Download or read book Polymer Melt Rheology and Flow Birefringence written by Hermann Janeschitz-Kriegl and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 538 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present monograph is intended as an introduction into a field which certainly did not receive proper attention in the past. It is one of the aims of this book to verify this suppo sition. The author hopes to show that the technique of the measurement of flow birefringence can fulfil an important com plementary task in polymer melt rheology. From this point it is expected that the present monograph will attract the atten tion of polymer scientists in general, and of rheologists and process engineers in particular. Certainly, the fourth chapter will appeal to the latter group. As a teacher in polymer science and technology the author wants to address also the group of the graduate students. In fact, the standard knowledge acquired during usual university studies in chemistry, physics or engineering does not enable a quick start of research activities in the field of polymer melt rheology. Certainly, in this typically interdisciplinary field everyone can lay emphasis on matters which are familar to hirn because of his preceding education. Significant research activities, however, can only be generated on the basis of a more universal knowledge. In the absence of this knowledge beginners have to rely upon the guidance of their supervisors for an unduly long period. Otherwise they take the risk of losing too much of their costly time. This holds in particular for the experimentalists who cannot be dispensed from being familiar with the necessary theoretical background.
Download or read book The application of flow birefringence to rheological studies of polymer melts written by J.L.S. Wales and published by Springer. This book was released on 1976-03-31 with total page 111 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 1. 1 Preamble The science to which this work is appended is termed rheology and rheology means the study of flow and deformation of liquids and solids with emphasis on the underlying physical processes. Characteristic for solids is that they respond to a force by deforming, and, on removal of the force, by returning to their original shape. This type of re sponse is termed elastic. Characteristic for liquids is that they deform and continue to deform as long as the force is present. This type of response is termed viscous. The two definitions just given for viscous and elastic response represent ~wo extremes of response to an external force. Materials do not always fall readily into one or the other of the above-mentioned categories. An additional parameter is needed to describe material response more fully. The extra param eter is time. As a general rule the faster the deformation the closer the re sponse is to being elastic, the slower the deformation the closer the response is to being viscous. Slow and fast . are factors relative to some natural time, T, of the material. This natural time may be thought connected with the rates of spontaneous diffusion of its molecular and atomic constituents. For every day fluids as water, the natural time is very short, of the order of 10-10s 1) and hence for most purposes is considered as being viscous.
Download or read book The application of flow birefringence to rheological studies of polymer melts written by J.L.S. Wales and published by Springer. This book was released on 1976-04-14 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 1. 1 Preamble The science to which this work is appended is termed rheology and rheology means the study of flow and deformation of liquids and solids with emphasis on the underlying physical processes. Characteristic for solids is that they respond to a force by deforming, and, on removal of the force, by returning to their original shape. This type of re sponse is termed elastic. Characteristic for liquids is that they deform and continue to deform as long as the force is present. This type of response is termed viscous. The two definitions just given for viscous and elastic response represent ~wo extremes of response to an external force. Materials do not always fall readily into one or the other of the above-mentioned categories. An additional parameter is needed to describe material response more fully. The extra param eter is time. As a general rule the faster the deformation the closer the re sponse is to being elastic, the slower the deformation the closer the response is to being viscous. Slow and fast . are factors relative to some natural time, T, of the material. This natural time may be thought connected with the rates of spontaneous diffusion of its molecular and atomic constituents. For every day fluids as water, the natural time is very short, of the order of 10-10s 1) and hence for most purposes is considered as being viscous.
Download or read book Polymer Melt Rheology written by F N Cogswell and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1981-01-01 with total page 195 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the ways in which melt flow behaviour can be exploited by the plastics engineer and technician for increased efficiency of processing operation, control of end product properties and selection and development of polymers for specific purposes. (reissued with minor corrections 1994)
Download or read book Polymer Rheology written by R.S. Lenk and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Everything flows, so rheology is a universal science. Even if we set aside claims of such width, there can be no doubt of its importance in polymers. It joins with chemistry in the polymerisation step but polymer engineering is supreme in all the succeeding steps. This is the area concerned with the fabrication of the polymer into articles or components, with their design to meet the needs in service, and with the long and short term performance of the article or component. This is a typical area of professional engineering activity, but one as yet without its proper complement of professional engineers. An understanding of polymer rheology is the key to effective design and material plus process selection, to efficient fabrication, and to satisfactory service, yet few engineers make adequate use of what is known and understood in polymer rheology. Its importance in the flow processes of fabrication is obvious. Less obvious, but equally important, are the rheological phenomena which determine the in-service performance. There is a gap between the polymer rheologist and the polymer engineer which is damaging to both parties and which contributes to a less than satisfactory use of polymers in our society. It is important that this gap be filled and this book makes an attempt to do so. It presents an outline of what is known in a concise and logical fashion. It does this starting from first principles and with the minimum use of complex mathematics.
Download or read book Melt Rheology and Its Role in Plastics Processing written by K. Wissbrun and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-27 with total page 684 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is designed to fulfill a dual role. On the one hand it provides a description of the rheological behavior of molten poly mers. On the other, it presents the role of rheology in melt processing operations. The account of rheology emphasises the underlying principles and presents results, but not detailed deriva tions of equations. The processing operations are described qualita tively, and wherever possible the role of rheology is discussed quantitatively. Little emphasis is given to non-rheological aspects of processes, for example, the design of machinery. The audience for which the book is intended is also dual in It includes scientists and engineers whose work in the nature. plastics industry requires some knowledge of aspects of rheology. Examples are the polymer synthetic chemist who is concerned with how a change in molecular weight will affect the melt viscosity and the extrusion engineer who needs to know the effects of a change in molecular weight distribution that might result from thermal degra dation. The audience also includes post-graduate students in polymer science and engineering who wish to acquire a more extensive background in rheology and perhaps become specialists in this area. Especially for the latter audience, references are given to more detailed accounts of specialized topics, such as constitutive relations and process simulations. Thus, the book could serve as a textbook for a graduate level course in polymer rheology, and it has been used for this purpose.
Download or read book Crystallization Modalities in Polymer Melt Processing written by Hermann Janeschitz-Kriegl and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-03-27 with total page 229 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In addition to structure formation in crystallizing polymers and semicrystalline polymers, this second edition completes the topic of transport phenomena. It also reviews solidification by crystallization during cooling and under flow or pressure, which all play an enormous role in polymer melt processing. Generally, there is an intensive interaction between three transport phenomena: heat transfer, momentum transfer (flow, rheology) and (flow induced) crystallization. The strong interaction between the three transport phenomena is a major challenge when it comes to experimentation, and advances in this area are detailed in the book, guiding further development of sound modeling. This book enables readers to follow an advanced course in polymer processing. It is a valuable resource for polymer chemists, applied physicists, rheologists, plastics engineers, mold makers and material scientists.
Download or read book Polymer Melt Fracture written by Rudy Koopmans and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2010-08-03 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The continually growing plastics market consists of more than 250 million tons of product annually, making the recurring problem of polymer melt fracture an acute issue in the extrusion of these materials. Presenting a pictorial library of the different forms of melt fracture and real industrial extrusion melt fracture phenomena, Polymer Melt Fract
Download or read book Rheology for Polymer Melt Processing written by J.-M. Piau and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1996-10-10 with total page 423 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the main results obtained by different laboratories involved in the research group Rheology for polymer melt processing which is associated with French universities, schools of engineering, and the CNRS (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - France). The group comprises some 15 research laboratories of varied disciplines (chemistry, physics, material sciences, mechanics, mathematics), but with a common challenge viz. to enhance the understanding of the relationships between macromolecular species, their rheology and their processing. Some crucial issues of polymer science have been addressed: correlation of viscoelastic macroscopic bulk property measurements and models, slip at the wall, extrusion defects, correlation between numerical flow simulations and experiments. Features of the book: • The book is unique in that it allows one to grasp the key issues in polymer rheology and processing at once through a series of detailed state-of-the-art contributions, which were previously scattered throughout the literature. • Each paper was reviewed by experts and the book editors and some coordination was established in order to achieve a readable and easy access style. • Papers have been grouped in sections covering successively: Molecular dynamics, Constitutive equations and numerical modelling, Simple and complex flows. • Each paper can be read independently. Since the book is intended as an introduction to the main topics in polymer processing, it will be of interest to graduate students as well as to scientists in academic and industrial laboratories.
Download or read book Flow Properties of Polymer Melts written by J. A. Brydson and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Rheological Fundamentals of Polymer Processing written by J.A. Covas and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Experts in rheology and polymer processing present up-to-date, fundamental and applied information on the rheological properties of polymers, in particular those relevant to processing, contributing to the physical understanding and the mathematical modelling of polymer processing sequences. Basic concepts of non-Newtonian fluid mechanics, micro-rheological modelling and constitutive modelling are reviewed, and rheological measurements are described. Topics with practical relevance are debated, such as linear viscoelasticity, converging and diverging flows, and the rheology of multiphase systems. Approximation methods are discussed for the computer modelling of polymer melt flow. Subsequently, polymer processing technologies are studied from both simulation and engineering perspectives. Mixing, crystallization and reactive processing aspects are also included. Audience: An integrated and complete view of polymer processing and rheology, important to institutions and individuals engaged in the characterisation, testing, compounding, modification and processing of polymeric materials. Can also support academic polymer processing engineering programs.
Download or read book Rheology and Its Role in Plastics Processing written by P. Prentice and published by iSmithers Rapra Publishing. This book was released on 1995 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This review encompasses fundamental principles and rheological equations of state, polymer melt rheology (shear and extensional flow, viscoelasticity, die swell and melt fracture) and rheological c094 techniques. It describes the main plastics processing techniques, and explains the influence of polymer melt rheology upon their operation. An additional indexed section containing several hundred abstracts from the Rapra Polymer Library database provides useful references for further reading.
Download or read book Polymer Rheology and Processing written by A.A. Collyer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1990-10-31 with total page 494 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Introduction to Polymer Rheology written by Montgomery T. Shaw and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-01-12 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An introduction to the rheology of polymers, with simple math Designed for practicing scientists and engineers interested in polymer rheology science, education, consulting, or research and development, Introduction to Polymer Rheology is a comprehensive yet accessible guide to the study of the deformation and flow of matter under applied stress. Often considered a complicated topic for beginners, the book makes grasping the fundamentals of polymer rheology easy by presenting information in an approachable way and limiting the use of complex mathematics. By doing so, this introductory overview provides readers with easy access to the key concepts underlying the flow behavior of polymer melts, solutions, and suspensions. Incorporating sample problems that are worked through and explained on the page, as well as numerous practice problems to gauge learning comprehension, the book prepares new students and practitioners for moving on to more advanced concepts. Comprising twelve chapters, the book covers stress, velocity and rate of deformation, the relationship between stress and rate of deformation (Newtonian fluid), generalized Newtonian fluids, normal stresses and elastic behavior, experimental methods, small and large strain, the molecular origins of rheological behavior, elementary polymer processing concepts, quality control in rheology, and the flow of modified polymers and those with supermolecular structure. The essential reference for accurately interpreting polymer rheology data, Introduction to Polymer Rheology provides readers with an elementary understanding of the key issues and modern approaches to resolving problems in the field. An Instructor’s Guide with answers to select problems in the text, 60 new problems with full solutions, hints for effective presentation of the material in the text, and an errata listing is available for professors using the book as a course textbook.
Download or read book Crystallization Modalities in Polymer Melt Processing written by Hermann Janeschitz-Kriegl and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-09-18 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Structure formation in crystallizing polymers, as occurring during processing, has not been treated so far in a coherent form. This fact explains, why this monograph is written as the ?rst book devoted to this subject. A quarter of a century ago the underdevelopment of this subject was obvious. Trial and error dominated. In fact, other apposite subjects as polymer melt rheology or heat transfer, had reached high levels. A great number of books has been devoted to them. Mold ?lling of amorphous polymers and the solidi?cation of these polymers by vitri?cation can nowadays be simulated numerically with a high degree of accuracy. In the solidi?ed sample even residual stresses and corresponding birefringence effects can accurately be 1 calculated . However, semicrystalline polymers, which form the majority of industrial po- mers, have been excluded from these considerations for good reasons. In fact, great uncertainties existed about the formation of quality determining crystalline str- tures. In particular, polyole?ns suffered from this shortcoming. In 1983 this fact instigated the polymer research group at the Johannes Kepler University in Linz to start with pertinent activities. The urgency of this kind of studies becomes evident, if advantages and hitches of these polymers are considered. 1. Versatility of processing: Injection molding into a great variety of shapes and sizes, from thin walled beakers to garden chairs, not to forget pipe and pro?le extrusion, cable coating, ?ber spinning, ?lm blowing. 2. Product qualities: Ductility, low density, good electric insulation, corrosion resistance, surface quality.
Download or read book Melt Rheology and its Applications in the Plastics Industry written by John M Dealy and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-05-14 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the second edition of Melt Rheology and its Role in Plastics Processing, although the title has changed to reflect its broadened scope. Advances in the recent years in rheometer technology and polymer science have greatly enhanced the usefulness of rheology in the plastics industry. It is now possible to design polymers having specific molecular structures and to predict the flow properties of melts having those structures. In addition, rheological properties now provide more precise information about molecular structure. This book provides all the information that is needed for the intelligent application of rheology in the development of new polymers, the determination of molecular structure and the correlation of processability with laboratory test data. Theory and equations are limited to what is essential for the use of rheology in the characterization of polymers, the development of new plastics materials and the prediction of plastics processing behavior. The emphasis is on information that will be of direct use to practitioners. Extensive references are provided for those wishing to pursue certain issues in greater depth. While the primary audience is applied polymer scientists and plastics engineers, the book will also be of use to postgraduate students in polymer science and engineering and as a text for a graduate course.
Download or read book Principles of Polymer Engineering Rheology written by James Lindsay White and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1991-01-16 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides the basic background needed by engineers to determine experimentally and interpret the rheological behavior of polymer melts--including not only traditional pure melts but also solutions and compounds containing anisotropic (fiber or disc) or colloidal particles--and apply it to analyze flow in processing operations. Experimental foundations of modern rheology and rheo-optics and the interpretation of experimental data are covered, which also develops the fundamentals of continuum mechanics and shows how it may be applied to devise methods for measurement of rheological properties, formulation of three-dimensional stress-deformation relationships, and analysis of flow in processing operations. Also discusses the structure of polymers and considers rheological behavior in terms of structure. Constitutive equations relating stress to deformation history in non-Newtonian fluids and their applications are discussed. Each chapter presents an overview of the subject matter and then develops the material in a pedagogical manner.
