Download or read book Polymer based Integrated Photonic Devices for Interconnects written by Zeyu Pan and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Integrated photonic devices based on optical waveguides have been extensively studied for various applications, especially the high-speed intra- and inter-chip interconnects. Usually, a waveguide contains a core with high refractive index and cladding with lower refractive index. Among various waveguides, silicon, polymer, and silicon-polymer hybrid devices are the most promising candidates for low cost, small size, light weight, and low power consumption (CSWaP) optical interconnect. Firstly, silicon-based optical devices can be fabricated using CMOS compatible nanofabrication technology, which is already widely used to manufacture integrated circuits. Silicon photonic devices can have very small footprint and enable high density photonic circuits, due to high refractive index contrast. However, one of the intrinsic obstacles is the absence of [chi](2)-nonlinearity in unstrained silicon due to its centrosymmetric crystal structure, making modulating photons on silicon platform a great challenge. Secondly, polymer-based devices have been found very attractive, owing to the advantages of high thermo-optic (TO) or electro-optic (EO) coefficient, high transparency in the telecommunication wavelength windows, and fabrication feasibility over large areas on printed circuit board (PCB) or other kinds of substrates. The roll-to-roll (R2R) compatible imprinting and ink-jet printing for developing polymer-based devices on flexible or rigid substrates enable large-area, light-weight, low-cost optical interconnects. However, due to the low refractive index contrast, the polymer photonic devices always require large footprint. Finally, the silicon-organic hybrid (SOH) platform enables the marriage of the best of these two materials and thus has been receiving substantial attention. In this dissertation, integrated photonic devices based on silicon, polymer, or hybrid platform will be presented. First, high-efficiency quasi-vertical tapers for polymer waveguide based inter-board optical interconnects will be demonstrated. A triangular-shape tapered structure is adopted above the waveguide core to transform a fiber mode into a single mode polymer rib waveguide mode as an optical mode transformer. A coupling loss of 1.79±0.30 dB and 2.23±0.31 dB per coupler for the quasi-TM and quasi-TE mode respectively have been experimentally demonstrated, across the C and L bands (1535 nm – 1610 nm). Then, a reconfigurable thermo-optic polymer switch based true-time-delay network will be analyzed and demonstrated. Thirdly, I will show a novel subwavelength-grating waveguide ring resonator based high-speed modulators, which is the largest bandwidth and the most compact footprint that has been demonstrated for the ring resonators on the silicon-organic hybrid (SOH) platform. Finally, the on-chip time-division multiplexing and de-multiplexing system will be designed and analyzed.

Download or read book Polymer Based Integrated Photonic Devices for Highly Parallel Optical Interconnects written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We have solved the crosslinker crystallization problem which has been a major bottleneck for several years. A new method of electrooptic measurenment is invented which has the advantage of being able to accurately measure r33 and r13 separately with a high accuracy. A theory of TE-TM mode conversion in tilted-poled NLO waveguides is developed. A new polarization-independent Mach-Zehnder modulator is designed and fabricated by using this theory. This device uses continuous modulation electrodes, thereby allowing the employment of traveling-wave modulation to achieve extremely high speed. Primary polarization-independent devices and directional-coupler devices have been fabricated. Further design and fabrication of new high performance electrooptic devices are under investigation.

Download or read book Silicon Polymer Hybrid Integrated Microwave Photonic Devices for Optical Interconnects and Electromagnetic Wave Detection written by Xingyu Zhang and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 532 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The accelerating increase in information traffic demands the expansion of optical access network systems that require high-performance optical and photonic components. In short-range communication links, optical interconnects have been widely accepted as a viable approach to solve the problems that copper based electrical interconnects have encountered in keeping up with the surge in the data rate demand over the last decades. Low cost, ease of fabrication, and integration capabilities of low optical-loss polymers make them attractive for integrated photonic applications to support futuristic data communication networks. In addition to passive wave-guiding components, electro-optic (EO) polymers consisting of a polymeric matrix doped with organic nonlinear chromophores have enabled wide-RF-bandwidth and low-power active photonic devices. Beside board level passive and active optical components, on-chip micro- or nano-photonic devices have been made possible by the hybrid integration of EO polymers onto the silicon platform. In recent years, silicon photonics have attracted a significant amount of attentions, because it offers compact device size and the potential of complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) compatible photonic integrated circuits. The combination of silicon photonics and EO polymers can enable miniaturized and high-performance hybrid integrated photonic devices, such as electro-optic modulators, optical interconnects, and microwave photonic sensors. Silicon photonic crystal waveguides (PCWs) exhibit slow-light effects which are beneficial for device miniaturization. Especially, EO polymer filled silicon slotted PCWs further reduce the device size and enhance the device performance by combining the best of these two systems. The potential applications of these silicon-polymer hybrid integrated devices include not only optical interconnects, but also optical sensing and microwave photonics. In this dissertation, the design, fabrication, and characterization of several types of silicon-polymer hybrid photonic devices will be presented, including EO polymer filled silicon PCW modulators for on-chip optical interconnects, antenna-coupled optical modulators for electromagnetic wave detections, and low-loss strip-to-slot PCW mode converters. In addition, some polymer-based devices and silicon-based photonic devices will also be presented, such as traveling wave electro-optic polymer modulators based on domain-inversion directional couplers, and silicon thermo-optic switches based on coupled photonic crystal microcavities. Furthermore, some microwave (or RF) components such as integrated broadband bowtie antennas for microwave photonic applications will be covered. Some on-going work or suggested future work will also be introduced, including in-device pyroelectric poling for EO polymer filled silicon slot PCWs, millimeter- or Terahertz-wave sensors based on EO polymer filled plasmonic slot waveguide, low-loss silicon-polymer hybrid slot photonic crystal waveguides fabricated by CMOS foundry, logic devices based on EO polymer microring resonators, and so on.

Download or read book Polymers for Integrated Optical Interconnects written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the final report of a three-year, Laboratory-Directed Research and Development (LDRD) project at the Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL). The recent discovery of electroluminescent polymers opens up, for the first time, the possibility of using optical interconnects for conventional silicon integrated circuits (ICs). If this capability can be realized, it will have a tremendous impact on the architecture and performance of complex computing and communication systems. The primary objective of this project was to understand the light-emission mechanism of electroluminescent polymers and to use this knowledge to make efficient light-emitting-polymer diodes (LEPDs). These devices are the critical missing element for a polymer-based integrated-optical interconnect technology. The authors studied and obtained experimental results in several areas including the energetic position of fundamental excitation, the degradation of the polymer caused by oxygen, and the luminescence efficiency of polymer and oligomers. Parallel to the experimental effort, theoretical calculations were performed on the microscopic scale and on the device scale.

Download or read book Monolithically Integrated Photonic Devices for Optical Interconnect Applications written by Mingcho Wu and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Integrated Photonic Devices for Optical Communication and Interconnect written by Mei-Hao Shih and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Highly Integrated Polymer Photonic Switching and Interconnects written by Xiaolong Wang and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As we move from long-distance network to short distance reach, optics encounters increasing difficulties in terms of packaging, reliability and system cost. However, with the rapid increasing speed and complexity of VLSI technology, electrical interconnects will fail to provide sufficient bandwidth beyond 10GHz after 2012. There does exist an opportunity for the continuing exploration of optics to complement or even replace the conventional board level electrical interconnects. An innovative approach with a fully embedded structure is anticipated to overcome the technical and cost barriers that prohibit the realization of optical interconnects in board levels. In the second half of this dissertation, technology efforts projected to relieve the concerns of low cost, high performance optical layers, as well as the system integration issues were carried out. The research accomplishments include a 51cm long molded waveguide array with 150GHz optical bandwidth, 85% coupling efficiency surface normal micro-mirror and system integration with laser diodes and photo detectors.

Download or read book Optical Interconnects for Data Centers written by Tolga Tekin and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2016-11-01 with total page 431 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Current data centre networks, based on electronic packet switches, are experiencing an exponential increase in network traffic due to developments such as cloud computing. Optical interconnects have emerged as a promising alternative offering high throughput and reduced power consumption. Optical Interconnects for Data Centers reviews key developments in the use of optical interconnects in data centres and the current state of the art in transforming this technology into a reality. The book discusses developments in optical materials and components (such as single and multi-mode waveguides), circuit boards and ways the technology can be deployed in data centres. Optical Interconnects for Data Centers is a key reference text for electronics designers, optical engineers, communications engineers and R&D managers working in the communications and electronics industries as well as postgraduate researchers. Summarizes the state-of-the-art in this emerging field Presents a comprehensive review of all the key aspects of deploying optical interconnects in data centers, from materials and components, to circuit boards and methods for integration Contains contributions that are drawn from leading international experts on the topic

Download or read book Polymers for Electronic Photonic Application written by C. P. Wong and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 676 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The most recent advances in the use of polymeric materials by the electronic industry can be found in Polymers for Electronic and Photonic Applications. This bookprovides in-depth coverage of photoresis for micro-lithography, microelectronic encapsulants and packaging, insulators, dielectrics for multichip packaging,electronic and photonic applications of polymeric materials, among many other topics. Intended for engineers and scientists who design, process, and manufacturemicroelectronic components, this book will also prove useful for hybrid and systems packaging managers who want to be informed of the very latest developments inthis field. * Presents most recent advances in the use of polymeric materials by the electronic industry* Contributions by foremost experts in the field

Download or read book Sol gel and Polymer Photonic Devices written by Mark P. Andrews and published by SPIE-International Society for Optical Engineering. This book was released on 1997 with total page 466 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proceedings of SPIE present the original research papers presented at SPIE conferences and other high-quality conferences in the broad-ranging fields of optics and photonics. These books provide prompt access to the latest innovations in research and technology in their respective fields. Proceedings of SPIE are among the most cited references in patent literature.

Download or read book Polymers in Organic Electronics written by Sulaiman Khalifeh and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2020-04-01 with total page 617 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Polymers in Organic Electronics: Polymer Selection for Electronic, Mechatronic, and Optoelectronic Systems provides readers with vital data, guidelines, and techniques for optimally designing organic electronic systems using novel polymers. The book classifies polymer families, types, complexes, composites, nanocomposites, compounds, and small molecules while also providing an introduction to the fundamental principles of polymers and electronics. Features information on concepts and optimized types of electronics and a classification system of electronic polymers, including piezoelectric and pyroelectric, optoelectronic, mechatronic, organic electronic complexes, and more. The book is designed to help readers select the optimized material for structuring their organic electronic system.Chapters discuss the most common properties of electronic polymers, methods of optimization, and polymeric-structured printed circuit boards. The polymeric structures of optoelectronics and photonics are covered and the book concludes with a chapter emphasizing the importance of polymeric structures for packaging of electronic devices. Provides key identifying details on a range of polymers, micro-polymers, nano-polymers, resins, hydrocarbons, and oligomers Covers the most common electrical, electronic, and optical properties of electronic polymers Describes the underlying theories on the mechanics of polymer conductivity Discusses polymeric structured printed circuit boards, including their rapid prototyping and optimizing their polymeric structures Shows optimization methods for both polymeric structures of organic active electronic components and organic passive electronic components

Download or read book Silicon Integrated Nanophotonic Devices for On chip Optical Interconnects written by Che-Yun Lin and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Silicon is the dominant material in Microelectronics. Building photonic devices out of silicon can leverage the mature processing technologies developed in silicon CMOS. Silicon is also a very good waveguide material. It is highly transparent at 1550nm, and it has very high refractive index of 3.46. High refractive index enables building high index contrast waveguides with dimensions close to the diffraction limit. This provides the opportunity to build highly integrated photonic integrated circuit that can perform multiple functions on the same silicon chip, an optical parallel of the electronic integrated circuit. However, silicon does not have some of the necessary properties to build active optical devices such as lasers and modulators. For Example, silicon is an indirect band gap material that can't be used to make lasers. The centro-symmetric crystal structure in silicon presents no electro-optic effect. By contrast, electro-optic polymer can be engineered to show very strong electro-optic effect up to 300pm/V. In this research we have demonstrated highly compact and efficient devices that utilize the strong optical confinement ability in silicon and strong electro-optic effect in polymer. We have performed detailed investigations on the optical coupling to a slow light waveguide and developed solutions to improve the coupling efficiency to a slow light photonic crystal waveguides (PCW). These studies have lead to the demonstration of the most hybrid silicon modulator demonstrate to date and a compact chip scale true time delay module that can be implemented in future phased array antenna systems. In the future, people may be able to realize a photonic integrated circuit for optical communication or sensor systems using the devices we developed in our research.

Download or read book Robust and Scalable Silicon Photonic Interconnects and Devices written by Asher Novick and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For these constellations to communicate directly, a new class of satellite must join the sky, with adaptive communication capabilities to translate Baud rate and modulation format between otherwise incompatible constellations. To support each of these applications with integrated photonics solution, advances in both SiPh architectures and the devices that comprise them. This work first presents an overview of the system-level challenges associated with such links, including novel proposed integrated interconnect architectures, and then explores novel photonic devices that are designed to enable critical functionality and overcome system-level limitations. The advances demonstrated in this thesis provide a clear direction towards realizing a future fully permeated by ultra-efficient optical connectivity, supporting resource disaggregation and all-to-all connectivity from green hyper-scale data centers all the way to LEO.

Download or read book Photonic Wire Bonding as a Novel Technology for Photonic Chip Interfaces written by Lindenmann, Nicole and published by KIT Scientific Publishing. This book was released on 2018-02-09 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To create photonic multi-chip modules, integrated photonic chips need to be connected internally and to external glass fibers. A novel approach to address this task is the concept of photonic wire bonding, where free-standing polymer waveguides are printed in-situ by two-photon polymerization. This book contains a detailed description of the methodology of photonic wire bonding together with a number of key experiments.

Download or read book Polymer Nanocomposites based on Inorganic and Organic Nanomaterials written by Smita Mohanty and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-06-29 with total page 600 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers all aspects of the different classes of nanomaterials – from synthesis to application. It investigates in detail the use and feasibility of developing nanocomposites with these nanomaterials as reinforcements. The book encompasses synthesis and properties of cellulose nanofibers, bacterial nanocellulose, carbon nanotubes / nanofibers, graphene, nanodiamonds, nanoclays, inorganic nanomaterials and their nanocomposites for high-end applications such as electronic devices, energy storage, structural and packaging. The book also provides insight into various modification techniques for improving the functionality of nanomaterials apart from their compatibility with the base matrix.

Download or read book On chip Silicon Photonic Waveguide Devices for Biochemical Sensing and Optical Interconnects written by Hai Yan (Ph. D.) and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On-chip photonic devices based on waveguides receives significant attention for its capability in realizing great performance with high integration density. Two of the most representative area of application are biochemical sensing and optical interconnects. Micro- and nano-scale photonic biosensor has become a fast growing research topic driven by the need of portable bio-detection systems with high sensitivity, high throughput, real-time and label-free detection. Various structures, especially those based on silicon-on-insulator (SOI) substrate, have been demonstrated in research, some of which have been developed into commercially available product. In terms of optical interconnect, extensive research and development is underway to try to break the bottleneck in traditional copper interconnect in modern electronics facilities and devices, from local area network to short-reach data links and even down to on-chip interconnect. Silicon photonics is currently the most promising solution to optical interconnect primarily due to its mature processing technologies. Yet other materials, including electro-optic (EO) polymers, are also widely used in specific applications (e.g. EO modulators) for the benefits of high speed and low energy consumption. In this dissertation, various photonic waveguide devices for biochemical sensing and optical interconnect will be presented. First, biosensors based on photonic crystal (PC) microcavities will be demonstrated. A bandpass filter will be introduced to combine multiple PC microcavity sensors into an array. Array of PC biosensors with different parameters was formed to give a wide dynamic range of detection range. The detection of antibiotics and heavy metals will be covered. Then, a novel structure -- subwavelength grating waveguides (SWG) based biosensors will be introduced and its unique thickness-independent surface sensitivity will be analyzed and demonstrated. Thirdly, I will show a novel one-dimensional PC slot waveguide. It offers a simple, high-efficiency and low-loss phase shifter design for silicon-polymer hybrid EO modulators. Strained silicon waveguide for the generation of mid-infrared wave through difference frequency generation will be covered at last. It will show the potential application of chemical sensing with integrated photonic devices.

Download or read book Integrated Nanophotonic Devices written by Zeev Zalevsky and published by William Andrew. This book was released on 2010-10-08 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nanophotonics is a field of science and technology based on the manipulation of light with equally miniscule structures, in the same way that computer chips are used to route and switch electrical signals. By enabling new high bandwidth, high speed optoelectronic components, nanophotonics has the potential to revolutionize the fields of telecommunications, computation and sensing. In this book, Zalevsky and Abdulhalim explore one of the key technologies emerging within nanophotonics, that of nano-integrated photonic modulation devices and sensors. The attempt to integrate photonic dynamic devices with microelectronic circuits is becoming a major scientific as well as industrial trend due to the fact that currently processing is mainly achieved using microelectronic chips but transmission, especially for long distances, takes place via optical links. Unlocks the technologies that will turn the rapidly growing research area of nanophotonics into a major area of commercial development, with applications in telecommunications, computing, security and sensing Nano-integrated photonic modulation devices and sensors are the components that will see nanophotonics moving out of the lab into a new generation of products and services By covering the scientific fundamentals alongside technological applications, the authors open up this important multidisciplinary subject to readers from a range of scientific backgrounds