Download or read book Physiological Ecology of Tropical Plants written by Ulrich Lüttge and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This richly illustrated text covers the ecophysiology of plants of all major tropical ecosystems, from tropical rain forests, epiphytic habitats, mangroves and savannas to salinas, inselbergs and paramos and their ecophysiological adaptation to these different tropical environments. The physiognomy of biotopes and characteristic life forms of plants are depicted with photographs.
Download or read book Physiological ecology of plants of the wet tropics written by Ernesto Medina and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains the results of a Symposium on the physiological ecology of plants of the lowland wet tropics held in Mexico in June 1983 organized by the Instituto de Biologla of the National University of M"exico (U. N . A. M. ), and sponsored by UNAM, CONACYT, NSF and UNESCO (CIET). A workshop portion of the Symposium was held at the tropical research station at Los Tuxtlas, Veracruz. This Symposium originated in response to the increasing interest in the physiological ecology of tropical plants, because of the potential. of this field to provide a basic understanding of functioning of tropical plant communities. The study of physiological ecology of tropical plants has been delayed in some cases by the lack of conceptual framework, but also by the absence of appropriate instrumentation and techniques with which to conduct precise measurements under high temperature, high humidity field conditions. Hypotheses and concepts of the physiological ecology of tropical plants have been based mainly on observational data and the analysis of growth forms and leaf anatomf. The early work of A. F. W. Schimper and o. Stocker in Asia, and the extensive surveys made by H. Walter on the osmotic potentials of plants in the tropics and subtropics, constituted, until relatively recently, the only available information on the water and carbon relations of tropical plants.
Download or read book Physiological Ecology of North American Plant Communities written by Brain F. Chabot and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 704 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although, as W.D. Billings notes in his chapter in this book. the development of physiological ecology can be traced back to the very beginnings of the study of ecology it is clear that the modern development of this field in North America is due in the large part to the efforts of Billings alone. The foundation that Billings laid in the late 1950s came from his own studies on deserts and subsequently arctic and alpine plants, and also from his enormous success in instilling enthusiasm for the field in the numerous students attracted to the plant ecology program at Duke University. Billings' own studies provided the model for subsequent work in this field. Physiological techniques. normally confined to the laboratory. were brought into the field to examine processes under natural environmental conditions. These field studies were accompanied by experiments under controlled conditions where the relative impact of various factors could be assessed and further where genetic as opposed to environmental influences could be separated. This blending of field and laboratory approaches promoted the design of experiments which were of direct relevance to understanding the distribution and abundance of plants in nature. Physiological mechanisms were studied and assessed in the context of the functioning of plants under natural conditions rather than as an end in itself.
Download or read book Physiological Ecology of Plants of the Wet Tropics written by E. Medina and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Tropical Forest Plant Ecophysiology written by Stephen S. Mulkey and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 687 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Taking readers out of the laboratory and into the humid tropical forests, this comprehensive volume explores the most recent advances occurring in tropical plant ecophysiology. Drawing on the knowledge of leading practitioners in the field, this book synthesizes a broad range of information on the ways in which tropical plants adapt to their environment and demonstrate unique physiological processes. This book is arranged into four sections which cover resource acquisition, species interactions, ecophysiological patterns within and among tropical forest communities, and the ecophysiology of forest regeneration. These sections describe plant function in relation to ecology across a wide spectrum of tropical forest species and growth forms. How do different species harvest and utilize resources from heterogeneous tropical environments? How do patterns of functional diversity reflect the overwhelming taxonomic and morphological diversity of tropical forest plants? Such fundamental questions are examined in rich detail. To illuminate the discussions further, every chapter in this book features an agenda for future research, extensive cross referencing, timely references, and the integration of ecophysiology and the demography of tropical species where the data exist. Tropical Forest Plant Ecophysiology provides plant scientists, botanists, researchers, and graduate students with important insights into the behavior of tropical plants. Biologists and foresters interested in tropical ecology and plant physiological ecologists will also benefit from this authoritative and timely resource.
Download or read book Vascular Epiphytes written by David H. Benzing and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2008-01-07 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This synthesis of the growing body of information from research on epiphytes and their relations with other tropical biota provides a comprehensive overview of basic functions, life history, evolution, and the place of epiphytes in complex tropical communities. Epiphytes comprise more than one-third of the tropical vascular flora in some tropical forests. Growing within tropical forest canopies, epiphytes are subject to severe environmental constraints, and their diverse adaptations make them a rich resource for studies of water balance, nutrition, reproduction and evolution.
Download or read book Tropical Tree Physiology written by Guillermo Goldstein and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-03-04 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the latest information on tropical tree physiology, making it a valuable research tool for a wide variety of researchers. It is also of general interest to ecologists (e.g. Ecological Society of America; > 3000 or 4000 members at annual meeting), physiologists (e.g. American Society of Plant Biologists; > 2,000 members at annual meeting), and tropical biologists (e.g. Association for Tropical Biology and Conservation, ATBC; > 500 members at annual meeting). (American Geophysical Union(AGU), > 20000 members at annual meeting). Since plant physiology is taught at every university that offers a life sciences, forestry or agricultural program, and physiology is a focus at research institutes and agencies worldwide, the book is a must-have for university and research institution libraries.
Download or read book Physiological Ecology of Forest Production written by J. J. Landsberg and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2010-11-26 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Process-based models open the way to useful predictions of the future growth rate of forests and provide a means of assessing the probable effects of variations in climate and management on forest productivity. As such they have the potential to overcome the limitations of conventional forest growth and yield models, which are based on mensuration data and assume that climate and atmospheric CO2 concentrations will be the same in the future as they are now. This book discusses the basic physiological processes that determine the growth of plants, the way they are affected by environmental factors and how we can improve processes that are well-understood such as growth from leaf to stand level and productivity. A theme that runs through the book is integration to show a clear relationship between photosynthesis, respiration, plant nutrient requirements, transpiration, water relations and other factors affecting plant growth that are often looked at separately. This integrated approach will provide the most comprehensive source for process-based modelling, which is valuable to ecologists, plant physiologists, forest planners and environmental scientists. Includes explanations of inherently mathematical models, aided by the use of graphs and diagrams illustrating causal interactions and by examples implemented as Excel spreadsheets Uses a process-based model as a framework for explaining the mechanisms underlying plant growth Integrated approach provides a clear and relatively simple treatment
Download or read book Tropical Forest Plant Ecophysiology written by Stephen S Mulkey and published by . This book was released on 1996-06-30 with total page 696 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Physiological Ecology of the Alpine Timberline written by W. Tranquillini and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the European Alps the importance of forests as protection against ava lanches and soil erosion is becoming ever clearer with the continuing increase in population and development of tourism. The protective potential of the moun tain forests can currently only be partially realised because a considerable propor tion of high-altitude stands has been destroyed in historical times by man's extensive clearing ofthe forests. The forests still remaining are of limited effec tiveness, due to inadequate density of trees and over-maturity. Considerable efforts, however, are now being made in the Alps and other mountains of the globe to increase the high-altitude forested area through reforestation, to raise depressed timberlines, and to restore remaining protection forests using suit able silvicultural methods to their full protective value. This momentous task, if it is to be successful, must be planned on a sound foundation. An important prerequisite is the assembly of scientific facts con cerning the physical environment in the protection forest zone of mountains, and the course of various life processes of tree species occurring there. Since the introduction of practical field techniques it has been possible to investigate successfully the reaction of trees at various altitudes to recorded factors, and the extent to which they are adapted to the measured situations. Such ecophysio logical studies enable us to recognize the site requirements for individual tree species, and the reasons for the limits of their natural distribution.
Download or read book C4 Plant Biology written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1998-12-21 with total page 616 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Due to many issues related to long-term carbon dynamics, an improved understanding of the biology of C4 photosynthesis is required by more than the traditional audience of crop scientists, plant physiologists, and plant ecologists. This work synthesizes the latest developments in C4 biochemistry, physiology, systematics, and ecology. The book concludes with chapters discussing the role of C4 plants in the future development of the biosphere, particularly their interactive effects on soil, hydrological, and atmospheric processes.
Download or read book Plant Physiological Ecology written by Hans Lambers and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-10-08 with total page 624 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Box 9E. 1 Continued FIGURE 2. The C–S–R triangle model (Grime 1979). The strategies at the three corners are C, competiti- winning species; S, stress-tolerating s- cies; R,ruderalspecies. Particular species can engage in any mixture of these three primary strategies, and the m- ture is described by their position within the triangle. comment briefly on some other dimensions that Grime’s (1977) triangle (Fig. 2) (see also Sects. 6. 1 are not yet so well understood. and 6. 3 of Chapter 7 on growth and allocation) is a two-dimensional scheme. A C—S axis (Com- tition-winning species to Stress-tolerating spe- Leaf Economics Spectrum cies) reflects adaptation to favorable vs. unfavorable sites for plant growth, and an R- Five traits that are coordinated across species are axis (Ruderal species) reflects adaptation to leaf mass per area (LMA), leaf life-span, leaf N disturbance. concentration, and potential photosynthesis and dark respiration on a mass basis. In the five-trait Trait-Dimensions space,79%ofallvariation worldwideliesalonga single main axis (Fig. 33 of Chapter 2A on photo- A recent trend in plant strategy thinking has synthesis; Wright et al. 2004). Species with low been trait-dimensions, that is, spectra of varia- LMA tend to have short leaf life-spans, high leaf tion with respect to measurable traits. Compared nutrient concentrations, and high potential rates of mass-based photosynthesis. These species with category schemes, such as Raunkiaer’s, trait occur at the ‘‘quick-return’’ end of the leaf e- dimensions have the merit of capturing cont- nomics spectrum.
Download or read book Physiological Plant Ecology written by Walter Larcher and published by Springer. This book was released on 1980 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the first edition of this book appeared the field of plant physiology and ecology has advanced so far as to call for a complete revision of the material. To the extent that they could be accommodated in an introductory text, the requests and critical comments of users and reviewers of the original edition have been taken into account. The chapters have been rear ranged; a survey of the effects of the physical environmental fac tors radiation and heat, and the plants' responses to them, is giv en in Chapter 2, whereas the chemical factors are treated in the chapters on metabolism and the turnover of matter. The ecophysiology of tropical plants and of plants growing in arid re gions has been more strongly emphasized. The environmental influences affecting growth and development are mentioned occasionally, but are not discussed in such detail as those affect ing metabolism, for as a rule the former are treated extensively in textbooks of plant physiology. References to ecosystems have been omitted to permit a sharper focus upon physiological relationships. I hope that the book will continue to be useful in this new form. It is not intended as - nor could it be - a comprehensive textbook of plant ecology; it is one of many possible ways of presenting what is known in the field. Many readers of the first edition have asked for expansion of the reference list.
Download or read book Physiological Plant Ecology written by Malcolm C. Press and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2002-08 with total page 510 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The last decade has seen rapid and major advances in our understanding of the physiological ecology of plants. This volume reviews some of these advances and new challenges. The chapters cover five broad themes: resource acquisition and utilization; interactions between organisms; responses to global environmental changes; ecosystems; and integration and scaling. This book brings together an unrivalled collection of leading practitioners in the discipline from North America, Europe and Australia and adopts a broad approach, ranging from the molecular to the ecosystem level. It has proven a valuable tool for researchers and advanced students in the discipline.
Download or read book Perspectives in Biophysical Plant Ecophysiology written by William Kirby Smith and published by UNAM. This book was released on 2009 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Park S. Nobel pioneered the coupling of cellular physical chemistry with plant physiology, providing a sound physicochemical interpretation of the laws of diffusion to a rapidly expanding field of plant physiological ecology. His classical textbook is the only one of its kind to provide an extensive array of quantitative problems and solutions in the field of plant biophysics and ecophysiology, extending from the molecular to the ecological level. In this festschrift, former graduate students and postdocs, as well as colleagues of Prof. Nobel present a series of reviews that include scales from sub-cellular to global, and topics that range from desert succulent biology to the physiology of alpine plants, encompassing basic research and applications in agronomy and conservation biology. This state-of-the-field survey provides current and useful information for professionals and graduate students, while illustrating the broad span of the influence that Nobel's career has had on modern ecophysiology.
Download or read book Physiological Plant Ecology written by M. Aragno and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1981 with total page 654 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fundamentals of radiation and temperature relations. Photosynthetically active radiation. Responses to different quantum flux densities. Non-photosynthetic responses to light quality. Responses to photoperiod. Plant response to solar ultraviolet radiation. Responses to ionizing radiation. The aquatic environment. Responses to light in aquatic plants. Responses of macrophytes to temperature. Responses of microorganisms to temperature. Responses to extreme temperatures. cellular and sub-cellular bases. Ecological significance of resistance to low temperature. Ecological significance of resistance to high temperature. Wind as an ecological factor. Fire as an ecological factor. The soil environment. Water in the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum. Water in tissues and cells. Water uptake and flow in roots. Water uptake by organs other than roots. Transport and storage of water. Resistance of plant surfaces to water loss: transport properties of cutin, suberin and associated lipids. Stomatal responses, water loss and CO2,-assimilation rates of plants in contrasting environments. Mathematical models of plant water loss and plant water relations. Physiological responses to moderate water stress. Desiccation-tolerance. Frost drought and its ecological significance. Environmental aspects of the germination of seeds. Environmental aspects of the germination of spores. Physiological responses to flooding. Functional significance of different pathaways of CO2 fixation in photosynthesis. Modelling of photosynthetic response to environmental conditions. Regulation of water use relation to carbon gain in higher plants. Plant life forms and their carbon, water and nutrient relations. The ionic environment and plant ionic relations. Osmoregulation. Halotolerant eukaryotes. Halotolerant prokaryotes. Physiology and ecology of nitrogen nutrition. Influence of limestone, silicates and soil pH on plants. Toxicity and tolerance in the response of plants to metals. Ecophysiology of N2-fixing systems. Ecophysiology of mycorrhizal symbioses. Ecophysiology of lichen symbioses. Interactions between plants and animals in marine systems. Ecophysiology of carnivorous plants. Host-parasite interactions in higher plants. Virus ecology - 'struggle' of the genes. Ecophysiology of zoophilic pollination. Physiological ecology of fruits and their seeds. physiological and ecological implications of herbivory. Interactions between plants. Nutrient allocation in plant communities: mineral cycling in terrestrial ecosystems. Nutrient cycling in freshwater ecosystems. Nutrient cycling in marine ecosystems. Modelling of growth and production. Productivity of agricultural systems. Productivity of grassland and tundra. Productivity of desert and mediterranean-climate plants. Productivity of temperate deciduous and evergreen forests. Productivity of tropical forests and tropical woodlands. Phytoplankton productivity in aquatic ecosystems. Effects of biocides and growth regulators: physiological basis. Effects of biocides and growth regulators: ecological implications. Eutrophication processes and pollution of fresh water ecosystems including waste heat.
Download or read book Physiological Plant Ecology written by Walter Larcher and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2003-01-22 with total page 540 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With contributions by numerous experts.
