Download or read book Photoionization of Atoms and Molecules written by Fred Loomis Mohler and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a review of experimental results on photoionization of atoms and some molecules. There are some quantitative data on all the alkalis, magnesium, calcium and thallium and all rare gases except xenon. Results are given for the common gases: hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, CO, CO2, NO, NO2, H2O and CH4. Autoionization, excitation to a state above the ionization threshold followed by transition to the ionized state, can be an important factor. Often the broad autoionization lines mask the true continuum. There are some mass spectrometric measurements of photoionization products for most of these molecules.
Download or read book Photoabsorption Photoionization and Photoelectron Spectroscopy written by Joseph Berkowitz and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 490 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Photoabsorption, Photoionization, and Photoelectron Spectroscopy explores photoabsorption processes involving individual, isolated molecules in the wavelength or photon energy range from the ionization thresholds of molecules (usually in the vacuum ultraviolet region) through the soft and hard X-ray region and beyond the ""K edge."" The interaction between electromagnetic radiation and isolated molecules based on photoabsorption, photoionization, and photoelectron spectroscopy studies is described, along with the techniques for measurement of total and partial cross sections. This book is comprised of eight chapters and examines the decomposition of molecules and molecular ions as well as mildly excited (valence shell excitation) and highly excited (inner shell excitation) molecules. After providing a general theoretical background, it discusses certain classes of atoms and molecules and considers electromagnetic interactions with gases. The following chapters focus on photoabsorption below the first ionization limit; quasi-discrete states above the first ionization potential; and the ionization continuum. Total photoabsorption and photoionization cross sections for selected molecules are also considered, and the angular distribution of photoelectrons is analyzed. The various measurement techniques are described in the last chapter. This monograph will be of interest to radiation chemists, radiation physicists, photochemists, mass spectrometrists, and perhaps radiation biologists.
Download or read book Photoionization and Photodetachment written by Cheuk-Yiu Ng and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2000 with total page 731 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Owing to the advances of vacuum ultraviolet and ultrafast lasers and third generation synchrotron sources, the research on photoionization, photoelectrons, and photodetachment has gained much vitality in recent years. These new light sources, together with ingenious experimental techniques, such as the coincidence imaging, molecular beam, pulsed field ionization photoelectron, mass-analyzed threshold ion, and pulsed field ion pair schemes, have allowed spectroscopic, dynamic, and energetic studies of gaseous species to a new level of detail and accuracy. Profitable applications of these methods to liquids are emerging.This invaluable two-volume review consists of twenty-two chapters, focusing on recent developments in photoionization and photodetachment studies of atoms; molecules, transient species, clusters, and liquids.
Download or read book VUV and Soft X Ray Photoionization written by Uwe Becker and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 678 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Leading investigators offer the first comprehensive study of gas phase photoionization research in the VUV and soft X-ray regime since the massive employment of synchrotron radiation as a spectroscopic tool. Chapters cover all aspects of photoionization phenomena from total cross sections to highly differentiated measurements such as coincidence experiments and spin-resolved electron spectroscopy. This work is abundant with illustrations.
Download or read book Photon and Electron Collisions with Atoms and Molecules written by Philip G. Burke and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research on photon and electron collisions with atomic and molecular targets and their ions has seen a rapid increase in interest, both experimentally and theoretically, in recent years. This is partly because these processes provide an ideal means of investigating the dynamics of many particle systems at a fundamental level and partly because their detailed understanding is required in many other fields, particularly astrophysics, plasma physics and controlled thermonuclear fusion, laser physics, atmospheric processes, isotope separation, radiation physics and chemistry and surface science. In recent years a number of important advances have been made, both on the experimental side and on the theoretical side. On the experimental side these include absolute measurements of cross sections, experiments using coincidence techniques, the use of polarised beams and targets, the development of very high energy resolution electron beams, the use of synchrotron radiation sources and ion storage rings, the study of laser assisted atomic collisions, the interaction of super-intense lasers with atoms and molecules and the increasing number of studies using positron beams.
Download or read book Nonlinear Laser Spectroscopy written by V. S. Letokhov and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-04-18 with total page 466 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The laser as a source of coherent optical radiation has made it possible to investigate nonlinear interaction of optical radiation with atoms and mole cules. Its availability has given rise to new research fields, such as non linear optics, laser spectroscopy, laser photochemistry, that lie at the boundary between quantum electronics and physical optics, optical spectros copy and photochemistry, respectively. The use of coherent optical radiation in each of these fields has led to the discovery of qualitatively ne\~ effects and possibilities; in particular, some rather subtle effects of interaction between highly monochromatic light and atoms and molecules, in optical spec troscopy, have formed the bases for certain methods of so-called nonlinear, laser Doppler-free spectroscopy. These methods have made it possible to in 5 6 crease the resolution of spectroscopic studies from between 10 and 10 , lim 11 ited by Doppl er 1 i ne broadeni ng up, to about 10 ; at present some 1 abor atories are developing new techniques that have even higher resolution. The discovery and elaboration of the methods of nonlinear laser spectroscopy have resulted largely from contributions by scientists from many countries, in particular from the USA (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Stanford Uni versity, National Bureau of Standards in Boulder, Harvard University, etc. ), the USSR (P. N. Levedev Institute of Physics, Institute of Semiconductor Phys ics in Novosibirsk, Institute of Spectroscopy, etc.
Download or read book Laser Photoionization Spectroscopy written by Vladilen Letokhov and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Laser Photoionization Spectroscopy discusses the features and the development of photoionization technique. This book explores the progress in the application of lasers, which improve the characteristics of spectroscopic methods. Organized into 12 chapters, this book starts with an overview of the fundamentals of the method for atoms and molecules. This text then examines the photoionization spectroscopy, which is based on the laser resonant excitation of particles into high-lying quantum states that are easy to detect by ionization. Other chapters explain the various basic schemes of multistep excitation, which can be used for resonance photoionization of molecules. This book discusses as well the different applications of the resonance photoionization technique in atomic and molecular spectroscopy. The final chapter considers the two well-known types of microscopy, namely, wave and corpuscular. This book is a valuable resource for chemists, physicists, analysts, and geochemists who are interested in laser spectroscopy techniques to solve nontrivial problems.
Download or read book Atomic Photoeffect written by M.Ya. Amusia and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is devoted to the investigation of a rather prevalent process in nature: interaction of atoms with electromagnetic radiation. Primary attention is given to the low and intermediate photon energy region, from tens to hundreds of electron-volts. It is in this region that the probability of photon absorption and photoionization is largest. Data in this energy region are very interesting and useful in astrophysics and plasma physics, solid-state physics and quantum electronics, and in a number of other branches of science and technical applications. Formulae for hydrogen atom photoionization are given in almost all textbooks on quantum mechanics. Together with the limited amounts of experimental data available up to the beginning of the sixties, the formulae gave an impression of the completeness of the study of photoionization, of the absolute clarity of the mechanism of the process, and of the possibility of calculating rather easily its probability using the formulae.
Download or read book Electron Molecule Scattering and Photoionization written by P.G. Burke and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 275 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume contains the invited papers and selected contributed papers presented at the International Symposium on 'Electron-Molecule Scattering and Photoionization' held at SERC's Daresbury Laboratory, Cheshire, England from 18th to 19th July, 1987. This Symposium was a Satellite Meeting to the XVth International Conference on the Physics of Electronic and Atomic Collisions (ICPEAC I and follows a tradition of Satellite Meetings i. n related areas of collisions held in association with previous ICPEAC's. In order to make this volume as representative of the Symposium as possible 'Hot Topics' presented orally at the meeting together with a few papers selected by the Programme Committee from the contributed posters are included. The Editors are grateful to the authors for responding rapidly to the invitation to submit their contri butions for inclusion in the volume, as indeed they are grateful to all the authors for the high quality of their contributions. The Symposium brought together over 100 scientists from many countries and from broad interdisciplinary backgrounds to hear about current rapid advances in electron-molecule scatteri. ng and photoioniza tion. These advances have been stimulated on the experimental side by the increasing availability of electron beams with millivolt energy resolution, by synchrotron radiation sources and by intense tunable lasers. On the theoretical side the introduction of new computational methods enables accurate predictions to be made, resulting in a new and deeper understanding of the basic physical processes involved.
Download or read book Atomic and Molecular Photoabsorption written by Joseph Berkowitz and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2015-03-27 with total page 533 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Atomic and Molecular Photoabsorption: Partial Cross Sections is a companion work to Joseph Berkowitz's earlier work, Atomic and Molecular Photoabsorption: Absolute Total Cross Sections, published with Academic Press in 2002. In this work Joseph Berkowitz selected the "best" absolute partial cross sections for the same species as included in the companion work. A contrast, however, is that photoabsorption measurements, being of order I/Io, do not require the most intense light sources, whereas acquiring data on the products of light interactions with gaseous matter (ions, electrons, various coincidence measurements) has benefited significantly with the arrival of second- and third-generation synchrotrons. The newer devices have also extended the energy range of the light sources to include the K-shells of the species discussed here. The newer light sources encouraged experimentalists to develop improved instrumentation. Thus, the determination of partial cross sections continues to be an active field, with more recent results in some cases superseding earlier ones. Where the accuracy of the absolute partial cross sections is deemed sufficient (less than five percent), numerical tables are included in this new work. In other cases, the available data are presented graphically. Includes data on atoms, diatomic molecules, triatomic molecules, and polyatomic molecules Written by world-leading pioneer in the field of photoionization mass spectrometry Very clear presentation of the useful, quantitative information in both tables and graphs
Download or read book Multiple Photoionization Studies of Atoms and Molecules Using Ion Time of Flight Spectrometry written by Pavle N. Juranicʹ and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Atomic and Molecular Processes written by D.R. Bates and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2016-06-03 with total page 920 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Atomic and Molecular Processes focuses on radiative and collisional processes involving atoms or molecules, including photoionization, elastic and inelastic scattering of electrons, energy loss by slow electrons, excitation, ionization, detachment, charge transfer, elastic scattering, and chemical reactions. The selection first offers information on forbidden and allowed transitions, including forbidden transitions in diatomic molecular spectra; forbidden transitions in crystals; calculations of atomic line strengths; and measurements of atomic transition probabilities. The book also ponders on photoionization processes, photodetachment, and high temperature shock waves. The manuscript elaborates on electronic and ionic recombination, elastic scattering of electrons, and the motions of slow electrons in gases. The book also evaluates the theory of excitation and ionization by electron impact; measurement of collisional excitation and ionization cross sections; and spectral line broadening in plasmas. The selection is a dependable reference for readers interested in atomic and molecular processes.
Download or read book Photoionization and Photo Induced Processes in Mass Spectrometry written by Ralf Zimmermann and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-07-06 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides comprehensive coverage of laser-induced ionization processes for mass spectrometry analysis Drawing on the expertise of the leading academic and industrial research groups involved in the development of photoionization methods for mass spectrometry, this reference for analytical scientists covers both the theory and current applications of photo-induced ionization processes. It places widely used techniques such as MALDI side by side with more specialist approaches such as REMPI and RIMS, and discusses leading edge developments in ultrashort laser pulse desorption, to give readers a complete picture of the state of the technology. Photoionization and Photo-Induced Processes in Mass Spectrometry: Fundamentals and Applications starts with a complete overview of the fundamentals of the technique, covering the basics of the gas phase ionization as well as those of laser desorption and ablation, pulse photoionization, and single particle ionization. Numerous application examples from different analytical fields are described that showcase the power and the wide scope of photo ionization in mass spectrometry. -The first general reference book on photoionization techniques for mass spectrometry -Examines technologies and applications of gas phase resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization mass spectrometry (REMPI-MS) and gas phase resonance ionization mass spectrometry (RIMS) -Provides complete coverage of popular techniques like MALDI -Discusses the current and potential applications of each technology, focusing on process and environmental analysis Photoionization and Photo-Induced Processes in Mass Spectrometry: Fundamentals and Applications is an excellent book for spectroscopists, analytical chemists, photochemists, physical chemists, and laser specialists.
Download or read book Laser Control of Atoms and Molecules written by Vladilen Letokhov and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2007-02-15 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rather different problems can be lumped together under the general term 'laser control of atoms and molecules'. They include the laser selection of atomic and molecular velocities for the purpose of Doppler-free spectroscopy, laser control of the position and velocity of atoms (i.e. laser trapping and cooling of atoms), and laser control of atomic and molecular processes (ionization, dissociation) with a view of detecting single atoms and molecules and particularly separating isotopes and nuclear isomers. Over the last decades the principal problems posed have been successfully solved, and many of them have evolved remarkably in the subsequent investigations of the international research community. For example, the solution of the problem of laser cooling and trapping of atoms has given birth to the new field of the physics of ultracold matter, i.e. quantum atomic and molecular gases. The laser non-coherent control of uni-molecular processes has found an interesting extension in the field of laser coherent control of molecules. The concept of laser control of position has been successfully demonstrated with microparticles (optical tweezers), concurrently with investigations into atomic control. The laser photo-ionization of molecules on surfaces has led to the development of novel techniques of laser-assisted mass spectrometry of macromolecules, and so on. The aim of this book is to review these topics from a unified or 'coherent' point of view. It will be useful for many readers in various fields of laser science and its applications.
Download or read book Interaction of Ionizing Photons with Atomic and Molecular Ions written by Eugene T Kennedy and published by Mdpi AG. This book was released on 2022-02-10 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The interaction of ionising radiation with atomic and/or molecular ions is a fundamental process in nature, with implications for the understanding of many laboratory and astrophysical plasmas. At short wavelengths, the photon-ion interactions lead to inner-shell and multiple electron excitations, leading to demands on appropriate laboratory developments of sources and detectors and requiring advanced theoretical treatments which take into account many-body electron-correlation effects. This book includes a range of papers based on different short wavelength photon sources including recent facility and instrumental developments. Topics include experimental photoabsorption studies with laser-produced plasmas and photoionization of atomic and molecular ions with synchrotron and FEL sources, including modifications of a cylindrical mirror analyzer for high efficiency photoelectron spectroscopy on ion beams. Theoretical investigations include the effects of FEL fluctuations on autoionization line shapes, multiple sequential ionization by intense fs XUV pulses, photoelectron angular distributions for non-resonant two-photon ionization, inner-shell photodetachment of Na- and spin-polarized fluxes from fullerene anions.
Download or read book Many body Theory of Atomic Structure and Photoionization written by Tu-nan Chang and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1993 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Detailed discussions on many of the recent advances in the many-body theory of atomic structure are presented by the leading experts around the world on their respective specialized approaches. Emphasis is given to the photoionization dominated by the resonance structures, which reveals the effect of the multi-electron interaction in atomic transitions involving highly correlated atomic systems. Recent experimental developments, stimulated by the more advanced applications of intense lasers and short wavelength synchrotron radiation, are also reviewed. This book brings together a comprehensive theoretical and experimental survey of the current understanding of the basic physical processes involved in atomic processes.
Download or read book Atoms Molecules and Photons written by Wolfgang Demtröder and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-02-09 with total page 551 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This introduction to Atomic and Molecular Physics explains how our present model of atoms and molecules has been developed over the last two centuries both by many experimental discoveries and, from the theoretical side, by the introduction of quantum physics to the adequate description of micro-particles. It illustrates the wave model of particles by many examples and shows the limits of classical description. The interaction of electromagnetic radiation with atoms and molecules and its potential for spectroscopy is outlined in more detail and in particular lasers as modern spectroscopic tools are discussed more thoroughly. Many examples and problems with solutions are offered to encourage readers to actively engage in applying and adapting the fundamental physics presented in this textbook to specific situations. Completely revised third edition with new sections covering all actual developments, like photonics, ultrashort lasers, ultraprecise frequency combs, free electron lasers, cooling and trapping of atoms, quantum optics and quantum information.
