Download or read book Phase Equilibria with Supercritical Carbon Dioxide written by Mercedes G. Montalbán and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Phase Equilibria with Supercritical Carbon Dioxide written by Mercedes G. Montalbán and published by Intechopen. This book was released on 2022-11 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We are living in a critical time, both for humanity and the planet, which has led us to look for more sustainable formulas to interact with the environment. One of the important changes in the design and operation of chemical processes is the search for environmentally friendly technologies. Supercritical carbon dioxide has been revealed as a promising environmentally friendly solvent that is energy efficient, selective and capable of reducing waste, making it a promising alternative to conventional organic solvents. However, reliable and versatile mathematical models of phase equilibrium thermodynamics are needed for the use of supercritical carbon dioxide in process design and viability studies. This book reviews experimental procedures for obtaining high-pressure phase equilibria data and describes the phase diagrams of binary mixtures and some thermodynamic models capable of determining the conditions of phase equilibria at high pressures. These concepts are applied to the components of the transesterification reaction of rac-2-pentanol with a vinyl ester, which is important in the pharmaceutical industry because (S)-2-pentanol can be obtained as a reaction product. This product is a key intermediate in the synthesis of drugs against Alzheimer's disease.

Download or read book Natural Extracts Using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide written by Mamata Mukhopadhyay and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2000-06-27 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Synthesizing research from a wide variety of sources, this work offers a convenient guide to a clean, safe, inexpensive, non-toxic, non-polluting solvent that performs better than most conventional solvents. Natural Extracts Using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide reviews recent developments in the technology and its applications to the food, flavor, fragrance, and pharmaceutical industries. It outlines the many advantages that this method has over traditional methods like steam distillation, solvent extraction, and molecular distillation, and it supports the popular trend toward the use of natural products in these industries.

Download or read book Phase Equilibria of Solid supercritical Carbon Dioxide Solutions written by David Martin Bush and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Phase Equilibria of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide and Hydrocarbon Mixtures written by Hyo-Guk Lee and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Measurement of Phase Equilibria Viscosity and Diffusion in Lipid Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Mixtures written by Peter Thomas Kashulines and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Phase Equilibria of Alkanes in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Determined from Chromatographic Data written by Karen Chandler and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Phase Equilibrium in Systems with Supercritical Carbon Dioxide written by R. A. Snedeker and published by . This book was released on 1955 with total page 71 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book High Pressure Phase Equilibria and Supercritical Fluid Extraction Involving Carbon Dioxide Systems written by David Wayne Jennings and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 558 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Phase Equilibrium in Systems with Supercritical Carbon Dioxide written by Robert Audley Snedeker and published by . This book was released on 1956 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Duarte C M M et al Phase equilibria for capsaicin water ethanol supercritical carbon dioxide written by Željko Knez and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Introduction to Supercritical Fluids written by Richard Smith and published by Newnes. This book was released on 2013-12-08 with total page 764 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text provides an introduction to supercritical fluids with easy-to-use Excel spreadsheets suitable for both specialized-discipline (chemistry or chemical engineering student) and mixed-discipline (engineering/economic student) classes. Each chapter contains worked examples, tip boxes and end-of-the-chapter problems and projects. Part I covers web-based chemical information resources, applications and simplified theory presented in a way that allows students of all disciplines to delve into the properties of supercritical fluids and to design energy, extraction and materials formation systems for real-world processes that use supercritical water or supercritical carbon dioxide. Part II takes a practical approach and addresses the thermodynamic framework, equations of state, fluid phase equilibria, heat and mass transfer, chemical equilibria and reaction kinetics of supercritical fluids. Spreadsheets are arranged as Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) functions and macros that are completely (source code) accessible for students who have interest in developing their own programs. Programming is not required to solve problems or to complete projects in the text. Property worksheets/spreadsheets that are easy to use in learning environments Worked examples with Excel VBA Worksheet functions allow users to design their own processes Fluid phase equilibria and chemical equilibria worksheets allow users to change conditions, study new solutes, co-solvents, chemical systems or reactions

Download or read book Introduction to Supercritical Fluids written by Richard Smith and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-12-08 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Phase Equilibria of Three Chlorinated Hydrocarbons with Near critical and Supercritical Carbon Dioxide written by Cherell Moneak Carr and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seeks to determine solubility values for three chlorinated hydrocarbons: carbon tetrachloride, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, and trichloroethylene in carbon dioxide mixtures.

Download or read book Phase Equilibria in Polymer supercritical CO2 Systems written by Barbara Bonavoglia and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book High Pressure Phase Equilibria in the Carbon Dioxide Pyrrole System written by Kanrakot Thamanavat and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objectives of this work are to measure phase equilibria in the carbon dioxide + pyrrole system and to correlate and predict the phase behavior of this system with a thermodynamic model. This binary system is of interest due to the growing applications of supercritical carbon dioxide as a solvent or reaction medium for pyrrole. Polypyrrole is an electrically conducting polymer of interest in a number of applications such as anti-static coatings. Pyrrole has also been used as a reactant in enzymatic reaction. Knowledge of the phase behavior of carbon dioxide + pyrrole system is therefore necessary for evaluating optimal conditions and feasibility of such applications. Phase equilibria in the carbon dioxide + pyrrole system were measured at 313 K, 323 K, and 333 K using a synthetic method. Liquid-vapor (LV) phase behavior and liquid-liquid (LL) phase behavior were observed. The pressure in the experiments ranged from 84 to 151.1 bar. The Patel-Teja equation of state and the Mathias-Klotz-Prausnitz mixing rule with two temperature independent parameters was able to correlate the phase equilibrium data satisfactorily and was used to predict the phase behavior at other temperatures. A pressure-temperature diagram was then constructed from these calculations and suggests that the carbon dioxide + pyrrole system exhibit type IV phase behavior in the classification of Scott and van Konynenburg.

Download or read book Characterization of Phase Equilibrium Associated with Heterogeneous Polymerizations in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis details research to understand the phase equilibrium associated with heterogeneous polymerizations in supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2), particularly the polymerization of vinylidene fluoride (VF2) in scCO2. Knowledge of the equilibrium between the supercritical fluid and polymer phases may be applied to understanding the mechanisms involved in heterogeneous polymerizations in scCO2. Several experimental systems were developed and/or utilized for measuring the phase equilibrium. These included a system for measuring the swelling of solid polymer particles in the presence of scCO2, a system for measuring the mass sorption and diffusion of supercritical fluids into the polymer phase, and a system for measuring the partitioning of reactant species between the polymer and supercritical fluid phases. The sorption and swelling of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) was measured at conditions similar to those of the polymerizations. The Sanchez-Lacombe equation of state was applied to modeling the binary and ternary phase equilibria for the VF2-CO2-PVDF system. Carbon dioxide exhibits a favorable interaction with PVDF that is enhanced at increasing fluid densities. Additionally, the monomer exhibits a favorable interaction with PVDF that improves the mass sorption into the polymer phase and expands the tunability of the fluid to change the polymer properties. The impact of the phase equilibrium on the precipitation polymerization of vinylidene fluoride in scCO2 is discussed. The bimodal molecular weight distribution of PVDF synthesized in CO2 could be due, in part, to the sorption of VF2 into the polymer phase and the plasticization of the polymer to facilitate propagation of the polymer chains to high molecular weights within the polymer particles. This dissertation provides a foundation for understanding the impact of the phase equilibrium on heterogeneous polymerizations in supercritical carbon dioxide. It provides techniques for identifying and improving co.