Download or read book Perivascular Adipose Tissue PVAT in Health and Disease written by Stephanie W. Watts and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2018-10-05 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Perivascular Adipose Tissue PVAT in Health and Disease written by and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1991, Soltis and Cassis (Clin Exp Hypertens A 1991 13:277-296) published the first paper that the fat tissue around an artery - perivascular adipose tissue or PVAT - changed how the artery contracted to norepinephrine. Followed later by important work showing that PVAT itself contained vasoactive molecules, the scientific community recognized that PVAT was not simply a store of fat but is a vasoactive tissue that contributes to the functioning and status of the vessel it surrounds. Our goal for this Frontiers Research Topic is to highlight the significant reach of PVAT in vascular function, from contractility to growth in health and in disease. In doing so, we explicitly place findings that can be taken advantage of in creating new therapies for cardiovascular diseases that continue to challenge our community. These include hypertension, atherosclerosis, and diabetes to name a few.
Download or read book Understanding the Potential Mechanisms by which Peri vascular Adipose Tissue PVAT contributes to obesity related Cardiovascular Diseases CVDs written by Dr. Hakim Saboowala and published by Dr.Hakim Saboowala. This book was released on 2020-07-02 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding the Potential Mechanisms by which Peri-vascular Adipose Tissue (PVAT) contributes to obesity-related Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs)., Obesity is a fast-growing problem that is reaching epidemic magnitudes worldwide, affecting both children and adults. It is associated with increased risk of: ü premature death, ü morbidity, and ü mortality from several cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), including: ü stroke, ü coronary heart disease (CHD), ü myocardial infarction, and ü congestive heart failure. Although several studies have substantiated that obesity confers an independent and additive risk of all-cause and cardiovascular death, there is significant variability in these associations, with some lean individuals developing diseases and others remaining healthy despite severe obesity, the so-called metabolically healthy obese. Part of this variability has been attributed to the heterogeneity in both the distribution of body fat and the intrinsic properties of adipose tissue depots, including: ü developmental origin, ü adipogenic and proliferative capacity, ü glucose and lipid metabolism, ü hormonal control, ü thermogenic ability, and ü vascularization. In obesity, these depot-specific differences translate into specific fat distribution patterns, which are closely associated with differential cardiometabolic risks. The adventitial fat layer, also known as perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT), is of major importance. Similar to the visceral adipose tissue, PVAT has a pathophysiological role in CVDs. PVAT influences vascular homeostasis by releasing numerous vasoactive factors, cytokines, and adipokines, which can readily target the underlying smooth muscle cell layers, regulating the vascular tone, distribution of blood flow, as well as angiogenesis, inflammatory processes, and redox status. An effort has been made in this Booklet to summarize the current knowledge and discuss the role of PVAT within the scope of adipose tissue as a major contributing factor to obesity-associated cardiovascular risk along with several relevant illustrations. …Dr. H. K. Saboowala. M.B.(Bom) .M.R.S.H.(London)
Download or read book Microcirculation in Cardiovascular Diseases written by Enrico Agabiti-Rosei and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-10-03 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers an extensive review of the most recent data on the pathophysiological role of structural and functional alterations in the microcirculation, particularly focusing on hypertension and diabetes. It covers several relevant and innovative aspects, including the possible mechanisms involved in the development of microvascular remodeling and rarefaction, the technical approaches available for the detection of microvascular alterations, including non-invasive evaluations, the prognostic role of changes in small resistance artery structure, the possibility of preventing or regressing such alterations with appropriate treatment, and the potential clinical advantages of such intervention. A number of innovative areas of research are considered, including the role of the immune system, inflammation and oxidative stress in the development of microvascular alterations. Lastly, it examines the availability of recent non-invasive methods for the evaluation of small resistance artery morphology in the retina, which in the near future may provide a useful tool for the stratification of cardiovascular risk and even for clinical decisions regarding drug treatment, thus providing physicians with a clinically relevant instrument for improving and optimizing the management of hypertensive and diabetic patients. The book provides valuable, clinically relevant information for specialists (cardiology, internal medicine, and endocrinology) and general practitioners, and also offers novel and stimulating data to basic and clinical researchers.
Download or read book Adipose Tissue and Adipokines in Health and Disease written by Giamila Fantuzzi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-11-06 with total page 397 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a comprehensive survey of adipose tissue, its physiological functions, and its role in disease. The volume spans the entire range of adipose tissue studies, from basic anatomical and physiological research to epidemiology and clinical studies. Groundbreaking recent studies are incorporated into traditional models of adipose tissue properties. A description of the role of macrophages in obesity and metabolism in included.
Download or read book Adipose Tissue in the Cardiovascular Homeostasis and Disease written by Thiago Bruder and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-01-13 with total page 139 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Effects of the Sympathetic Nervous System on Perivascular Adipose Tissue Function in Health and Disease written by Sophie Saxton and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Adipose Tissue in Health and Disease written by Todd Leff and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2010-03-19 with total page 530 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This timely and most comprehensive reference available on the topic covers all the different aspects vital in the fight against the global obesity epidemic. Following a look at adipose tissue development and morphology, the authors go on to examine its metabolic and endocrine functions and its role in disease. The final section deals with comparative and evolutionary aspects of the tissue. The result is an essential resource for cell and molecular biologists, physiologists, biochemists, pharmacologists, and those working in the pharmaceutical industry.
Download or read book The Impact of Adipose Tissue Dysfunction on Cardiovascular and Renal Disease written by Xiaodong Sun and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-02-11 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Textbook of Vascular Medicine written by Rhian M. Touyz and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-08-02 with total page 503 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook focuses on the vascular biology and physiology that underlie vascular disorders in clinical medicine. Vascular biomedicine is a rapidly growing field as new molecular mechanisms of vascular health and disease are unraveled. Many of the major cardiovascular diseases including coronary artery disease, heart failure, stroke and vascular dementia are diseases of the vasculature. In addition vascular injury underpins conditions like kidney failure and cardiovascular complications of diabetes. This field is truly multidisciplinary involving scientists in many domains such as molecular and vascular biology, cardiovascular physiology and pharmacology and immunology and inflammation. Clinically, specialists across multiple disciplines are involved in the management of patients with vascular disorders, including cardiologists, nephrologists, endocrinologists, neurologists and vascular surgeons. This book covers a wide range of topics and provides an overview of the discipline of vascular biomedicine without aiming at in-depth reviews, but rather offering up-to-date knowledge organized in concise and structured chapters, with key points and pertinent references. The structure of the content provides an integrative and translational approach from basic science (e.g. stem cells) to clinical medicine (e.g. cardiovascular disease). The content of this book is targeted to those who are new in the field of vascular biology and vascular medicine and is ideal for medical students, graduate and postgraduate students, clinical fellows and academic clinicians with an interest in the vascular biology and physiology of cardiovascular disease and related pathologies.
Download or read book Role of Exercise in Macrophage Polarization of Perivascular Adipose Tissue and Adipose Tissue Inflammation in Hypertensive Mice Model written by Venkata Sai Usha Sri Polaki and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hypertension, also known as high blood pressure, is a long-term medical condition in which the blood pressure in the arteries is persistently elevated. It can lead to severe health complications and increase the risk of heart disease, stroke, and sometimes death. Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) is known as the adipose tissue (AT) surrounding all the blood vessels and plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of the vascular disease. In vascular pathologies, PVAT increases in volume and becomes dysfunctional, with altered cellular composition and molecular characteristics. Macrophages have been found to accumulate in PVAT during hypertension, which might be involved in the inflammation of hypertension. Inflammation has been shown to play an important role in hypertension; however, the exact mechanisms by which the activated immune cells partly lead to the development and maintenance of hypertension remain to be elucidated. The objective of this study is to determine the role of exercise in the inflammation of AT and PVAT by modulating the polarization of macrophages in hypertensive mice. Renin transgenic (R+) mice have been used as a hypertensive mice model. The PVAT, AT, and plasma samples were collected for the analysis of inflammatory cytokines, macrophages isolation, and polarization. The release of cytokines from AT and PVAT was determined by ELISA and the release of cytokines from plasma was determined by bio plex cytokine analysis. Our ELISA results did not show the changes of exercise on the release of cytokines in AT but could decrease the pro-inflammatory cytokines in PVAT. While our flow cytometry results showed that exercise affected the macrophage polarization in adipose tissue but not in PVAT. Cytokine analysis of plasma samples showed a decrease in pro-inflammatory cytokines IFN-g and IL-6, as well as anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-4 and IL-13, while an increase in IL-10 was noted, which might be related to effects of exercise by alleviating the release of cytokines. Very interestingly, we found that exercise also decreased vascular remodeling in the aorta. In conclusion, our data suggest that exercise might have effects on alleviating inflammation and modulating the polarization of macrophages in AT and PVAT of R+ mice. Further studies and more animal numbers are needed to confirm the protective effect of exercise in modulating the macrophage polarization in the hypertensive mice model.
Download or read book Epicardial Adipose Tissue written by Gianluca Iacobellis and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-03-25 with total page 191 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the first authoritative and comprehensive volume dedicated to epicardial adipose tissue (EAT). It provides an up-to-date and highly illustrated synopsis of the anatomical, biomolecular, genetic, imaging features, and clinical applications of EAT and its role in cardiovascular disease. It relays to the reader a contemporary view of the emerging interplay between the heart and adiposity-related diseases. In addition, this volume discusses the clinical implications and therapeutic targets of EAT in atrial fibrillation, heart failure and coronary artery disease. Comprehensive yet focused, Epicardial Adipose Tissue: From Cell to Clinic is an essential resource for physicians, residents, fellows, and medical students in cardiology, endocrinology, primary care, and health promotion and disease prevention.
Download or read book The ESC Textbook of Vascular Biology written by Rob Krams and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ESC Textbook of Vascular Biology is a rich and clearly laid-out guide by leading European scientists providing comprehensive information on vascular physiology, disease, and research.
Download or read book Perivascular Adipose Tissue and Vessel Contractility in Health and Obesity written by Reza Aghamohammadzadeh and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Basic Sciences for MCEM written by Chetan Trivedy and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-05-15 with total page 771 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a dedicated resource for those sitting the Part A of the MCEM (Membership of the College of Emergency Medicine) examination. It forms an essential revision guide for emergency trainees who need to acquire a broad understanding of the basic sciences, which underpin their approach to clinical problems in the emergency department. Common clinical scenarios are used to highlight the essential underlying basic science principles, providing a link between clinical management and a knowledge of the underlying anatomical, physiological, pathological and biochemical processes. Multiple choice questions with reasoned answers are used to confirm the candidates understanding and for self testing. Unlike other recent revision books which provide MCQ questions with extended answers, this book uses clinical cases linked to the most recent basic science aspects of the CEM syllabus to provide a book that not only serves as a useful revision resource for the Part A component of the MCEM examination, but also a unique way of understanding the processes underlying common clinical cases seen every day in the emergency department. This book is essential for trainees sitting the Part A of the MCEM exam and for clinicians and medical students who need to refresh their knowledge of basic sciences relevant to the management of clinical emergencies.
Download or read book Regulation of Coronary Blood Flow written by Michitoshi Inoue and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-09 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research centering on blood flow in the heart continues to hold an important position, especially since a better understanding of the subject may help reduce the incidence of coronary arterial disease and heart attacks. This book summarizes recent advances in the field; it is the product of fruitful cooperation among international scientists who met in Japan in May, 1990 to discuss the regulation of coronary blood flow.
Download or read book PanVascular Medicine written by Peter Lanzer and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-03-30 with total page 5004 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vascular management and care has become a truly multidisciplinary enterprise as the number of specialists involved in the treatment of patients with vascular diseases has steadily increased. While in the past, treatments were delivered by individual specialists, in the twenty-first century a team approach is without doubt the most effective strategy. In order to promote professional excellence in this dynamic and rapidly evolving field, a shared knowledge base and interdisciplinary standards need to be established. Pan Vascular Medicine, 2nd edition has been designed to offer such an interdisciplinary platform, providing vascular specialists with state-of-the art descriptive and procedural knowledge. Basic science, diagnostics, and therapy are all comprehensively covered. In a series of succinct, clearly written chapters, renowned specialists introduce and comment on the current international guidelines and present up-to-date reviews of all aspects of vascular care.
