Download or read book Pollution de l air dans l environnement urbain written by S. O. Winthrop and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Pollution de l air dans l environnement urbain written by S. O. Winthrop and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Urban Atmosphere and Its Effects written by Peter Brimblecombe and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2001 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Air Pollution Reviews will provide state-of-the-art reviews of key problems in air pollution science. Leading research workers and key figures from the regulatory and industrial communities will contribute detailed and yet accessible accounts of areas in which they have recognised expertise. The series will run to five volumes, the first being more general than the succeeding volumes. In Volume 1, current perceptions of the effects of air pollutants on health will be reviewed. Recent epidemiological data on the links between particles and effects on health and the methods used to investigate these associations will be critically assessed. For students reading environmental science and those beginning research on air pollution and its effects, regulatory toxicologists and physicians with an interest in environmental medicine, this series will be a central source of up-to-date, critically reviewed information.

Download or read book Air Quality in Cities written by Nicolas Moussiopoulos and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Urban areas are major sources of air pollution. Pollutant emissions affecting air quality in cities are considered to have adverse consequences for human health. Public and government concern about environmental issues arising from urban air pollution has increased over the last decades. The urban air pollution problem is widespread throughout the world and it is important to find ways of eliminating or at least reducing the risks for human health. The fundamentals of the physical and chemical processes occurring during air pollutant transport in the atmosphere are nowadays understood to a large extent. In particular, modelling of such processes has experienced a remarkable growth in the last decades. Monitoring capabilities have also improved markedly in the most urban areas around the world. However, neither modelling nor monitoring can solve urban air pollution problems, as they are only a first step in improving useful information for future regulations. The defining of efficient control strategies can not be achieved without a clear knowledge of the complete pollution process, i.e. emission, atmospheric transport and transformation, and deposition at the receptor. Improving our ability to establish valid urban scale source-receptor relation ships has been the objective of SA TURN, one of the 14 subprojects of EURO TRAC-2. Similar to the other subprojects of this co-ordinated environmental pro ject within the EUREKA initiative, SA TURN brought together international groups of scientists to work on problems directly related to atmospheric chemistry and physics. The present volume summarises the scientific results of SATURN.

Download or read book Urban Air Pollution European Aspects written by J. Fenger and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This European Community-initiated book presents an up-to-date account of the air pollution situation with special reference to European cities. Its structure follows by and large the logical chain of events in air pollution, from sources, through dispersion and deposition, to impacts.

Download or read book The Politics of Improving Urban Air Quality written by Wyn Grant and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 1999 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work sets out clearly how to work towards effective policies for improved urban air quality. The authors argue that designing and implementing successful policies requires institution-building that works towards consensus among a range of potentially-divergent interest groups.

Download or read book Urban Air Pollution written by Ivo Allegrini and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the proceedings of a NATO Advanced Research Workshop which was also financially supported by the National Research Council of Italy. The Workshop was held from October 9 to 15, 1994, at the Centro Ettore Maiorana in Erice, Italy. Over 40 researchers from a wide variety of fields attended the Workshop, which brought to attention the ongoing research on various phenomena related to urban air pollution. The presence of high levels of atmospheric pollutants in the air of several urban centres of developed and developing countries causes a great concern among authorities and public opinion. Some 20% of the European population live in cities of more than 500,000 inhabitants and about 40% in cities of more than 50,000. Since exceedance of the Air Quality Guidelines has been observed to occur worldwide, a great effort has been addressed to the control of primary pollutants, but many problems related to secondary pollutants such as nitrogen containing species (nitrogen oxides, nitric and nitrous acid, ni trates) and photochemical oxidants (ozone, PAN and others) are far from being solved. The importance of atmospheric chemistry in understanding the processes occurring in urban atmospheres has been well recognised, thus there is a strong need to exchange experiences and results from urban centres in different Countries. Indeed, atmospheric pollution is very much dependent on the type of emissions which are very different according to the economic development of the urban centre under consideration.

Download or read book Urban Air Pollution Bioindication and Environmental Awareness written by Andreas Klumpp and published by Cuvillier Verlag. This book was released on 2004 with total page 399 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Urban Air Pollution and Forests written by Mark E. Fenn and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At present, roughly half of the world's population lives in urban centers. There are now more than 20 cities with a population of over 10 million inhabitants, compared to less than 5 about 50 years ago. This tendency toward urbanization is expected to continue, particularly in the developing world. A consequence of this growing trend is that millions of people are being exposed to harmful levels of urban air pollutants caused mainly by emissions from motor vehicles and from industrial and domestic activities involving the combustion of fossil fuels. The driving force for the design and implementation of emission control strate gies aimed at improving air quality has been the protection of the health of the population in urban centers. There are, however, other consequences of the pres ence of air pollutants besides the direct effect on human health. Reduced visibil ity, damage to monuments and buildings, and many other such consequences indirectly affect our quality of life. Another set of consequences involves damage to ecological systems. In fact, the nature of "photochemical smog" was first uncovered in the 1950s in connection with observations of its harmful effects on crops and plants in the vicinity of Los Angeles.

Download or read book Urban Air Pollution Modelling written by Michael M. Benarie and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-12-26 with total page 421 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book brings together the methods, models and formulae used for estimating air pollution concentrations in urban areas. From the ForewordThe visible effects of pollution in most cities in the developed countries have been reduced dramatically in the past thirty years. This has been achieved to a large extent by the replacement of most of the low-level sources, which burnt raw coal, by more modern appliances using gas, electricity or low-sulphur oil. The killer smog of 1952 could not be repeated unless there were to be a massive return to old-fashioned heating methods, due, for example, to excessive environmental constraints being applied to the more modern energy sources. It is important, therefore, to judge the impact of a new source in terms of its effect on the pattern of existing sources. One should also consider the environmental consequences of rejecting the new installation and examine the alternatives--that its product may either be denied to the community at large, produced elsewhere or produced using existing facilities. These facilities are probably less efficient and may therefore produce more pollution per unit of product than the new plant would. An objective, quantitative, urban-air-pollution model is clearly an essential component in such a decision-making process. Dr. Benarie has produced a distillation of existing modelling techniques which will, I hope, become the launching pad for many future models. As each city is unique, it will need its own tailor-made model, drawing on the best and the most appropriate techniques developed previously. Agreement with observations is the only real test of validity, because the physics and chemistry are so complicated that theoretical arguments are reduced to the role of assisting in the best formulation of the problem. Numerical precision must always rely on measurement. This is the approach that Dr. Benarie has adopted.--David J. Moore, Central Electricity Research Laboratires, Leatherhead, Surrey, UK.

Download or read book Air Pollution in the Urban Environment written by Canada. Air Pollution Control Directorate and published by Environment Canada, Environmental Protection Service. This book was released on 1973 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Urban Air Quality Management written by Masami Kojima and published by Turtleback. This book was released on 2001-01-01 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examines the contribution of vehicles to urban air pollution, which is a growing problem in many cities in developing countries.

Download or read book Urban Air Pollution in Megacities of the World written by John P. Allen and published by Wiley-Blackwell. This book was released on 1993-01-18 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Urban Air Pollution in Mega Cities of the World d report assesses air quality in 20 of the world's megacities (defined for the purposes of this book as cities with a population of 10 million or more by the year 2000). The report highlights the air quality problems associated with urbanization. These problems are of increasing importance due to projected growth in the urban pollution world-wide and thus the potential increase in the number of people exposed. The issues raised apply not only to current mega-cities but to most rapidly developing urban areas. The cities are; New York City, Los Angeles, New Delhi, Calcutta, Bombay, Cairo/Giza, Karachi, Moscow, London, Seoul, Metro Manila/Quezon City, Beunos Aries, Rio de Janeiro, Sao Paulo, Tokyo/Yokohama, Beijing, Shanghai, Jakarta, Bangkok and Mexico City.

Download or read book Vehicular Air Pollution and Urban Sustainability written by Mary J. Thornbush and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-06-29 with total page 71 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Brief examines the impact of the Oxford Transport Strategy in central Oxford as a means of assessing the effect of reduced traffic congestion in the city centre on its sustainability. Air pollution (from vehicular traffic) has been monitored at three locations in central Oxford on the High Street, St Aldates and St Ebbes (background monitoring station). There is a further monitoring site situated in East Oxford, but this one is not considered to be central. Based on long-term monitoring at these monitoring stations, a deliberation of urban sustainability is presented. Implications are considered for long-term planning and green design in particular is part of the discussion. More specifically, urban greening strategies are presented as (soft engineering) approaches to controlling air pollution problems at this urban location. In the context of low carbon cities, green walls are assessed as they affect urban greening and energy conservation, as they enhance insulation on the exterior of solid wall buildings. Urban sustainability is best monitored using decades of data rather than just years. The Oxford Transport Strategy (OTS) was implemented in central Oxford, UK in 2001 and now a record of at least a decade of monitoring data is available for such a longer-term assessment. This work revisits the OTS from long after its implementation in the Oxford city centre and specifically examines the impact of reduced traffic congestion on sustainability. This includes address of traffic congestion, air pollution (from vehicular or traffic pollution) and the effects on the urban environment, including buildings. In parallel to this, the role of urban vegetation is considered as a sink for a variety of pollutants. Green walls, as part of urban greening, have implications for low carbon cities in the context of urban heat islands and global warming.

Download or read book La qualit de l air en milieu urbain written by Azadeh Kalhori and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: La pollution atmosphérique en milieu urbain est un enjeu majeur dans le monde car, les villes concentrent la majorité de la population du globe à l’heure actuelle. Les villes font de plus en plus l’objet d’études concernant la pollution atmosphérique, ses impacts (les risques sanitaires) et les moyens de réduire la pollution atmosphérique et ses méfaits. Celle-ci varie spatialement et temporellement en ville selon la morphologie des quartiers, les conditions météorologiques et les localisations des sources de polluants. Dès lors, la concentration des polluants doit être définie à une échelle micro-urbaine pour évaluer l’exposition des populations. En effet, cette exposition fait partie d’un concept plus large, la qualité de l'air qui est considérée aujourd’hui comme un élément essentiel du bien-être et de la qualité de vie des citadins. Ces derniers sont d’ailleurs soumis à une exposition délicate à évaluer pendant la journée lors de leurs déplacements, mais aussi à l’intérieur des bâtiments. La perception individuelle de cette pollution durant ses activités quotidiennes, apporte un éclairage intéressant sur le comportement des citadins face à la pollution et à ses interactions avec le bien-être et la qualité de vie individuels. Cette thèse a pour objectif d’évaluer l’éventuelle distorsion entre l’exposition individuelle estimée à la pollution et la perception de celle-ci afin d’identifier des facteurs cognitifs, environnementaux et culturels influençant la perception. A cet égard, en premier lieu, la concentration des polluants a été simulée à l’aide du modèle ADMS-Urban à une échelle intra-urbaine. Il a permis d’obtenir une concentration des polluants en continue à Strasbourg. Ensuite, 200 enquêtes de perception (‘enquête de suivi’) ont été réalisées. Ceci nous a aidé de déterminer les expositions individuelles de la pollution et leur perception dans différents endroits. En mettant en œuvre plusieurs type d’analyse et un SIG, les caractéristiques de la pollution et des comportements des citadins ont été mises en évidences. La confrontation de ces dernières informations a également permis de comprendre la relation complexe entre la perception et la variation de la pollution atmosphérique en ville.

Download or read book Transports contraintes climatiques et pollutions written by Gisèle Escourrou and published by FeniXX. This book was released on 1996-01-01T00:00:00+01:00 with total page 221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gisèle Escourrou, Professeur émérite de l’Université de Paris-Sorbonne, s’est spécialisée dans l’étude des climats urbains, de la pollution atmosphérique et de la climatologie. Les transports sont une des activités économiques les plus liées au climat. D’une part, les fortes précipitations, la neige, le froid, les vents forts perturbent tous les types de circulation. Ces excès climatiques gênent les voies de circulation, détériorent parfois les véhicules, entraînent des accidents et de plus en plus pèsent sur la rentabilité. Ils interviennent différemment selon le moyen de transport et selon les grandes zones climatiques. D’autre part, les transports émettent des polluants. Ces émissions sont dépendantes du type de transport, du véhicule, du carburant. Elles perturbent la qualité de l’air plus ou moins selon les conditions climatiques, l’environnement, l’aménagement urbain. Elles ont une influence néfaste sur l’homme, la végétation, le bâti. Elles risquent de peser sur l’évolution climatique à l’échelle globale (effet de serre, destruction de la couche d’ozone). Une revue des remèdes possibles pour limiter cette pollution termine cet ouvrage. Ce problème de la pollution liée aux moyens de transport représente un des grands problèmes que le vingt et unième siècle aura à résoudre.

Download or read book Un air familier written by Florian Charvolin and published by Presses des Mines via OpenEdition. This book was released on 2017-04-21 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pollutions au mercaptan, particules de moteur diesel dans l'air, odeurs de raffineries, rejets d'anhydrides sulfureux... nous avons tous périodiquement l'impression de vivre dans un monde irrespirable. Cet air, si familier qu'il passe aussi inaperçu que le fait de le respirer, est devenu avec le progrès scientifique et l'industrialisation une affaire d'expertise et de politiques publiques. L'ouvrage montre comment l'air se manifeste dans la vie de nos concitoyens depuis le milieu du xixe siècle : affaire de perception d'abord, de revendication ensuite, et finalement, depuis les années 1950, d'appareillage technique. La population est acteur à plus d'un titre de la politique de l'air, publique comme privée : elle multiplie les plaintes, s'élève contre la pollution chronique, est la destinataire d'informations techniques comme l'indice atmo, mène des actions locales pour lutter contre les gènes, etc. C'est ce que montre cet ouvrage dans une enquête qui associe historien, sociologue, politiste et géographe. Et l'on pourra ainsi se demander si mesurer l'air est une façon d'exprimer sa foi dans la maîtrise « sur » les problèmes environnementaux par la modernisation technique, ou bien si c'est le début d'une exploration plus démocratique de l'homme « dans » son environnement, avec le retour en grâce de la participation des habitants, comme ce fut récemment le cas dans la cartographie des odeurs.