Download or read book Persistent Stochastic Shocks in a New Keynesian Model with Uncertainty written by Tobias Kranz and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-09-27 with total page 81 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book introduces the New Keynesian framework, historically through a literature overview and through a step-by-step derivation of a New Keynesian Phillips curve, an intertemporal IS curve, and a targeting rule for the central bank. This basic version is then expanded by introducing cost and demand shocks and uncertainty. The latter enters the model via second order Taylor approximation instead of linearization. Bringing all equations together results in an equilibrium condition which is simulated with a wide range of parameter values, including possible crisis scenarios. The author finds that accounting for uncertainty – regarding growth and inflation expectations – can lead to lower nominal interest rates set by the central bank.

Download or read book Putting the New Keynesian Model to a Test written by Roland Straub and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2006-05 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, New Keynesian dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (NK DSGE) models have become increasingly popular in the academic literature and in policy analysis. However, the success of these models in reproducing the dynamic behavior of an economy following structural shocks is still disputed. This paper attempts to shed light on this issue. We use a VAR with sign restrictions that are robust to model and parameter uncertainty to estimate the effects of monetary policy, preference, government spending, investment, price markup, technology, and labor supply shocks on macroeconomic variables in the United States and the euro area. In contrast to the NK DSGE models, the empirical results indicate that technology shocks have a positive effect on hours worked, and investment and preference shocks have a positive impact on consumption and investment, respectively. While the former is in line with the predictions of Real Business Cycle models, the latter indicates the relevance of accelerator effects, as described by earlier Keynesian models. We also show that NK DSGE models might overemphasize the contribution of cost-push shocks to business cycle fluctuations while, at the same time, underestimating the importance of other shocks such as changes to technology and investment adjustment costs.

Download or read book Monetary Policy with Uncertain Inflation Persistence written by Mr. Luis Brandão-Marques and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2024-03-08 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When uncertain about inflation persistence, central banks are well-advised to adopt a robust strategy when setting interest rates. This robust approach, characterized by a "better safe than sorry" philosophy, entails incurring a modest cost to safeguard against a protracted period of deviating inflation. Applied to the post-pandemic period of exceptional uncertainty and elevated inflation, this strategy would have called for a tightening bias. Specifically, a high level of uncertainty surrounding wage, profit, and price dynamics requires a more front-loaded increase in interest rates compared to a baseline scenario which the policymaker fully understands how shocks to those variables are transmitted to inflation and output. This paper provides empirical evidence of such uncertainty and estimates a New Keynesian Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium (DSGE) model for the euro area to derive a robust interest rate path for the ECB which serves to illustrate the case for insuring against inflation turning out to have greater persistence.

Download or read book The Transmission Channels of Government Spending Uncertainty written by Anna Belianska and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Higher uncertainty about government spending generates a persistent decline in the economic activity in the Euro Area. This paper emphasizes the transmission channels explaining this empirical fact. First, a Stochastic Volatility model is estimated on European government consumption to build a measure of government spending uncertainty. Plugging this measure into a SVAR model, we stress that government spending uncertainty shocks have recessionary, persistent and humped-shaped effects. Second, we develop a New Keynesian model with financial frictions applying to a portfolio of equity and long-term government bonds. We argue that a portfolio effect -- resulting from the imperfect substitutability among both assets -- acts as a critical amplifier of the usual transmission channels.

Download or read book Uncertainty and the Macroeconomy written by Dario Bonciani and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 105 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this thesis, I study from various angles how uncertainty affects macroeconomic activity. Chapter 1 investigates the effects of uncertainty shocks on economic activity in the euro area by means of a Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium (DSGE) model with heterogenous agents and a stylized banking sector. We show that frictions in credit supply amplify the effects of uncertainty shocks on economic activity. This amplification channel stems mainly from the stickiness in bank loan rates. This stickiness reduces the effectiveness in the transmission mechanism of monetary policy. In chapter 2, I provide empirical evidence that uncertainty shocks have strong asymmetric effects on economic activity depending on the phase of the business cycle. In particular, the impulse responses estimated with the local projection method on a smooth-transition model show that in recessions uncertainty shocks strongly dampen economic activity. In an expansion, the effects are reversed, and uncertainty shocks have positive macroeconomic effects. One possible explanation is that during expansions uncertainty fosters investments and economic activity through the "growth options" channel, while in recessions it reduces investments via the "wait-and-see" channel. In chapter 3, I show that shocks to macroeconomic uncertainty negatively affect economic activity both in the short- and in the long-run. In a New Keynesian model with endogenous-growth through investment in R&D, volatility shocks have negative effects in the short-term because of precautionary savings, lower propensity to undertake risky investments and rising markups, and in the long-run because of the fall in R&D investment. The presence of long-run fluctuations in consumption makes agents more risk-averse, which strongly amplifies the effects of uncertainty shocks.

Download or read book Studies in the Economics of Uncertainty written by Thomas B. Fomby and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Studies in the Economics of Uncertainty presents some new developments in the economics of uncertainty produced by leading scholars in the field. The contributions to this Festschrift in honor of Professor Josef Hadar of Southern Methodist University cover a broad range of topics centered on the principle of Stochastic Dominance. Topics covered range from theoretical and statistical developments on Stochastic Dominance to new applications of the Stochastic Dominance Theory. The intended audience includes researchers interested in recent developments in tools used for decision-making under uncertainty as well as economists currently applying Stochastic Dominance principles to the analysis of the Theory of Firm, International Trade, and the Theory of Finance.

Download or read book On the Estimation and Incorporation of Policy Uncertainty in a New Keynesian Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium Model written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The International Transmission of Volatility Shocks written by Haroon Mumtaz and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 67 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This paper proposes an empirical model which can be used to estimate the impact of changes in the volatility of shocks to US real activity on the UK economy. The proposed empirical model is a structural VAR where the volatility of structural shocks is time varying and is allowed to affect the level of endogenous variables. Using this extended SVAR model we estimate that a one standard deviation increase in the volatility of the shock to US real GDP leads to a decline in UK GDP growth of 0.1% and a 0.1% increase in UK CPI inflation. The authors then use a non-linear small open economy New Keynesian business cycle model calibrated to US/UK economies to investigate what kind of stochastic volatility shocks can deliver such behaviour. They find that shocks that generate marginal cost uncertainty - such as foreign wage mark-up and productivity stochastic volatility shocks - can reproduce the macroeconomic aggregate responses obtained by the empirical model. An increase in uncertainty, associated with foreign demand shocks on the other hand has a negligible impact on the domestic economy."--Abstract.

Download or read book On Persistence of Uncertainty Shocks written by Sergey Egiev and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book An Estimated New Keynesian Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium Model of the Euro Area written by Marco Ratto and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book New Keynesian Models written by V. V. Chari and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Macroeconomists have largely converged on method, model design, reduced-form shocks, and principles of policy advice. Our main disagreements today are about implementing the methodology. Some think New Keynesian models are ready to be used for quarter-to-quarter quantitative policy advice; we do not. Focusing on the state-of-the-art version of these models, we argue that some of its shocks and other features are not structural or consistent with microeconomic evidence. Since an accurate structural model is essential to reliably evaluate the effects of policies, we conclude that New Keynesian models are not yet useful for policy analysis.

Download or read book Understanding the Aggregate Effects of Credit Frictions and Uncertainty written by Nathan S. Balke and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper integrates a financial accelerator mechanism à la Bernanke et al. (1999) and time-varying uncertainty into a medium-scale Dynamic New Keynesian model. In our model, uncertainty emerges from monetary policy (policy uncertainty) as well as from financial risks (micro uncertainty) and the aggregate state of the economy (macro uncertainty). We describe the time-variant policy, micro and macro uncertainty using a stochastic volatility model. We use this framework to identify how uncertainty propagates and its interplay with financial frictions. We also investigate how uncertainty affects the propagation of other shocks (TFP, monetary policy shocks).

Download or read book Monetary Policy Inflation and the Business Cycle written by Jordi Galí and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2015-06-09 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The classic introduction to the New Keynesian economic model This revised second edition of Monetary Policy, Inflation, and the Business Cycle provides a rigorous graduate-level introduction to the New Keynesian framework and its applications to monetary policy. The New Keynesian framework is the workhorse for the analysis of monetary policy and its implications for inflation, economic fluctuations, and welfare. A backbone of the new generation of medium-scale models under development at major central banks and international policy institutions, the framework provides the theoretical underpinnings for the price stability–oriented strategies adopted by most central banks in the industrialized world. Using a canonical version of the New Keynesian model as a reference, Jordi Galí explores various issues pertaining to monetary policy's design, including optimal monetary policy and the desirability of simple policy rules. He analyzes several extensions of the baseline model, allowing for cost-push shocks, nominal wage rigidities, and open economy factors. In each case, the effects on monetary policy are addressed, with emphasis on the desirability of inflation-targeting policies. New material includes the zero lower bound on nominal interest rates and an analysis of unemployment’s significance for monetary policy. The most up-to-date introduction to the New Keynesian framework available A single benchmark model used throughout New materials and exercises included An ideal resource for graduate students, researchers, and market analysts

Download or read book Uncertainty Dependent Effects of Monetary Policy Shocks written by Efrem Castelnuovo and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 57 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We estimate a nonlinear VAR model to study the real effects of monetary policy shocks in regimes characterized by high vs. low macroeconomic uncertainty. We find unexpected monetary policy moves to exert a substantially milder impact in presence of high uncertainty. We then exploit the set of impulse responses coming from the nonlinear VAR framework to estimate a medium-scale new-Keynesian DSGE model with a minimum-distance approach. The DSGE model is shown to be able to replicate the VAR evidence in both regimes thanks to different estimates of some crucial structural parameters. In particular, we identify a steeper new-Keynesian Phillips curve as the key factor behind the DSGE models ability to replicate the milder macroeconomic responses to a monetary policy shock estimated with our VAR in presence of high uncertainty. A version of the model featuring firm-specific capital is shown to be associated to estimates of the price frequency which are in line with some recent evidence based on micro data.

Download or read book Business Cycles and Financial Crises written by A. W. Mullineux and published by Bookboon. This book was released on 1990 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book NBER Macroeconomics Annual 2003 written by Mark Gertler and published by Mit Press. This book was released on 2004 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The NBER Macroeconomics Annual presents pioneering work in macroeconomics by leading academic researchers to an audience of public policymakers and the academic community. Each commissioned paper is followed by comments and discussion. This year's edition provides a mix of cutting-edge research and policy analysis on such topics as productivity and information technology, the increase in wealth inequality, behavioral economics, and inflation.

Download or read book More Or Less Aggressive Robust Monetary Policy in a New Keynesian Model with Financial Distress written by Rafael Gerke and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper investigates the optimal monetary policy response to a shock to collateral when policymakers act under discretion and face model uncertainty. The analysis is based on a New Keynesian model where banks supply loans to transaction constrained consumers. Our results confirm the literature on model uncertainty with respect to a cost-push shock. Insuring against model misspecification leads to a more aggressive policy response. The same is true for a shock to collateral. A preference for robustness leads to a more aggressive policy. Increasing the weight attached to interest rate smoothing raises the degree of aggressiveness. Our results indicate that a preference for robustness crucially depends on the way different types of disturbances affect the economy: in the case of a shock to collateral the policymaker does not need to be as much worried about model misspecification as in the case of a conventional cost-push shock.