Download or read book Photonic Devices Based on Periodic Arrays of Carbon Nanotubes and Silicon Nanopillars written by Haider Butt and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This document presents the modelling and characterization of novel photonic devices based on periodic arrays of multiwalled carbon nanotubes. Multiwalled carbon nanotubes are mostly metallic in nature and interesting plasmonic effects are observed when nanotubes are grown close together, with spacing of about 400 nm. The effective electronic mass on the nanotubes changes, due to mutual coupling between them and they start displaying dielectric properties which are inherently different from the their own, forming metamaterials. We present a plasmonic high pass filtering application of carbon nanotube based metamaterials. Some promising modelling and experimental results are demonstrated showing a strong cut-off filtering effect at the plasma frequency displayed by the periodic arrays of multiwalled carbon nanotubes. The artificial negative dielectric constant displayed by the nanotube arrays was also successfully utilised for producing micron-scaled applications like optical waveguides and negative lenses for overcoming the diffraction limit. The fabrication of these optical devices using the arrays of silicon nanopillars was also considered. These arrays when fabricated at nano-scaled dimensions (of about 400 nm) present a greater degree of periodicity and require a simpler fabrication process compared to carbon nanotubes. We report the detailed computational analysis on silicon nanopillars based photonic crystals, waveguides and metamaterials which operate well within in the optical regime. However, due to the fabrication limitations, the fabricated Si nanopillars presented an inverted cone shape profile along their lengths. These inverted nanocone structures were successfully utilised for enhancing reflection from Si surfaces for applications in photovoltaic devices. Lastly we present a novel application of carbon nanotube arrays for producing micron-scale Fresnel lens arrays. Forests of carbon nanotubes were utilised as absorbing media on top of a bare silicon substrate. Optical diffraction of light across the nanotube forests produced strong focusing of light, at focal lengths of order 125 microns. Numerical simulations were in excellent agreement with the measured results.

Download or read book Carbon nanotubes and graphene for photonic applications written by T. Wilkinson and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-08-31 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This chapter discusses the background knowledge and provides a literature review of carbon-nanotubes-based metamaterials and other nanophotonic devices we present in the chapter. The materials properties of carbon nanotubes are discussed, along with their possible application in producing metamaterials which display artificial optical properties. A detailed analysis of different types of metamaterials is presented, along with their theory and applications. The utilization of silicon nanopillars for producing photonic crystals and the enhanced reflection effects are discussed. Lastly, the theoretical background and designing of carbon nanotube forests-based Fresnel lenses are presented.

Download or read book Carbon Nanotubes and Graphene for Photonic Applications written by Shinji Yamashita and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-08-31 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The optical properties of carbon nanotubes and graphene make them potentially suitable for a variety of photonic applications. Carbon nanotubes and graphene for photonic applications explores the properties of these exciting materials and their use across a variety of applications.Part one introduces the fundamental optical properties of carbon nanotubes and graphene before exploring how carbon nanotubes and graphene are synthesised. A further chapter focusses on nonlinearity enhancement and novel preparation approaches for carbon nanotube and graphene photonic devices. Chapters in part two discuss carbon nanotubes and graphene for laser applications and highlight optical gain and lasing in carbon nanotubes, carbon nanotube and graphene-based fiber lasers, carbon-nanotube-based bulk solid-state lasers, electromagnetic nonlinearities in graphene, and carbon nanotube-based nonlinear photonic devices. Finally, part three focusses on carbon-based optoelectronics and includes chapters on carbon nanotube solar cells, a carbon nanotube-based optical platform for biomolecular detection, hybrid carbon nanotube-liquid crystal nanophotonic devices, and quantum light sources based on individual carbon nanotubes.Carbon nanotubes and graphene for photonic applications is a technical resource for materials scientists, electrical engineers working in the photonics and optoelectronics industry and academics and researchers interested in the field. - Covers the properties and fabrication of carbon nanotubes and graphene for photonic applications - Considers the uses of carbon nanotubes and graphene for laser applications - Explores numerous carbon-based light emitters and detectors

Download or read book Carbon Nanotubes written by Jose Mauricio Marulanda and published by IntechOpen. This book was released on 2011-08-01 with total page 572 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carbon nanotubes (CNTs), discovered in 1991, have been a subject of intensive research for a wide range of applications. In the past decades, although carbon nanotubes have undergone massive research, considering the success of silicon, it has, nonetheless, been difficult to appreciate the potential influence of carbon nanotubes in current technology. The main objective of this book is therefore to give a wide variety of possible applications of carbon nanotubes in many industries related to electron device technology. This should allow the user to better appreciate the potential of these innovating nanometer sized materials. Readers of this book should have a good background on electron devices and semiconductor device physics as this book presents excellent results on possible device applications of carbon nanotubes. This book begins with an analysis on fabrication techniques, followed by a study on current models, and it presents a significant amount of work on different devices and applications available to current technology.

Download or read book Carbon nanotubes and graphene for photonic applications written by K.K. Chow and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-08-31 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Because of their estimated ultra-high third-order nonlinearity, single-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) can be regarded as a potential new material for optical nonlinearity. The nonlinearity of CNTs is believed to originate from the inter-band transitions of the π-electrons, causing nonlinear polarization. In this respect, CNTs are similar to other organic optical materials that exhibit extremely high nonlinearity. CNT-based photonics devices offer several key advantages, including ultrafast response, robustness, tunability of wavelength, and compatibility to fibers. This chapter will describe the design and fabrication of CNT-based nonlinear photonic devices. CNTs with suitable diameters – and thus suitable operational wavelengths – are deposited or grown directly on different types of fibers or waveguides to ensure effective CNT–light interaction. Optical nonlinear effects including four-wave mixing (FWM), cross-phase modulation (XPM), and self-phase modulation (SPM) have been observed experimentally using fabricated CNT-based devices. Corresponding wavelength conversion and optical signal regeneration applications based on various nonlinear effects are discussed.

Download or read book Liquid Crystals Beyond Displays written by Quan Li and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-05-29 with total page 598 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The chemistry, physics, and applications of liquid crystals beyond LCDs Liquid Crystals (LCs) combine order and mobility on a molecular and supramolecular level. But while these remarkable states of matter are most commonly associated with visual display technologies, they have important applications for a variety of other fields as well. Liquid Crystals Beyond Displays: Chemistry, Physics, and Applications considers these, bringing together cutting-edge research from some of the most promising areas of LC science. Featuring contributions from respected researchers from around the globe, this edited volume emphasizes the chemistry, physics, and applications of LCs in areas such as photovoltaics, light-emitting diodes, filed-effect transistors, lasers, molecular motors, nanophotonics and biosensors. Specific chapters look at magnetic LCs, lyotropic chromonic LCs, LC-based chemical sensors, LCs in metamaterials, and much more. Introducing readers to the fundamentals of LC science through the use of illustrative examples, Liquid Crystals Beyond Displays covers not only the most recent research in the myriad areas in which LCs are being utilized, but also looks ahead, addressing potential future developments. Designed for physicists, chemists, engineers, and biologists working in academia or industry, as well as graduate students specializing in LC technology, this is the first book to consider LC applications across a wide range of fields.

Download or read book Nanochemistry written by Ashutosh Sharma and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2023-02-24 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book encompasses the fundamental concepts of Nanochemistry that involve the self-assemblage of nanostructures, surface stabilization, and functionalization of nanoparticles. It’s a review of the work of world-renowned scientists and is the first of its kind that gives a detailed fundamental understanding of physical, chemical, and biological methods of nanoparticle synthesis. There is a comprehension of different characterization techniques of nanoparticles. This book, for the first time, explains applications of such nanochemicals in nanomedicine, nanoimmunomedicine, lab-on-a-chip, organ-on-a-chip, bioimplants, cyborgs, hydrogen storage, electrochemical splitting of water, and construction industries.

Download or read book Fundamentals and Applications of Nano Silicon in Plasmonics and Fullerines written by Munir H. Nayfeh and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2018-06-29 with total page 604 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fundamentals and Applications of Nano Silicon in Plasmonics and Fullerines: Current and Future Trends addresses current and future trends in the application and commercialization of nanosilicon. The book presents current, innovative and prospective applications and products based on nanosilicon and their binary system in the fields of energy harvesting and storage, lighting (solar cells and nano-capacitor and fuel cell devices and nanoLEDs), electronics (nanotransistors and nanomemory, quantum computing, photodetectors for space applications; biomedicine (substance detection, plasmonic treatment of disease, skin and hair care, implantable glucose sensor, capsules for drug delivery and underground water and oil exploration), and art (glass and pottery). Moreover, the book includes material on the use of advanced laser and proximal probes for imaging and manipulation of nanoparticles and atoms. In addition, coverage is given to carbon and how it contrasts and integrates with silicon with additional related applications. This is a valuable resource to all those seeking to learn more about the commercialization of nanosilicon, and to researchers wanting to learn more about emerging nanosilicon applications. - Features a variety of designs and operation of nano-devices, helping engineers to make the best use of nanosilicon - Contains underlying principles of how nanomaterials work and the variety of applications they provide, giving those new to nanosilicon a fundamental understanding - Assesses the viability of various nanoslicon devices for mass production and commercialization, thereby providing an important source of information for engineers

Download or read book Fundamentals of Thermophotovoltaic Energy Conversion written by Donald Chubb and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2007-05-11 with total page 532 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a text book presenting the fundamentals of thermophotovoltaic(TPV) energy conversion suitable for an upper undergraduate or first year graduate course. In addition it can serve as a reference or design aid for engineers developing TPV systems. Each chapter includes a summary and concludes with a set of problems.The first chapter presents the electromagnetic theory and radiation transfer theory necessary to calculate the optical properties of the components in a TPV optical cavity. Using a simplified model, Chapter 2 develops expressions for the maximum efficiency and power density for an ideal TPV system. The next three chapters consider the three major components in a TPV system; the emitter, filter and photovoltaic(PV) array. Chapter 3 applies the electromagnetic theory and radiation transfer theory presented in Chapter 1 in the calculation of spectral emittance. From the spectral emittance the emitter efficiency is calculated. Chapter 4 discusses interference, plasma and resonant array filters plus an interference filter with an imbedded metallic layer, a combined interference-plasma filter and spectral control using a back surface reflector(BSR) on the PV array. The theory necessary to calculate the optical properties of these filters is presented. Chapter 5 presents the fundamentals of semiconductor PV cells. Using transport equations calculation of the current-voltage relation for a PV cell is carried out. Quantum efficiency, spectral response and the electrical equivalent circuit for a PV cell are introduced so that the PV cell efficiency and power output can be calculated.The final three chapters of the book consider the combination of the emitter, filter and PV array that make up the optical cavity of a TPV system. Chapter 6 applies radiation transfer theory to calculate the cavity efficiency of planar and cylindrical optical cavities. Also introduced in Chapter 6 are the overall TPV efficiency, thermal efficiency and PV efficiency. Leakage of radiation out of the optical cavity results in a significant loss in TPV efficiency. Chapter 7 considers that topic. The final chapter presents a model for a planar TPV system.Six appendices present background information necessary to carry out theoretical developments in the text. Two of the appendices include Mathematica programs for the spectral optical properties of multi-layer interference filters and a planar TPV system. Software is included for downloading all the programs within the book. - First text written on thermophotovoltaic(TPV) energy conversion - Includes all the necessary theory to calculate TPV system performance - Author has been doing TPV energy conversion research since 1980's - Emphasizes the fundamentals of TPV energy conversion - Includes a summary and problem set at the end of each chapter - Includes Mathematica programs for calculating optical properties of interference filters and planar TPV system performance solution software

Download or read book Metasurface Holography written by Zi-Lan Deng and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-05-31 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The merging of metasurface and holography brings about unprecedented opportunities for versatile manipulation of light in terms of both far-field wavefront and near-field profile. In this book, a brief evolving history from surface plasmon polariton holography to metamaterial holography and finally to metasurface holography is introduced at first. Basic physical mechanisms that govern the phase modulation rules behind metasurface holography design are discussed later. Next, extended functionalities such as arbitrary polarization holography, vectorial holography, full-color holography, and hybrid holography achieved in the metasurface platform are presented. Surface wave and metagrating holography that bridges the on-chip surface wave and free-space wave is also introduced. In the end, we envisage practical applications of high-fidelity 3D holographic display, high-secure encryption, and high capacity digital encoding and also indicate remaining challenges based on metasurface holography.

Download or read book Aligned Carbon Nanotubes written by Zhifeng Ren and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-09-05 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book gives a survey of the physics and fabrication of carbon nanotubes and their applications in optics, electronics, chemistry and biotechnology. It focuses on the structural characterization of various carbon nanotubes, fabrication of vertically or parallel aligned carbon nanotubes on substrates or in composites, physical properties for their alignment, and applications of aligned carbon nanotubes in field emission, optical antennas, light transmission, solar cells, chemical devices, bio-devices, and many others. Major fabrication methods are illustrated in detail, particularly the most widely used PECVD growth technique on which various device integration schemes are based, followed by applications such as electrical interconnects, nanodiodes, optical antennas, and nanocoax solar cells, whereas current limitations and challenges are also be discussed to lay the foundation for future developments.

Download or read book Giant Micelles written by Raoul Zana and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2007-05-30 with total page 577 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The co-evolution of a strong theoretical framework alongside application of a range of sophisticated experimental tools engendered rapid advancement in the study ofgiant micelles. Beginning with Anacker and Debye's 1951 experimental study of elongated micelles by light scattering and their subsequent theoretical inference that the thermodynamic

Download or read book Structural DNA Nanotechnology written by Nadrian C. Seeman and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015 with total page 269 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by the founder of the field, this is a comprehensive and accessible introduction to structural DNA nanotechnology.

Download or read book Nanotechnology Enabled Sensors written by Kourosh Kalantar-zadeh and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-09-19 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nanotechnology provides tools for creating functional materials, devices, and systems by controlling materials at the atomic and molecular scales and making use of novel properties and phenomena. Nanotechnology-enabled sensors find applications in several fields such as health and safety, medicine, process control and diagnostics. This book provides the reader with information on how nanotechnology enabled sensors are currently being used and how they will be used in the future in such diverse fields as communications, building and facilities, medicine, safety, and security, including both homeland defense and military operations.

Download or read book Nanosilicon written by Vijay Kumar and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-07-28 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Properties of nanosilicon in the form of nanoparticles, nanowires, nanotubes, and as porous material are of great interest. They can be used in finding suitable components for future miniature devices, and for the more exciting possibilities of novel optoelectronic applications due to bright luminescence from porous silicon, nanoparticles and nanowires. New findings from research into metal encapsulated clusters, silicon fullerenes and nanotubes have opened up a new paradigm in nanosilicon research and this could lead to large scale production of nanoparticles with control on size and shape as well as novel quasi one-dimensional structures. There are possibilities of using silicon as an optical material and in the development of a silicon laser. In Nanosilicon, leading experts cover state-of-the-art experimental and theoretical advances in the different forms of nanosilicon. Furthermore, applications of nanosilicon to single electron transistors, as photonic material, chemical and biological sensors at molecular scale, and silicon nanowire devices are also discussed. Self-assemblies of silicon nanoforms are important for applications. These developments are also related to cage structures of silicon in clathrates. With an interesting focus on the bottlenecks in the advancement of silicon based technology, this book provides a much-needed overview of the current state of understanding of nanosilicon research. - Latest developments in nanoparticles, nanowires and nanotubes of silicon - Focus on nanosilicon - a very timely subject attracting large interest - Novel chapters on metal encapsulated silicon clusters and nanotubes

Download or read book Updates in Advanced Lithography written by Sumio Hosaka and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2013-07-03 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advanced lithography grows up to several fields such as nano-lithography, micro electro-mechanical system (MEMS) and nano-phonics, etc. Nano-lithography reaches to 20 nm size in advanced electron device. Consequently, we have to study and develop true single nanometer size lithography. One of the solutions is to study a fusion of top down and bottom up technologies such as EB drawing and self-assembly with block copolymer. In MEMS and nano-photonics, 3 dimensional structures are needed to achieve some functions in the devices for the applications. Their formation are done by several methods such as colloid lithography, stereo-lithography, dry etching, sputtering, deposition, etc. This book covers a wide area regarding nano-lithography, nano structure and 3-dimensional structure, and introduces readers to the methods, methodology and its applications.

Download or read book Polymer Nanofibers written by Dario Pisignano and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2013-05-24 with total page 445 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research into polymer nanofibers has increased significantly over the last decade, prompting the need for a comprehensive monograph examining the subject as knowledge of their properties and potential applications has increased. Postgraduate students and researchers new to the field will benefit from the "from materials to applications" approach to the book, which examines the physio-chemical properties in detail, demonstrating how they can be exploited for a diverse range of applications, including the production of light and wound dressings. Techniques for the fabrication, notably electrospinning, are discussed at length. This book provides a unique and accessible source of information, summarising the last decade of the field and presenting an entry point for those entering the field and an inspiration to established workers. The author is currently the national coordinator for several research projects examining the applications of polymer nanofibers, alongside active international collaborations.