21 modern winter wheat genotypes grown under either standard (SM) or intensified management (IM) systems. Results showed that across all sites-years and genotypes, the IM increased yield by 0.9 Mg ha−1 relative to the SM. Even in the lowest yielding background condition, the IM outyielded SM, and expectedly, the yield response to IM increased with the achievable yield of the environment. The yield response of genotypes to IM was related to the responses of biomass between the two management systems rather than harvest index, strongly driven by improvements in grain number while independent of changes in grain weight, and related to improvements in N uptake. In our experiment 2, we evaluated the partial contribution of 14 management practices on grain yield and the accumulation of N, P, K and S during the growing season using a single bread-wheat genotype grown under four site-years. Fungicide was the main treatment affecting yield and nutrient uptake. Overall, all nutrients were accumulated at a similar proportion at each growth stage relative to their respective accumulation at the end of the season. Shoot concentration for IM seemed to maintain higher concentration of nutrients as compared to the SM control during the growing season. This was emphasized by the significant increase in nutrition indices for N and S from SM to IM control, indicating possible luxury uptake under IM. Hence, crop intensification strategies may alter nutrient uptake at the end of season, but will not affect timing and rate of uptake during the growing season.

Download or read book Parameters of Nitrogen Utilization in Hard Red Spring Wheat written by Michael H. Pauly and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Grain and Plant Protein Relationships and Recurrent Selection for Grain Protein Percentage in Spring Wheat Triticum Aestivum L written by Carlos Marcelo Löffler and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Duration and Rate of Grain Filling and Subsequent Grain Protein Content in Selected Winter Wheat Populations written by Beiquan Mou and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The lack of information regarding the inheritance of the duration and rate of grain filling, and the possible relationship between grain fill and grain protein content in wheat prompted this study. Early maturing Chinese cultivars, 'AI Feng 2' and 'CB 83-52', and late maturing cultivars adapted to Oregon, 'Stephens' and 'Yamhill Dwarf', were examined for vernalization and photoperiod responses. Progeny from a diallel cross of the genotypes was evaluated for grain filling parameters, grain protein content and other agronomic traits for two years. 'Yamhill Dwarf' required six weeks of vernalization, while other cultivars needed only four weeks. The two Oregon developed genotypes were more sensitive to photoperiod than Chinese genotypes. Variation in developmental patterns among genotypes was related to differences in leaf number, spikelet number, rate of spikelet initiation, and rate of grain fill. Compared to solid planting, space-planting reduced the grain filling period. Significant genotypic variation for grain filling rate, duration, and kernel weight was observed in both seasons. Genotype X year interaction was not significant for any of the grain filling traits. General combining ability effects for grain filling rate, duration, and kernel weight were much larger than specific combining ability effects. Additive gene action made the major contribution to the inheritance of the grain filling traits. However, dominance effects appeared also to be involved in the genetic control of grain filling duration and kernel weight. Narrow sense heritability estimates were high for all three grain filling traits. Results indicated that early generation selection for both duration and rate of grain fill should be effective in these populations. Rate, but not duration of grain fill was closely associated with kernel weight. There was an inverse relationship between duration and rate of grain filling. Kernel protein percentage was positively associated with duration, but negatively related to rate of the grain filling. Results suggest that starch and protein accumulations in the kernel are two highly independent processes and may not necessarily compete for assimilates or energy. It may be necessary under the environments of this study to increase the duration of the grain fill to obtain high protein content with acceptable grain yield.

Download or read book Spatial Data Analysis in Ecology and Agriculture Using R written by Richard E. Plant and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-12-18 with total page 666 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Key features: Unique in its combination of serving as an introduction to spatial statistics and to modeling agricultural and ecological data using R Provides exercises in each chapter to facilitate the book's use as a course textbook or for self-study Adds new material on generalized additive models, point pattern analysis, and new methods of Bayesian analysis of spatial data. Includes a completely revised chapter on the analysis of spatiotemporal data featuring recently introduced software and methods Updates its coverage of R software including newly introduced packages Spatial Data Analysis in Ecology and Agriculture Using R, 2nd Edition provides practical instruction on the use of the R programming language to analyze spatial data arising from research in ecology, agriculture, and environmental science. Readers have praised the book's practical coverage of spatial statistics, real-world examples, and user-friendly approach in presenting and explaining R code, aspects maintained in this update. Using data sets from cultivated and uncultivated ecosystems, the book guides the reader through the analysis of each data set, including setting research objectives, designing the sampling plan, data quality control, exploratory and confirmatory data analysis, and drawing scientific conclusions. Additional material to accompany the book, on both analyzing satellite data and on multivariate analysis, can be accessed at https: //www.plantsciences.ucdavis.edu/plant/additionaltopics.htm.

Download or read book Protein and Grain Yield Inheritance in Four Populations of Hard Red Winter Wheat Triticum Aestivum L written by Mohammad Karim Gharzai and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Amino Acids in Higher Plants written by J P F D'Mello and published by CABI. This book was released on 2015-04-15 with total page 634 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Amino acids play a role in the defence mechanisms and stress responses of plants, as well as in food quality and safety for humans and animals. Recent advances in the field make a comprehensive overview of the information a necessity; this book collates chapters on plant enzymes and metabolism, modulation, molecular aspects and secondary products. Also including information on ecology, the environment and mammalian nutrition and toxicology, it provides an authoritative resource.

Download or read book Physiological Breeding written by Alistair Pask and published by CIMMYT. This book was released on 2012 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: