Download or read book Phylogenetic Analysis for Fusarium Head Blight in Wheat and Barley written by Kavita Goswami and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2012-06 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Destructive disease of wheat and barley in Montana and in most wheat-growing regions around the world. The primary symptom of the disease is bleaching of some of the florets in the head before maturity. Severe infections can cause premature blight or bleaching of the entire spike or head. there symptoms include tan to brown discoloration at the base of the head, a pink or orange color mole at the base of the florets under moist conditions, and kernels that are shrivelled, white, and chalky in appearance. Visible expression of FHB is observed in heads.
Download or read book Fusarium Head Blight of Wheat and Barley written by Kurt J. Leonard and published by American Phytopathological Society. This book was released on 2003 with total page 544 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book provides a comprehensive record of current knowledge on the nature of Fusarium head blight, the damage it causes, and current research on how to control it. The book begins with a historical account of Fusarium head blight epidemics that gives context to recent attempts to control epidemics in wheat and barley. A review of pathogen taxonomy and population biology helps scientists to see relationships among head blight pathogens and other Fusarium species. The information on epidemiology included in this review also provides an understanding of the weather conditions and cultural practices that promote explosive epidemics. New information on infection processes will lead the reader to a better understanding of how to breed for resistance in wheat and barley.
Download or read book Fusarium Head Blight in Latin America written by Teresa M. Alconada Magliano and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-09-07 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fusarium head blight (FHB) on small-grain cereals is one of the most devastating diseases. Several species can cause head blight, though Fusarium graminearum is the predominant pathogen in most regions. F. graminearum is one of the most intensively studied fungal plant pathogens. This book presents the current state of knowledge regarding mycological aspects that make wheat-Fusarium interaction, such as hyphal growth, morphogenesis in germinating spores, visualization of enzymatic hydrolysis, production of mycotoxins, inhibition of the hyphal growth by antagonist microorganisms, use of natural substances or by modification of the host resistance, as well as genetic analysis and expression of genes that regulate the infection. Fungal ecology and epidemiology will also be discussed. Just as the analysis of environmental requirements for the establishment of the disease, the use of forecasts of disease risk with meteorological base and integrated management and control. This book includes the study of disease in Latin America, therefore will be of interest to researchers who are working on the issue, as for those who are interested in knowing about the disease.
Download or read book Transcriptome Analysis of Wheat and Barley Near isogenic Line Pairs Carrying Contrasting Alleles for Different Fusarium Head Blight Resistance QTLs written by Haiyan Jia and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Genetics of Fusarium Head Blight Kernel Discoloration and Grain Protein Content in Barley written by Paulo Cesar Canci and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Identifying Wheat and Barley Seed Affected by Fusarium Head Blight written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Global Fusarium Initiative for International Collaboration written by Tomohiro Ban and published by CIMMYT. This book was released on 2006 with total page 147 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Wheat Blast written by Sudheer Kumar and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-04-09 with total page 157 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wheat Blast provides systematic and practical information on wheat blast pathology, summarises research progress and discusses future perspectives based on current understanding of the existing issues. The book explores advance technologies that may help in deciding the path for future research and development for better strategies and techniques to manage the wheat blast disease. It equips readers with basic and applied understanding on the identification of disease, its distribution and chances of further spread in new areas, its potential to cause yield losses to wheat, the conditions that favour disease development, disease prediction modelling, resistance breeding methods and management strategies against wheat blast. Features: Provides comprehensive information on wheat blast pathogen and its management under a single umbrella Covers disease identification and diagnostics which will be helpful to check introduction in new areas Discusses methods and protocol to study the different aspects of the disease such as diagnostics, variability, resistance screening, epiphytotic creation etc. Gives deep insight on the past, present and future outlook of wheat blast research progress This book’s chapters are contributed by experts and pioneers in their respective fields and it provides comprehensive insight with updated findings on wheat blast research. It serves as a valuable reference for researchers, policy makers, students, teachers, farmers, seed growers, traders, and other stakeholders dealing with wheat.
Download or read book Resistance Gene Identification in Barley Against Fusarium Head Blight Based on Metabolo transcriptomics Approach written by Shailesh Karre Satyanarayana gupta and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Barley is one of the important cereal food crops in the world, mainly due to its wonderful versatility. Fusarium head blight (FHB) caused by Fusarium graminearum is considered as one of the biggest problems in barley production, because it leads to serious yield loss and also mycotoxin contamination of grains. The management of FHB is a great challenge in barley and wheat production worldwide. Though barley genome sequences and advanced omics technologies are available, till date none of the resistance mechanisms has been successfully deciphered. Hence, this study was aimed at identifying candidate gene(s) and elucidating resistance mechanisms induced by barley resistant genotype 'CI9831' based on integrated OMICS approach. Preliminary results from metabolo-transcriptomics platform identified accumulation of specific set of induced secondary metabolites and upregulation of biosynthetic genes in the phenylpropanoid, hydroxycinnamic acid (HCAA) and jasmonic acid pathways. In addition, several regulatory genes such chitin elicitor receptor kinase (HvCERK1), MAPK kinases like HvMPK3 and HvMKS1, and transcription factors such as HvERF1/5, HvNAC42, HvWRKY23 and HvWRKY70 were also upregulated following pathogen inoculation. Sequencing studies and expression analysis of four barley genotypes identified HvCERK1 and HvWRKY23 as two candidate genes, which were found functional in resistant genotype 'CI9831'. Functional validation of HvCERK1 and HvWRKY23 based on virus induced gene silencing (VIGS), not only increased fungal biomass in resistant genotype 'CI9831', but also identified respective downstream targets at gene and metabolite levels. In silico and in vivo protein-DNA interaction studies revealed the transcriptional regulation of downstream biosynthetic genes such as HvPAL2, HvCHS1, HvHCT, HvLAC15 and HvUDPGT which are the biosynthetic genes of resistant related (RR) metabolites belonging to flavonoid and HCAA pathways. Among several FHB related studies in barley, this is the first study to report the role of receptor gene, HvCERK1 and transcription factor, HvWRKY23 in regulating biosynthesis of RR metabolites that directly suppressed the pathogen progress in plant. Thus identified candidate genes can further be transferred to susceptible genotypes, either through molecular breeding or genome editing based on CRISPR-Cas9 system. " --
Download or read book Genetic Studies of Fusarium Head Blight Resistance in the Winter Wheat Cultivar Ernie written by Shuyu Liu and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fusarium head blight (FHB), also called scab, mainly caused by the fungus Fusarium graminearum Schwabe [telomorph: Gibberella zeae Schw. (Petch)], is a serious disease that affects wheat ( Triticum aestivum L. and T. durum L.) and barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.) in warm, humid areas of the world. Yield losses in the United States during the 1990s were close to $3.0 billion. Genetic resistance is the most effective and economical solution to the yield and quality losses, however, breeding is hindered by a lack of resistance genes. Current genetic studies and breeding programs are focusing on the Chinese cultivar 'Sumai 3' and its derivatives. 'Ernie', a soft red winter wheat cultivar, was released from the Missouri Agricultural Experiment Station in 1995. It has a high level of FHB resistance, yet the genetics of its resistance are not well understood. This research was designed to study the genetics of FHB resistance in Ernie through both molecular and conventional approaches. A set of 244 F 8 recombinant inbred lines were developed from the cross Ernie/MO 94-317. Four assessments of type II FHB resistance including spread, spread with wilt, the Fusarium head blight index (FHBI), and FHBI with wilt were made. All were highly significantly correlated with coefficients ranging from 0.699** to 0.915**. The number of effective factors for FHB resistance in Ernie was estimated as two for spread and four for FHBI. Five QTLs were identified on five different chromosomes (2B, 3B, 4BL, 5A, and 5DL) which were linked to FHBI and FHBI with wilt. The QTLs with larger effects for FHB resistance were on chromosomes 4BL, 5A, and 5DL and explained 10 to 33% of the phenotypic variation. The QTL on 5A was also associated with disease spread and spread with wilt and explained 10 to 12% of the phenotypic variation. All FHB resistant alleles were from Ernie. Multiple regression indicated that these five QTLs explained 36 to 37% of the phenotypic variation for FHBI and FHBI with wilt, respectively. Significant interactions between markers were included in the model and explained 53.8% and 43.2% of the total variation for these two traits, respectively. Based on the chromosome locations, linked markers, and the magnitude of their effects, the QTLs in Ernie differ from those in Sumai 3. Three QTLs for days to flower were identified on chromosomes 2A, 2DS, and 5B. The major QTL on 2DS explained 61.9% of the phenotypic variation. One QTL was also detected on 5AL for absence of awns. The major QTL on 2DS was common between days to flower and spike length; however, neither was common with QTLs for FHB resistance. Generation mean and variance analyses were done on six generations including the parents, F 1 (Ernie/MO 94-317), BC 1 (F 1 /Ernie), BC 2 (F 1 /MO 94-317), and the F 2 . Additive effects were the major effects for both spread and FHBI. Broad-sense heritability estimates for the F 2 were 78.2% and 78.3% for spread and FHBI, respectively, while the narrow-sense heritabilities were 51.3% and 55.4%, respectively. Because of the additivity of these genetic effects, we concluded that pyramiding the genes from Ernie with those from other sources of resistance should enhance the level of FHB resistance in wheat.
Download or read book Interaction of Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus Luteoviridae and Fusarium Species on Fusarium Head Blight Development in Wheat written by Yang Liu and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Genus Fusarium written by Wolfgang Gerlach and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Genetic Diversity Mapping and Heritability Studies Related to Fusarium Head Blight Resistance in Barley written by Kenneth Edward Lamb and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Continuing Battle Between Wheat and Fusarium Graminearum written by Amarasinghe Chami and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fusarium head blight (FHB) continues to threaten the economic sustainability of wheat and barley production in Canada and worldwide. The overall goal of this thesis is to expand our current knowledge of the FHB pathogen, Fusarium graminearum and its trichothecene chemotype diversity. Continuous monitoring of trichothecene chemotypes may well inform on the potential risk and the type of Fusarium populations present in a given region. Fusarium populations in Winnipeg and Carman, Manitoba were examined using chemotype as a marker in the field. Rapid expansion of the 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol (3-ADON) chemotype was observed in Winnipeg and Carman. 3-ADON chemotype is consistently found at high frequencies over the previously common 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol (15-ADON) chemotype, suggesting that the shift in pathogen populations is continuing. This study provides the first evidence on the presence of nivalenol (NIV) producing F. cerealis strains in winter wheat in Manitoba, Canada. Therefore, discovery of NIV producing F. cerealis in wheat poses a serious concern for the wheat industry in Canada. Phylogenetic, chemotypic, phenotypic, and pathogenic abilities of 150 strains of F. graminearum species complex (FGSC) from eight countries were investigated. Type and amount of trichothecenes produced by a strain are key factors in determining the level of aggressiveness of that strain regardless of its species origin. The sequence variations of TRI8 gene in different species in the FGSC were examined as Fusarium species may produce different types of trichothecenes depending on differences in the core trichothecene (TRI) cluster genes. The TRI8 haplotypes did group according to chemotype rather than by species, indicating that 3-ADON, 15-ADON and NIV chemotypes have a single evolutionary origin. Comparison of TRI gene expression demonstrated that accumulation of TRI transcripts was higher in 3-ADON producing strains compared to 15-ADON and NIV strains. The presence of masked mycotoxins deoxynivalenol-3-glucoside (D3G) in food and feed is an increasing concern. Canadian spring wheat cultivars inoculated with different chemotypes produce D3G upon Fusarium infection and moderately resistant/intermediate cultivars showed higher D3G/DON ratio compared to susceptible cultivars.
Download or read book Genetic Studies on Fusarium Head Blight Resistance and Deoxynivalenol Accumulation in Barley written by Carlos Alberto Urrea Flórez and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fusarium Head Blight of Barley and Wheat written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 2 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Collaborative Research for Fusarium Head Blight Resistance in Wheat and Barley written by Workshop on Collaborative Research for Fusarium Head Blight Resistance in Wheat and Barley and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
