Download or read book Polarization Control for Silicon Photonic Circuits written by Jan Niklas Caspers and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, the field of silicon photonics has received much interest from researchers and companies across the world. The idea is to use photons to transmit information on a computer chip in order to increase computational speed while decreasing the power required for computation. To allow for communication between the chip and other components, such as the computer memory, these silicon photonics circuits need to be interfaced with optical fiber. Unfortunately, in order to interface an optical fiber with an integrated photonics circuit two major challenges need to be overcome: a mode-size mismatch as well as a polarization mismatch. While the problem of mode-size has been well investigated, the polarization mismatch has yet to be addressed. In order to solve the polarization mismatch one needs to gain control over the polarization of the light in a waveguide. In this thesis, I will present the components required to solve the polarization mismatch. Using a novel wave guiding structure, the hybrid plasmonic waveguide, an ultra-compact polarization rotator is designed, fabricated, and tested. The hybrid plasmonic rotator has a performance similar to purely dielectric rotators while being more than an order of magnitude smaller. Additionally, a broadband hybrid plasmonic coupler is designed and measured. This coupler has a performance similar to dielectric couplers while having a footprint an order of magnitude smaller. Finally, a system solution to the polarization mismatch is provided. The system, a polarization adapter, matches the incoming changing polarization from the fiber actively to the correct one of the silicon photonics circuit. The polarization adapter is demonstrated experimentally to prove its operation. This proof is based on dielectric components, but the aforementioned hybrid plasmonic waveguide components would make the system more compact.
Download or read book Handbook of Silicon Photonics written by Laurent Vivien and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2016-04-19 with total page 831 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The development of integrated silicon photonic circuits has recently been driven by the Internet and the push for high bandwidth as well as the need to reduce power dissipation induced by high data-rate signal transmission. To reach these goals, efficient passive and active silicon photonic devices, including waveguide, modulators, photodetectors,
Download or read book Silicon Photonics II written by David J. Lockwood and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-10-13 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is volume II of a series of books on silicon photonics. It gives a fascinating picture of the state-of-the-art in silicon photonics from a component perspective. It presents a perspective on what can be expected in the near future. It is formed from a selected number of reviews authored by world leaders in the field, and is written from both academic and industrial viewpoints. An in-depth discussion of the route towards fully integrated silicon photonics is presented. This book will be useful not only to physicists, chemists, materials scientists, and engineers but also to graduate students who are interested in the fields of micro- and nanophotonics and optoelectronics.
Download or read book Electrically Controlled Optical Polarization Rotation on a Silicon Chip Using Berry s Phase written by Qiang Xu and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the introduction of thin film integrated optics in 1969, the dominant light guiding paradigm has been based on planar optical waveguides. The continued convergence of electronics and photonics on the chip scale can benefit from the voltage control of optical polarization for applications in communications, signal processing, and sensing. It is challenging, however, to electrically manipulate the polarization state of light in planar optical waveguides. Here, we exploit all three physical dimensions by realizing optical waveguides that guide light out-of-plane. Three-dimensional photonic integrated circuits allow access to Berry's phase, a quantum mechanical phenomenon of purely topological origin, enabling electrically tunable optical polarization rotation on the chip-scale for the first time. Devices fabricated in the high-confinement silicon-on-insulator material platform are no longer limited to a single static polarization state. Rather, they can exhibit dynamic tuning of optical polarization between transverse electric and transverse magnetic fundamental modes at infrared wavelengths. Electrical tuning of optical polarization over a 19 dB range of polarization extinction ratio is demonstrated with less than 1 dB of conversion loss. Compact polarization diverse system architectures involving dynamic control of optical polarization in photonic integrated circuits are envisioned.
Download or read book Principles of Photonic Integrated Circuits written by Richard Osgood jr. and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-05-21 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This graduate-level textbook presents the principles, design methods, simulation, and materials of photonic circuits. It provides state-of-the-art examples of silicon, indium phosphide, and other materials frequently used in these circuits, and includes a thorough discussion of all major types of devices. In addition, the book discusses the integrated photonic circuits (chips) that are currently increasingly employed on the international technology market in connection with short-range and long-range data communication. Featuring references from the latest research in the field, as well as chapter-end summaries and problem sets, Principles of Photonic Integrated Circuits is ideal for any graduate-level course on integrated photonics, or optical technology and communication.
Download or read book Silicon Photonics Bloom written by Ozdal Boyraz and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2021-01-21 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The open access journal Micromachines invites manuscript submissions for the Special Issue “Silicon Photonics Bloom”. The past two decades have witnessed a tremendous growth of silicon photonics. Lab-scale research on simple passive component designs is now being expanded by on-chip hybrid systems architectures. With the recent injection of government and private funding, we are living the 1980s of the electronic industry, when the first merchant foundries were established. Soon, we will see more and more merchant foundries proposing well-established electronic design tools, product development kits, and mature component libraries. The open access journal Micromachines invites the submission of manuscripts in the developing area of silicon photonics. The goal of this Special Issue is to highlight the recent developments in this cutting-edge technology.]
Download or read book Control of Optical Polarization and Spatial Distribution in Silicon Waveguides Using Berry s Phase written by Ryan Joseph Patton and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Photonic integrated circuits (PICs) are poised to bring about a technological paradigm shift akin to the micro-electronics revolution of the late 20th century. Emerging applications include next generation telecommunication networks and data centers, quantum computers, autonomous vehicles, and lab-on-a-chip systems. Co-integration of photonics and electronics on the same chip enables advanced technologies by using high-speed electrical signals to control the properties of light such as intensity, wavelength, phase, polarization, and spatial distribution. To date, most photonic ICs operate with the fundamental quasi-traverse-electric or quasi-transverse-magnetic polarization, but lack dynamic polarization control capable of synthesizing arbitrary polarizations. Current integrated polarization controllers suffer from at least one of the following: insertion losses of up to 3 dB, inability to generate all polarizations, or narrow optical bandwidth. To overcome these limitations, we leverage silicon optical waveguides that exhibit Berry’s phase, a topological effect that is inherently broadband and low loss. We develop a design framework for an integrated polarization state generator and numerically demonstrate generation of all possible polarizations with an output polarization extinction ratio that can be tuned over ±30 dB at telecommunication wavelengths. Our approach utilizes a single continuous waveguide such that insertion loss is primarily due to propagation loss. To extend our approach to control of light’s spatial degree of freedom, we examine guided light from the perspective of angular momentum, where the polarization and spatial degrees of freedom correspond to light’s spin and orbital angular momentum, respectively. We uncover novel features of light’s angular momentum in integrated waveguides which are of fundamental and technological interest. We leverage our results to demonstrate conversion between the higher order E_21^x and E_12^x modes via Berry’s phase, generation of guided light with orbital angular momentum, and azimuthal force on a dielectric particle. Controlling light’s polarization and spatial properties in guided wave devices adds powerful functionality to PICs and is particularly promising for (a) quantum computing where qubits can be encoded on both the polarization and spatial degrees of freedom (b) on-chip sensors for analytes that are sensitive to the polarization and spatial properties of light, such as chiral molecules, and (c) on-chip manipulation of particles or cells for micro-machines, opto-fluidic pumps, and advanced biological applications. In summary, this dissertation aims to advance the state-of-the-art in control of optical polarization and spatial distribution on chip, enabling disruptive PICs for next generation technologies.
Download or read book Polarization Branching Control for SOI Photonic Integrated Circuits by Using Horizontal Slot Waveguide Structure written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Silicon Photonics Design written by Lukas Chrostowski and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-03-12 with total page 439 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From design and simulation through to testing and fabrication, this hands-on introduction to silicon photonics engineering equips students with everything they need to begin creating foundry-ready designs. In-depth discussion of real-world issues and fabrication challenges ensures that students are fully equipped for careers in industry. Step-by-step tutorials, straightforward examples, and illustrative source code fragments guide students through every aspect of the design process, providing a practical framework for developing and refining key skills. Offering industry-ready expertise, the text supports existing PDKs for CMOS UV-lithography foundry services (OpSIS, ePIXfab, imec, LETI, IME and CMC) and the development of new kits for proprietary processes and clean-room based research. Accompanied by additional online resources to support students, this is the perfect learning package for senior undergraduate and graduate students studying silicon photonics design, and academic and industrial researchers involved in the development and manufacture of new silicon photonics systems.
Download or read book Special Topics in Information Technology written by Luigi Piroddi and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-01-01 with total page 151 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book presents thirteen outstanding doctoral dissertations in Information Technology from the Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Italy. Information Technology has always been highly interdisciplinary, as many aspects have to be considered in IT systems. The doctoral studies program in IT at Politecnico di Milano emphasizes this interdisciplinary nature, which is becoming more and more important in recent technological advances, in collaborative projects, and in the education of young researchers. Accordingly, the focus of advanced research is on pursuing a rigorous approach to specific research topics starting from a broad background in various areas of Information Technology, especially Computer Science and Engineering, Electronics, Systems and Control, and Telecommunications. Each year, more than 50 PhDs graduate from the program. This book gathers the outcomes of the thirteen best theses defended in 2020-21 and selected for the IT PhD Award. Each of the authors provides a chapter summarizing his/her findings, including an introduction, description of methods, main achievements and future work on the topic. Hence, the book provides a cutting-edge overview of the latest research trends in Information Technology at Politecnico di Milano, presented in an easy-to-read format that will also appeal to non-specialists.
Download or read book Reconfigurable Integrated Photonic Circuits on Silicon written by Seyed Payam Alipour Motaallem and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Integrated optics as a platform for signal processing offers significant benefits such as large bandwidth, low loss, and a potentially high degree of reconfigurability. Silicon (Si) has unique advantages as a material platform for integration, as well as properties such as a strong thermo-optic mechanism that allows for the realization of highly reconfigurable photonic systems. Chapter 1 is devoted to the discussion of these advantages, and Chapter 2 provides the theoretical background for the analysis of integrated Si-photonic devices. The thermo-optic property of Si, while proving extremely useful in facilitating reconfiguration, can turn into a nuisance when there is a need for thermally stable devices on the photonic chip. Chapter 3 presents a technique for resolving this issue without relying on a dynamic temperature stabilization process. Temperature-insensitive (or "athermal") Si microdisk resonators with low optical loss are realized by using a polymer overlayer whose thermo-optic property is opposite to that of Si, and TiO2 is introduced as an alternative to polymer to deal with potential CMOS-compatibility issues. Chapter 4 demonstrates an ultra-compact, low-loss, fully reconfigurable, and high-finesse integrated photonic filter implemented on a Si chip, which can be used for RF-photonic as well as purely optical signal processing purposes. A novel, thermally reconfigurable reflection suppressor is presented in Chapter 5 for on-chip feedback elimination which can be critical for mitigating spurious interferences and protecting lasers from disturbance. Chapter 6 demonstrates a novel device for on-chip control of optical fiber polarization. Chapter 7 deals with select issues in the implementation of Si integrated photonic circuits. Chapter 8 concludes the dissertation.
Download or read book Advanced Silicon Photonic Device Architectures for Optical Communications written by Wesley Sacher and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Silicon Micro and Nano Photonic Devices for Photonic Integrated Circuits written by Deepak Simili and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Silicon photonics has the potential to provide compact sized, high performance photonic devices to enable low cost photonic integrated circuits for telecom, datacom and other high data rate applications. Silicon as a material has a mature fabrication process developed over the years from the electronics industry, leading to smaller device sizes of the order of micrometers with precise control and lower costs compared to other photonic materials such as III/V group semiconductors and optical crystals such as Lithium Niobate. In this thesis, silicon photonic devices on micron and 220 nm scale thicknesses are described. A novel shallow etch polarization beam splitter in micron scale silicon photonics has been designed. The nominal design has excellent device performance of low excess loss below 0.4 dB for TE and TM polarizations and polarization extinction ratio greater than 15 dB over the telecom C band of 1530-1565 nm. In addition, the nominal design is robust to fabrication error of +/- 10 nm in etch depth variation and +/- 50 nm in waveguide width variation. In nanometer scale silicon photonics, novel design of a high performance electro-optic modulator using the ultrafast electro-optic Kerr effect in silicon nanocrystals is described. Analysis of the modulator indicates a high data rate transmission of 90 Gb/s with low energy consumption of 25.13 fJ/bit and a compact ring resonator structure having a diameter of 40 micrometers. In addition, theory, design simulation, fabrication and experimental characterization of Mach Zehnder Interferometer (MZI) circuits and slot waveguide Bragg grating structures have been described on 220 nm silicon thickness. A novel slow light propagation loss of 5.1 dB/mm with group index of 12.38 near 1555 nm wavelength has been experimentally obtained in slot waveguide Bragg gratings with internal corrugation. This leads to an excellent phase shifter performance for high performance electro-optic modulators and integrated-optic sensing applications.
Download or read book Silicon Photonics Design written by Lukas Chrostowski and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-03-12 with total page 439 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This hands-on introduction to silicon photonics engineering equips students with everything they need to begin creating foundry-ready designs.
Download or read book Shaping Light in Nonlinear Optical Fibers written by Sonia Boscolo and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-05-30 with total page 486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a contemporary overview of selected topics in fiber optics. It focuses on the latest research results on light wave manipulation using nonlinear optical fibers, with the aim of capturing some of the most innovative developments on this topic. The book’s scope covers both fundamentals and applications from both theoretical and experimental perspectives, with topics including linear and nonlinear effects, pulse propagation phenomena and pulse shaping, solitons and rogue waves, novel optical fibers, supercontinuum generation, polarization management, optical signal processing, fiber lasers, optical wave turbulence, light propagation in disordered fiber media, and slow and fast light. With contributions from leading-edge scientists in the field of nonlinear photonics and fiber optics, they offer an overview of the latest advances in their own research area. The listing of recent research papers at the end of each chapter is useful for researchers using the book as a reference. As the book addresses fundamental and practical photonics problems, it will also be of interest to, and benefit, broader academic communities, including areas such as nonlinear science, applied mathematics and physics, and optical engineering. It offers the reader a wide and critical overview of the state-of-the-art within this practical – as well as fundamentally important and interesting – area of modern science, providing a useful reference which will encourage further research and advances in the field.
Download or read book Polarization Manipulation in Femtosecond Laser Direct Written Waveguides in Fused Silica written by Kim Alina Lammers and published by . This book was released on 2022* with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using ultrashort laser pulses to create refractive index modifications in transparent materials has become a popular method for fabricating integrated photonic circuits, since it allows three-dimensional structuring and rapid prototyping. While the precise control of the light propagation path in such laser direct written photonic circuits has been subject of numerous investigations, the control of the light's polarization has rarely been examined. At the same time, achieving full control over the light's polarization in a photonic circuit is crucial for using this degree of freedom to encode information. The goal of this theses is to demonstrate ways of achieving this polarization control in femtosecond laser direct written circuits in fused silica. To ensure that a waveguide does not alter the polarization state (and thereby the information content) of transmitted light, the waveguide should exhibit minimal birefringence and minimal losses. For this purpose, the influence of different beam shaping methods for the inscription laser on the waveguide's optical properties are investigated. Waveguides with lowest losses at a low birefringence were achieved using an anamorphic zoom system. Furthermore, two concepts for embedding compact polarization manipulating elements into the waveguides are presented. Firstly, it is shown that the self-ordered material modification “nanograting” can be used to create embedded waveplates, where the optical properties are determined by the laser inscription parameters during the fabrication process. The obtained structures can be used not only for classical applications, but also as single qubit quantum gates, which is demonstrated using single photon experiments. The second concept for embedding polarization manipulating elements into waveguides is based on liquid crystals, which allow active reconfiguration of the optical circuit after inscription and a dynamic change of the polarization state in a waveguide.
Download or read book Femtosecond Laser Micromachining written by Roberto Osellame and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-03-05 with total page 485 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Femtosecond laser micromachining of transparent material is a powerful and versatile technology. In fact, it can be applied to several materials. It is a maskless technology that allows rapid device prototyping, has intrinsic three-dimensional capabilities and can produce both photonic and microfluidic devices. For these reasons it is ideally suited for the fabrication of complex microsystems with unprecedented functionalities. The book is mainly focused on micromachining of transparent materials which, due to the nonlinear absorption mechanism of ultrashort pulses, allows unique three-dimensional capabilities and can be exploited for the fabrication of complex microsystems with unprecedented functionalities.This book presents an overview of the state of the art of this rapidly emerging topic with contributions from leading experts in the field, ranging from principles of nonlinear material modification to fabrication techniques and applications to photonics and optofluidics.
