Download or read book Phase Noise in Quantum Optics written by Barry Cyril Sanders and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Phase Noise in Quantum Physics written by Barry Cyril Sanders and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The nature of phase noise in quantum optics is analyzed. In an experiment involving the measurement of the electromagnetic field the two quantities of interest are the energy and phase of the field. However, measurements of the quantities produce quantum fluctuations. The quantum fluctuations are regarded as noise in the treatment presented here. The quantum system is represented by a probability distribution, the Wigner function, and the quantum fluctuations are treated as stochastic noise associated with the quantity being measured. The difficulties of associating a quantum operator with the phase of the system are reviewed and the related energy-phase uncertainty relation is discussed. The alternate interpretation of the phase noise of a quantum system as being the classical phase noise of the Wigner function is presented. In particular the energy and phase noise of the vacuum state, the coherent state, the squeezed state and the squeezed vacuum are discussed in this way. The squeezed states of light are minimum uncertainty states with respect to the quadrature operators and exhibit noise of one quadrature below the noise level associated with the vacuum. The reduced noise level in one quadrature of the field underlies the importance of squeezed states in many practical applications where there is a need to reduce the quantum noise of one quadrature of coherent light. The periodic phase operator eliminates the difficulties associated with the multivalued nature of phase. The analysis of the vacuum and intense coherent state of Carruthers and Nieto by employing periodic phase operators is reviewed, particularly with respect to the energy-phase uncertainty relations and we generalize the approach to develop a phase operator analysis of the squeezed state in the intense field and vacuum limits. We demonstrate here for the first time that the phase operator is simply related to the phase of the squeezed state in the intense field limit and that the squeezed state is approximately an energy-phase minimum uncertainty state in the low-squeezing limit. Also we enlarge on previous work to demonstrate that the phase operator corresponds simply and unambiguously to the phase of the squeeze parameter for the strongly squeezed vacuum and the intensely squeezed vacuum is an energy-phase minimum uncertainty state for some values of phase. The occurrence of squeezing for the case of two coupled quantum oscillators is presented. The system consisting of one mode of the electromagnetic field coupled to a spinless nonrelativistic electron subjected to an harmonic potential is represented by two coupled harmonic oscillators. The dynamics are compared for the case that the rotating wave approximation is employed and for the case that the counter-rotating terms are included. These calculations have not been performed before. The parametric amplifier Hamiltonian with a nonresonant coupling is also studied in order to provide insight into the effects of the counter-rotating terms. Squeezing of the field produced by the electron is a consequence of the inclusion of the counter-rotating terms. The case of a spinless nonrelativistic electron subject to an harmonic potential and coupled to a continuum of electromagnetic field modes is also considered. The case of two coupled oscillators discussed above is generalized by replacing the oscillator which represents the single-mode field by a bath of oscillators. The effects of including counter-rotating terms and of ignoring the counter - rotating terms in the Hamiltonian are compared. The interaction is assumed to produce a frequency shift and an exponential damping term for the oscillating electron. The frequency shift is assumed to be small in either case and so the Wigner-Weisskopff approximation is employed to solve the equations of motion. We demonstrate the new results that dissipation-induced phase-dependent noise is a consequence of including the counter-rotating terms and that the noise is phase-independent for the case that the counterrotating terms are excluded. The relation between these results and recent work on quantum tunnelling in superconducting quantum interference devices is discussed. We conclude by suggesting further research related to the work in this thesis.
Download or read book Electromagnetic Noise and Quantum Optical Measurements written by Hermann A. Haus and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 572 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the reviews: "Haus’ book provides numerous insights on topics of wide importance, and contains much material not available elsewhere in book form. [...] an indispensable resource for those working in quantum optics or electronics." Optics & Photonics News
Download or read book Phase noise Limitations on Nonlinear optical Quantum Computing written by Justin Michael Dove and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Flying in the face of the long-sought-after goal of building optical quantum computers, we show that traditional approaches leveraging nonlinear-optical cross phase modulation (XPM) to construct the critical element, the cphase gate - a gate which seeks to impart a [pi]-radian phase shift on a single photon pulse, conditioned on the presence of a second single photon pulse - are doomed to fail. The traditional story told in common textbooks fails to account for the continuous-time nature of the real world. Previous work addressing this fact - finding that that the proper continuous-time theory introduces fidelity-degrading phase noise that precludes such proposals - was limited in scope to the case of co-propagating pulses with equal group velocities. This left room for criticism that a high-fidelity cphase gate might be constructed using XPM with pulses that pass through each other. In our work, we build such a continuous-time quantum theory of XPM for pulses that pass through each other and evaluate its consequences. We find that fundamental aspects of the real world prevent one from constructing a perfect cphase gate, even in theory, and we show that the best we can do seems to fall far short of what is needed for quantum computation, even if we are extremely optimistic.
Download or read book Quantum Phase and Phase Dependent Measurements written by Wolfgang Schleich and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Guide to Experiments in Quantum Optics written by Hans-A. Bachor and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-07-02 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides fully updated coverage of new experiments in quantum optics This fully revised and expanded edition of a well-established textbook on experiments on quantum optics covers new concepts, results, procedures, and developments in state-of-the-art experiments. It starts with the basic building blocks and ideas of quantum optics, then moves on to detailed procedures and new techniques for each experiment. Focusing on metrology, communications, and quantum logic, this new edition also places more emphasis on single photon technology and hybrid detection. In addition, it offers end-of-chapter summaries and full problem sets throughout. Beginning with an introduction to the subject, A Guide to Experiments in Quantum Optics, 3rd Edition presents readers with chapters on classical models of light, photons, quantum models of light, as well as basic optical components. It goes on to give readers full coverage of lasers and amplifiers, and examines numerous photodetection techniques being used today. Other chapters examine quantum noise, squeezing experiments, the application of squeezed light, and fundamental tests of quantum mechanics. The book finishes with a section on quantum information before summarizing of the contents and offering an outlook on the future of the field. -Provides all new updates to the field of quantum optics, covering the building blocks, models and concepts, latest results, detailed procedures, and modern experiments -Places emphasis on three major goals: metrology, communications, and quantum logic -Presents fundamental tests of quantum mechanics (Schrodinger Kitten, multimode entanglement, photon systems as quantum emulators), and introduces the density function -Includes new trends and technologies in quantum optics and photodetection, new results in sensing and metrology, and more coverage of quantum gates and logic, cluster states, waveguides for multimodes, discord and other quantum measures, and quantum control -Offers end of chapter summaries and problem sets as new features A Guide to Experiments in Quantum Optics, 3rd Edition is an ideal book for professionals, and graduate and upper level students in physics and engineering science.
Download or read book Chaos Noise and Fractals written by E. Roy Pike and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-08-27 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study of nonlinear dynamical systems has been gathering momentum since the late 1950s. It now constitutes one of the major research areas of modern theoretical physics. The twin themes of fractals and chaos, which are linked by attracting sets in chaotic systems that are fractal in structure, are currently generating a great deal of excitement. The degree of structure robustness in the presence of stochastic and quantum noise is thus a topic of interest. Chaos, Noise and Fractals discusses the role of fractals in quantum mechanics, the influence of phase noise in chaos and driven optical systems, and the arithmetic of chaos. The book represents a balanced overview of the field and is a worthy addition to the reading lists of researchers and students interested in any of the varied, and sometimes bizarre, aspects of this intriguing subject.
Download or read book Quantum Optics For Experimentalists written by Zheyu Jeff Ou and published by World Scientific Publishing Company. This book was released on 2017-05-30 with total page 431 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book on quantum optics is from the point of view of an experimentalist. It approaches the theory of quantum optics with the language of optical modes of classical wave theory, with which experimentalists are most familiar. This approach makes the transition easy from classical optics to quantum optics. The emphasis on the multimode description of an optical system is more realistic than in most quantum optics textbooks. After the theoretical part, the book goes directly to the two most basic experimental techniques in quantum optics and establishes the connection between the experiments and the theory. The applications include some key quantum optics experiments, and a few more current interests that deal with quantum correlation and entanglement, quantum noise in phase measurement and amplification, and quantum state measurement.
Download or read book Quantum Optics written by D.F. Walls and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Quantum Optics gives a comprehensive coverage of developments in quantum optics over the past twenty years. In the early chapters the formalism of quantum optics is elucidated and the main techniques are introduced. These are applied in the later chapters to problems such as squeezed states of light, resonance fluorescence, laser theory, quantum theory of four-wave mixing, quantum non-demolition measurements, Bell's inequalities, and atom optics. Experimental results are used to illustrate the theory throughout. This yields the most comprehensive and up-to-date coverage of experiment and theory in quantum optics in any textbook.
Download or read book Quantum Optics written by Miguel Orszag and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-04-18 with total page 491 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new edition gives a unique and broad coverage of basic laser-related phenomena that allow graduate students, scientists and engineers to carry out research in quantum optics and laser physics. It covers quantization of the electromagnetic field, quantum theory of coherence, atom-field interaction models, resonance fluorescence, quantum theory of damping, laser theory using both the master equation and the Langevin theory, the correlated emission laser, input-output theory with applications to non-linear optics, quantum trajectories, quantum non-demolition measurements and generation of non-classical vibrational states of ions in a Paul trap. In this third edition, there is an enlarged chapter on trapped ions, as well as new sections on quantum computing and quantum bits with applications. There is also additional material included for quantum processing and entanglement. These topics are presented in a unified and didactic manner, each chapter is accompanied by specific problems and hints to solutions to deepen the knowledge.
Download or read book Quantum Limits on Measurement and Control of a Mechanical Oscillator written by Vivishek Sudhir and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-11-21 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis reports on experiments in which the motion of a mechanical oscillator is measured with unprecedented precision. The position fluctuations of the oscillator—a glass nanostring—are measured with an imprecision that is sufficient to resolve its quantum zero-point motion within its thermal decoherence time. The concomitant observation of measurement back-action, in accordance with Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle, verifies the principles of linear quantum measurements on a macroscopic mechanical object. The record of the measurement is used to perform feedback control so as to suppress both classical thermal motion and quantum measurement back-action. These results verify some of the central and long-standing predictions of quantum measurement theory applied to a macroscopic object. The act of measurement not only perturbs the subject of the measurement—the mechanical oscillator—but also changes the state of the light used to make the measurement. This prediction is verified by demonstrating that the optical field, after having interacted with the mechanical oscillator, contains quantum correlations that render its quadrature fluctuations smaller than those of the vacuum – i.e., the light is squeezed. Lastly, the thesis reports on some of the first feedback control experiments involving macroscopic objects in the quantum regime, together with an exploration of the quantum limit of feedback control. The book offers a pedagogical account of linear measurement theory, its realization via optical interferometry, and contains a detailed guide to precision optical interferometry..
Download or read book Quantum mechanical Interference Between Optical Transitions and the Effect of Laser Phase Noise written by Aerospace Corporation and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Phase in Optics written by Vlasta Pe?inov and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1998 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The history of the quantum phase problem, characterized by renewed interest in the solution to the problem, is included and brought up to date.
Download or read book Classical Semi classical and Quantum Noise written by Leon Cohen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-12-21 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: David Middleton was a towering figure of 20th Century engineering and science and one of the founders of statistical communication theory. During the second World War, the young David Middleton, working with Van Fleck, devised the notion of the matched filter, which is the most basic method used for detecting signals in noise. Over the intervening six decades, the contributions of Middleton have become classics. This collection of essays by leading scientists, engineers and colleagues of David are in his honor and reflect the wide influence that he has had on many fields. Also included is the introduction by Middleton to his forthcoming book, which gives a wonderful view of the field of communication, its history and his own views on the field that he developed over the past 60 years. Focusing on classical noise modeling and applications, Classical, Semi-Classical and Quantum Noise includes coverage of statistical communication theory, non-stationary noise, molecular footprints, noise suppression, Quantum error correction, and other related topics.
Download or read book Elements of Quantum Optics written by Brice Scott and published by Scientific e-Resources. This book was released on 2019-09-03 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book gives a broad coverage of the basic elements necessary to understand and carry out research in quantum optics. It presents a variety of theoretical tools and important results for two-level and semiconductor media, many of which could only be found in the original literature of in specialized monographs up to now. The text reveals the close connection between many seemingly unrelated topics. The book "e;Quantum Optics"e; has been written to meet the requirement of the degree and post graduate students. The subject matter has been discussed in such a simple way that the students will find no difficult to understand it. Most of the examples given in the book have been selected from various university examination papers and the book cover the syllabus of almost all the universities.
Download or read book Quantum Measurements in Optics written by Paolo Tombesi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Quantum Measurements in Optics was held in Cortina d'Ampezzo, Italy, January 21-25, 1991. This workshop was attended by 70 participants from 16 different countries. The subjects discussed at this workshop concentrated on quantum measurements in optics made possible by the recent advances in the generation and detection of light with low quantum noise. These advances have occurred simultaneously with the development of atomic traps capable of trapping a single atom for a considerable period of time. The interaction of a single two level atom with the single mode of the electromagnetic field is now possible in high Q microcavities. A new field of cavity QED has developed studying the properties of Rydberg atoms in microwave cavities. At this meeting we heard the first report of an atomic interferometer where a single atom passing through the two slits exhibits wave like interference phenomena. This new field involving the transfer of momentum from photons to atoms has lead to new possibilities for quantum nondemolition measurements on an optical field. We heard suggestions for such measurements at this meeting. With the new light sources available the possibility of using low quantum noise light in optical communications becomes close to reality. The problem of the propagation of quantum light field in optical fibres was actively discussed at this meeting.
Download or read book Quantum Optics in Phase Space written by Wolfgang P. Schleich and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-02-16 with total page 717 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Quantum Optics in Phase Space provides a concise introduction to the rapidly moving field of quantum optics from the point of view of phase space. Modern in style and didactically skillful, Quantum Optics in Phase Space prepares students for their own research by presenting detailed derivations, many illustrations and a large set of workable problems at the end of each chapter. Often, the theoretical treatments are accompanied by the corresponding experiments. An exhaustive list of references provides a guide to the literature. Quantum Optics in Phase Space also serves advanced researchers as a comprehensive reference book. Starting with an extensive review of the experiments that define quantum optics and a brief summary of the foundations of quantum mechanics the author Wolfgang P. Schleich illustrates the properties of quantum states with the help of the Wigner phase space distribution function. His description of waves ala WKB connects semi-classical phase space with the Berry phase. These semi-classical techniques provide deeper insight into the timely topics of wave packet dynamics, fractional revivals and the Talbot effect. Whereas the first half of the book deals with mechanical oscillators such as ions in a trap or atoms in a standing wave the second half addresses problems where the quantization of the radiation field is of importance. Such topics extensively discussed include optical interferometry, the atom-field interaction, quantum state preparation and measurement, entanglement, decoherence, the one-atom maser and atom optics in quantized light fields. Quantum Optics in Phase Space presents the subject of quantum optics as transparently as possible. Giving wide-ranging references, it enables students to study and solve problems with modern scientific literature. The result is a remarkably concise yet comprehensive and accessible text- and reference book - an inspiring source of information and insight for students, teachers and researchers alike.
