Download or read book Persistence and Spatial Range of Environmental Chemicals written by Martin Scheringer and published by Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH. This book was released on 2002 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using conventional methodology, chemical risk assessment for the hundreds of thousands of chemicals currently in use is a near-impossible task. Martin Scheringer has pioneered the development of a new concept based on the criteria of persistence and spatial range, and in this book he provides the first coherent introduction. The concept simplifies the assessment of chemicals while still providing meaningful evaluation criteria. The author outlines the features of persistence and spatial range as measures of environmental threats before going on to explain the quantification of these criteria. One unique feature of this book is that it covers both scientific and ethical aspects, since scientific arguments are necessary, yet insufficient for political decisions. A glossary of terms aids comprehension of this interdisciplinary topic, while numerous references provide access to the primary literature. Essential reading for everybody needing to stay in touch with the progress being made in scientific research on environmental chemicals or the current debate on international policy negotiations.
Download or read book Atmospheric Degradation of Organic Substances written by Walter Klöpffer and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-01-08 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This compilation on the degradation of 1,100 commercially important chemical products is the first publication to make this knowledge publicly accessible in one book. The data and annotations have been painstakingly assembled over a 10-year period in a collaboration between academia and regulatory authorities. The work explains in detail the methods, including computational ones, for the environmental assessment of volatile and semi-volatile substances, and is rounded off with data tables of degradation rates. A key resource for manufacturers and regulators of such substances.
Download or read book Persistent Bioaccumulative and Toxic Chemicals II written by Robert Louis Lipnick and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work is "aimed at examining persistent, bioaccumulative, toxic chemicals that undergo slow environmental degradation in air, water, and soil, bioaccumulate in fish and other organisms, and exhibit a high degree of toxicity. This volume examines the fate and behavior of these chemicals, and their food chain transfer and exposure. Chapters cover recent research results and reviews related to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), butyltin, toxaphene, dioxin, alpha-hexachlorocyclohexane and mercury."--Publisher.
Download or read book The Toxic Substances Control Act and Persistent Bioaccumulative and Toxic Chemicals written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Energy and Commerce. Subcommittee on Commerce, Trade, and Consumer Protection and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals OECD Series on Testing and Assessment Report of the OECD UNEP Workshop on the Use of Multimedia Models for Estimating Overall Environmental Persistence and Long Range Transport in the Context of PBTS POPS Assessment written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2002-12-12 with total page 191 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This document contains the report from the OECD/UNEP Workshop on the Use of Multimedia Models for Estimating Overall Persistence and Long-range Transport in the Context of PBTs/POPs Assessment, held on 29-31 October 2001 in Ottawa, Canada, together ...
Download or read book OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals OECD Series on Testing and Assessment Guidance Document on the Use of Multimedia Models for Estimating Overall Environmental Persistance and Long Range Transport written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2004-11-01 with total page 83 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Guidance Document concerns using multimedia models, i.e. generic evaluative models that can calculate overall environmental persistence (Pov) and potential for long-range transport (LTRP) covering multiple compartments such as air, water, sediment and soil.
Download or read book The Fate of Persistent Organic Pollutants in the Environment written by Ebru Mehmetli and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-12-14 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using a scientific approach to identify and take action against persistent organic pollutants (POPs), this book focuses on preventative measures to manage POPs at their source. Readers get a complete overview of existing POPs monitoring activities and programs. Moreover, readers discover the full range of remediation methods and the latest advances in the measurement of POPs. In addition, the authors discuss how POPs affect health.
Download or read book Transport and Fate of Chemicals in the Environment written by John S. Gulliver and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-12 with total page 375 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What happens when a chemical is released into the environment? It diffuses, disperses, adsorbs, reacts, and/or changes state. To predict and analyze this process, the mathematics of diffusion is applied to lakes, rivers, groundwater, the atmosphere, the oceans, and transport between these media. A sustainable world requires a deep understanding of the transport of chemicals through the environment and how to address and harness this process. This volume presents a succinct and in-depth introduction to this critical topic. Featuring authoritative, peer-reviewed articles from the Encyclopedia of Sustainability Science and Technology, Transport and Fate of Chemicals in the Environment represents an essential one-stop reference for an audience of researchers, undergraduate and graduate students, and industry professionals.
Download or read book Ecological Impacts of Toxic Chemicals written by Francisco Sánchez-Bayo, Paul J. van den Brink, Reinier M. Mann and published by Francisco Sanchez-Bayo. This book was released on 2011-09-09 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ecological Impacts of Toxic Chemicals presents a comprehensive, yet readable account of the known disturbances caused by all kinds of toxic chemicals on both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. Topics cover the sources of toxicants, their fate and distribution through the planet, their impacts on specific ecosystems, and their remediation by natural systems. Each chapter is written by well-known specialists in those areas, for the general public, students, and even scientists from outside this field. The book intends to raise awareness of the dangers of chemical pollution in a world dominated by industry and globalization of resources. Because the problems are widespread and far reaching, it is hoped that confronting the facts may prompt better management practices at industrial, agricultural and all levels of management, from local to governmental, so as to reduce the negative impacts of chemical contaminants on our planet.
Download or read book Chemicals in the Environment written by R M Harrison and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2007-10-31 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rising concern in recent years over the possible adverse environmental consequences of the use of chemicals has led to a steady increase in national activity towards greater regulation, as well as voluntary agreements with manufacturers for risk management of certain products. This book begins by reviewing the current framework of legislation for the regulation of chemicals in the UK and then reports expert views on both the current situation and possible future developments. Subsequent chapters consider some of the scientific and technical issues, including the evaluation of the risks which chemicals can pose to human life and the environment, and the problems relating to evaluating the risks associated with metals in the environment. Finally, the predictive methods used to model the behaviour of organic chemicals within the environment are described. Highly topical, and with authoritative contributions from international experts, this book covers both the scientific underpinning and the legislative and practical issues of this emotive subject. The detailed coverage of a topic that affects many sectors of industry and society will make it popular with a wide audience of individuals from government organisations, industry or academic research, particularly those in environmental chemistry sectors.
Download or read book The Foundation for Global Action on Persistent Organic Pollutants written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2002 with total page 167 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Persistent Bioaccumulative and Toxic PBT Chemicals written by Adam D. K. Abelkop and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-10-08 with total page 303 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Developed from the efforts of a multiyear, international project examining how persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic (PBT) chemicals are evaluated and managed, Persistent, Bioaccumulative, and Toxic (PBT) Chemicals: Technical Aspects, Policies, and Practices focuses on improving the processes that govern PBTs. Incorporating science and policy literature—as well as interviews and panel discussions featuring experts from around the world—this book provides you with an international perspective of PBT policies (centering on Europe, Asia, and North America), and reveals major findings and recommendations for improving PBT science, laws, and policies. It includes case studies of specific chemicals, provides an introduction to the overall subject of toxic chemicals, and weighs in on science and policy expansion for PBTs. It also provides summary tables of important PBTs, and discussions on the number of PBTs in commerce, weight of evidence approaches, market deselection, and international management. The text: Assesses the history, current practice, and future of PBT management Considers the roles scientific data, modeling, and conventions play in identifying and regulating PBTs Explores the number of PBTs in commerce and the growing role of weight of evidence (WOE) in the making of PBT determinations Identifies issues that are likely to come up in WOE judgments Examines international, national, subnational, and regional PBT policies Includes a comprehensive and easy-to-understand analysis of PBT science and policy This book reviews the current science, policies, and practices surrounding the regulation of PBTs. It also provides relevant research, recommendations, and suggestions for improving the management and oversight of PBTs.
Download or read book Handbook of Chemical Mass Transport in the Environment written by Louis J. Thibodeaux and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2010-10-21 with total page 636 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive account of the state of the science of environmental mass transport Edited by Louis J. Thibodeaux and Donald Mackay, renowned experts in this field, the Handbook of Chemical Mass Transport in the Environment covers those processes which are critically important for assessing chemical fate, exposure, and risk. In a comprehensive and authoritative format, this unique handbook provides environmental chemists, geoscientists, engineers, and modelers with the essential capabilities to understand and quantify transport. In addition, it offers a one-stop resource on environmental mass transfer and mass transport coefficient estimation methods for all genres. The book begins by discussing mass transport fundamentals from an environmental perspective. It introduces the concept of mobility — key to environmental fate, since transport must occur prior to any reaction or partitioning within the natural multimedia compartments. The fugacity approach to environmental mass transfer and the conventional approach are examined. This is followed by a description of the individual mass transport processes and the appropriate flux equations required for a quantitative expression. The editors have identified 41 individual processes believed to be the most environmentally significant, which form the basis for the remainder of the book Using a consistent format for easy reference, each chapter: Introduces the specific processes Provides a detailed qualitative description Presents key theoretical mathematical formulations Describes field or laboratory measurements of transport parameters Gives data tables and algorithms for numerical estimates Offers a guide for users familiar with the process who are seeking a direct pathway to obtain the numerical coefficients Presents computed example problems, case studies and/or exercises with worked-through solutions and answers The final chapter presents the editors’ insight into future needs and emerging priorities. Accessible and relevant to a broad range of science and engineering users, this volume captures the state of the transport science and practice in this critical area.
Download or read book Hazardous Chemicals in Products and Processes written by Andreas Ahrens and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-01-27 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Substitution of hazardous substances is a prioritised objective in chemical regulation and risk management. However, it is experienced as a tough task with often inconsistent results. Based on thirteen case studies, this book analyzes substitution as an innovation process and attempts to give answers to the following questions: Why and under which circumstances are companies able and willing to substitute hazardous substances? What are the main drivers and the main barriers? In which way can communication along the supply chain support environmental innovation? How can risk management appropriately deal with the lack of knowledge, with uncertainties and incomplete knowledge about the possible effects of different substances? Recommendations for action are provided for commercial and state institutions and consumers and thus for all actors engaged in the European reform of chemicals policy following the REACH system.
Download or read book ENVIRONMENTAL AND ECOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY Volume III written by Aleksandar Sabljic and published by EOLSS Publications. This book was released on 2009-02-04 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Environmental and Ecological Chemistry is a component of Encyclopedia of Chemical Sciences, Engineering and Technology Resources in the global Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS), which is an integrated compendium of twenty one Encyclopedias. The Theme on Environmental and Ecological Chemistry prsents the essential aspects such as: Fundamental Environmental Chemistry; Atmospheric Chemistry; Soil Chemistry; Aquatic Chemistry; Ecological Chemistry; Chemistry of Organic Pollutants Including Agrochemicals. These volumes are aimed at the following five major target audiences: University and College students Educators, Professional practitioners, Research personnel and Policy analysts, managers, and decision makers and NGOs.
Download or read book Integrative Systems Approaches to Natural and Social Dynamics written by M. Matthies and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2001-08-28 with total page 626 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At the start of the new millennium, mankind is challenged by a paradox: the more we know about the world the more uncertain we become in understanding and predicting how it works. This book presents an outline of a new basis for Systems Science, and a methodology for its application in complex environmental, economic, social, and technological systems.
Download or read book Risk Assessment of Chemicals An Introduction written by C.J. van Leeuwen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-09-18 with total page 706 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At last – a second edition of this hugely important text that reflects the progress and experience gained in the last decade and aims at providing background and training material for a new generation of risk assessors. The authors offer an introduction to risk assessment of chemicals as well as basic background information on sources, emissions, distribution and fate processes for the estimation of exposure of plant and animal species in the environment and humans exposed via the environment, consumer products, and at the workplace. The coverage describes the basic principles and methods of risk assessment within their legislative frameworks (EU, USA, Japan and Canada).
