Download or read book Peptide Transport and Delivery into the Central Nervous System written by Laszlo Prokai and published by Birkhäuser. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hypo- or hypersecretion, alteration in storage, release, catabolism, and post-translational processing of neuropeptides are associated with the etiology of many diseases affecting the central nervous system (CNS). Various peptides native to the brain and the spinal cord, as well as various synthetic peptides, peptide analogues and peptidomimetics developed as their agonists or antagonists could be useful in the treatment of these CNS maladies. However, peptides face a formidable obstacle in reaching the intended site of action due to the existence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), a vital element in the regulation of the internal environment of the brain and the spinal cord. After reviews on the role and neuropharmaceutical potential of peptides, properties of the BBB in the context of peptide transport in the CNS and potential transport mechanisms to cross the BBB, this volume discusses the development, present state-of-the-art and future trends of various strategies to overcome this major obstacle to peptide pharmacotherapy involving the CNS. Chapters are devoted to cover invasive approaches that circumvent the BBB by direct administration into the brain or the spinal cord and by transiently opening the tight junctions of or permeabilizing the endothelial cells separating the systemic circulation from the interstitial fluid of the CNS. Subsequently, physiologically based strategies that utilize biological carriers to gain access to the CNS are discussed in detail, followed by methods encompassing prodrug and chemical delivery/targeting strategies, which aim at altering the properties of the peptide to enhance BBB transport, and drug delivery strategies based on peptide vectors. Finally, a comparative evaluation on the present status and perspectives of the techniques is presented.
Download or read book Peptide and Amino Acid Transport Mechanisms in the Central Nervous System written by Ljubiša Rakić and published by Stockton Press. This book was released on 1988 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Addresses the regulation, within the brain extracellular fluid, of peptide and amino acid levels, particularly neurotransmitters and neuromodulators. Particular attention is devoted to the way in which peptides may either penetrate the blood-brain barrier or alter its permeability to other solutes. Focuses on central nervous system disease, especially in designing drugs and agents which will penetrate the blood-brain barrier and expert central nervous actions. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Download or read book Drug Delivery to the Central Nervous System written by Kewal K. Jain and published by Humana Press. This book was released on 2009-12-17 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Playing an important role in the treatment of neurological disorders, the delivery of drugs to central nervous system (CNS), both administered directly and administered systematically for targeted action, encounters a major challenge in the form of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which limits the access of drugs to the brain substance. In Drug Delivery to the Central Nervous System, experts in the field present essential methods used to deliver therapeutics across the BBB, both in experimental animals and in humans. In addition to those methods, several overviews of innovative methods and their applications are presented in order to give a glimpse of the future of this research. As a volume in the successful Neuromethods series, this book presents its protocols with the kind of detailed description and implementation advice that is crucial for getting optimal results. Authoritative and cutting-edge, Drug Delivery to the Central Nervous System serves as an ideal guide to scientists continuing to pursue knowledge of the delicate interactions between pharmaceuticals and the brain.
Download or read book Blood Brain Barrier written by David Kobiler and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2001 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 1. Overview of the Structure and Function of the Blood-Brain Barrier in vivo; J. Fenstermacher, et al. 2. Expression and Modulation of Blood-Brain Monocarboxylate Transporters; L.R. Drewes, et al. 3. Neuroprotective and Detoxifying Mechanisms at the Blood-Brain Interfaces; J.-F. Ghersi-Egea, et al. 4. Measurement and Prediction of Blood-Brain Barrier Permeability: In vivo, in silico and in vitro approaches; N.J. Abbott, et al. 5. Recent Advances in the Development of Cell Culture Models for the Blood-Brain and Blood-CSF-Barrier; T. Nitz, et al. 6. Gene Expression Changes and Progression to a BBB Phenotype in a Dynamic Model of the BBB; S.Y. Desai, et al. 7. Novel Endothelial-Mediated Responses Associated with Micro-Circulation and BBB Function; M. Spatz, et al. 8. Modulators of Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB) Permeability: In Vitro and In Vivo Drug Transport to the Brain; A.G. de Boer, et al. 9. Controlled Modulation of the Blood-Brain and Blood-Tumor Barrier Using Novel Lipid Mimetic Compounds; M. Polyak, et al. 10. Carbon Dioxide Gas as an Angiographic Contrast Agent in the Cerebral Circulation; A.J. Wilson, M.M. Boxer. 11. Diffusion MRI and Q-Space Diffusion MRI: From Cerebral Ischemia to Multiple Sclerosis and Beyond; Y. Cohen, et al. 12. Brain Iron Uptake and Transport in Animal Model of Iron Deficiency, Tardive Dyskinesia and Neurodegenerative Diseases; M.B.H. Youdin, et al. 13. Stress, Pyridostigmine and the Blood-Brain Barrier; E. Grauer. 14. Transcytosis and Signalling of Pneumococci at the Blood-Brain Barrier; J.R. Weber, E.I. Tuomanen. 15. Entry of Viruses into the Central Nervous System; J.K. Fazakerley. 16. An Animal Model for the Study of BBB Modulators; D. Kobiler, et al. 17. Physiological Pathways Responsible for the Breakdown of the Blood-Brain Barrier During Viral Encephalitis; C.S. Reiss, N. Chen. 18. Gene Transfer to the Salivary Glands: Application in Gene Therapy; E. Shai, et al. 19. The Effect of Hyperosmotic Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption on Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis; H. Ovadia, et al. 20. Direct In Vivo Evidence for &agr;4-Integrin Mediated Interaction of Encephalitogenic T Cells with Endothelial VCAM-1 in the Spinal Cord White Matter Using Intravital Fluorescence Videomicroscopy; B. Engelhardt, et al. 21. The Blood-Brain Barrier in Immune Mediated Diseases of the Central Nervous System; S. Miron, A. Achiron. 22. Strategies for Increasing Drug Delivery to the Brain: Lessons Derived from Treatment of Brain Tumors; Tl. Siegal. 23. Intraarterial Therpy With or Without Radiation Therapy for Patients with Brain Tumors; S. Madajewicz, et al. 24. Optimizing Drugs for Brain Action; N.H. Greig, et al. 25. The Role of Plasma Protein Binding in Drug Delivery to Brain; Q.R. Smith, et al. 26. Issues Related to Intranasal Delivery of Neuropeptides to Temporal Lobe Targets; M.J. Kubek, et al. 27. Synthesis of Poly(Carboxyphenoxypropane-Sebacic Anhydride) for the Delivery of Drugs to the Brain; A.J. Domb, M. Kubek. 28. Intranasal Delivery of Bioactive Peptides or Peptide Analogues Enhances Spatial Memory and Protects Against Cholinergic Deficits; I. Gozes, et al. 29. Role of Inflammation in Stroke: Benefits or H
Download or read book Biology and Physiology of the Blood Brain Barrier written by Pierre-Olivier Couraud and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The endothelial cells of the cerebral vasculature constitute, together with perivascular elements (astrocytes, pcricytes, basement membrane), the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which strictly limits and specifically controls the exchanges between the blood and the cerebral extracellular spacc.The existence of such a physical, enzymatic, and active barrier isolating the central nervous system has broad physiological, biological, pharmacological, and patho logical consequences, most of which are not yet fully elucidated. The Cerebral Vascular Biology conference (CVB '95) was organized and held at the "Carre des Sciences" in Paris on July I 0-12, 1995. Like the CVB '92 conference held in Duluth, Minnesota, three years ago, the objectives were to provide a forum for presentation of the most recent progresses and to stimulate discussions in the ticld of the biology, physiology. and pathology of the blood-brain barrier. The Paris conference gathered more than !50 participants. including investigators in basic neuroscience, physicians. and stu dents, who actively contributed to the scientific program by their oral or poster presentations. This volume contains a collection of short articles that summarize most of the new data that were presented at the conference. Six thematic parts focus on physiological transports. drug delivery, multidrug resistance P-glycoprotein, signal transduction at the BBB. interactions between the immune system and the cerebral endothelial cells, and the blood-brain barrier-related pathologies in the central nervous system. In addition, two introductory articles present new insights in the rapidly evolving topics of cerebral angiogenesis and gene transfer to the brain.
Download or read book The Blood Brain Barrier and Drug Delivery to the CNS written by Michael Bradbury and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2000-05-16 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This timely and compact monograph addresses how to determine drug permeability across the blood-brain barrier more effectively. Focusing on the physiological mechanisms that influence the passage of agents into the brain, the book covers the latest research on the blood-brain barrier, the current problems of and solutions to drug delivery to the central nervous system (CNS), existing strategies, and prospects for future research. Avoid excessive in vivo experimentation and utilize timesaving in vitro techniques. A concise reference with reviews from nearly 40 international specialists in diverse fields, The Blood-Brain Barrier and Drug Delivery to the CNS assesses the properties of the blood-brain barrier to determine and measure drug permeability in animals and humans presents techniques to predict successful drug uptake through in vitro systems or by computation of physicochemical parameters examines the multidrug resistance protein P-glycoprotein as a natural transporter analyzes current drug designs to known requirements for transport looks at drug delivery systems for the brain and much more! Densely packed with over 800 literature references, drawings, photographs, x-rays, tables, and equations, The Blood-Brain Barrier and Drug Delivery to the CNS is a vital addition to the bookshelves of biochemists, pharmacists, clinical and research pharmacologists, neuroscientists and neurologists, and graduate and medical school students in these disciplines.
Download or read book Drug Delivery to the Brain written by Margareta Hammarlund-Udenaes and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-12-03 with total page 737 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The development of new CNS drugs is notoriously difficult. Drugs must reach CNS target sites for action and these sites are protected by a number of barriers, the most important being the blood –brain barrier (BBB). Many factors are therefore critical to consider for CNS drug delivery, e.g. active/passive transport across the BBB, intra-brain distribution, and central/systemic pharmacokinetics, to name a few. Neurological disease and trauma conditions add further complexity because CNS barriers, drug distribution and pharmacokinetics are dynamic and often changed by disease/trauma. Knowledge of all these factors and their interplay in different conditions is of utmost importance for proper CNS drug development and disease treatment. In recent years much information has become available for a better understanding of the many factors important for CNS drug delivery and how they interact to affect drug action. This book describes small and large drug delivery to the brain with an emphasis on the physiology of the BBB and the principles and concepts for drug delivery across the BBB and distribution within the brain. It contains methods descriptions for studying drug delivery, routes and approaches of administering drugs into the brain, the influence of disease, and drug industry perspectives. Therewith, it contributes to an in-depth understanding of the interplay between brain (patho)-physiology and drug characteristics. Furthermore, the content is designed to be both cutting-edge and educational, so that the book can be used in high-level training of academic and industry scientists with full references to original publications.
Download or read book The Blood Brain Barrier Amino Acids and Peptides written by M. Segal and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Definition of the barrier The interstitial fluid (rSF) of the brain is separated from the blood by the blood-brain barrier (BBB). This barrier must not be thought of as a single entity or as an absolute restriction to all molecules, but as a multiple structure located at several sites within the brain. The first of these interfaces is located at the endothelium of the brain capillaries. Secondly there is a potential site for interchange on the outer linings of the brain between the dura and the arachnoid membranes. Thirdly, there are the choroid plexuses and the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) which is in contact with the very permeable internal ependymal lining of the brain (Figure 1. 1). Finally there are areas of the brain which lack a blood-brain barrier. These areas constitute the circumventricu lar organs and have leaky capillaries with a barrier at the ependyma which limits the spread of molecules from those regions (Figure 1. 2). Each of these BBB sites has its own characteristic permeability and transport functions. We will now consider the properties of each of these barrier sites between the blood and the brain. THE CEREBRAL CAPILLARY ENDOTHELIUM Morphology This interface has both the largest surface area and the shortest path length between the blood and the brain rSF. The cerebral capillaries, which at first sight seem little different from the rest of the systemic circulation, are in fact unique to the brain.
Download or read book The Blood Brain Barrier BBB written by Gert Fricker and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-10-24 with total page 169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Medicinal chemistry is both science and art. The science of medicinal chemistry offers mankind one of its best hopes for improving the quality of life. The art of medicinal chemistry continues to challenge its practitioners with the need for both intuition and experience to discover new drugs. Hence sharing the experience of drug research is uniquely beneficial to the field of medicinal chemistry. Drug research requires interdisciplinary team-work at the interface between chemistry, biology and medicine. Therefore, the topic-related series Topics in Medicinal Chemistry covers all relevant aspects of drug research, e.g. pathobiochemistry of diseases, identification and validation of (emerging) drug targets, structural biology, drugability of targets, drug design approaches, chemogenomics, synthetic chemistry including combinatorial methods, bioorganic chemistry, natural compounds, high-throughput screening, pharmacological in vitro and in vivo investigations, drug-receptor interactions on the molecular level, structure-activity relationships, drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, elimination, toxicology and pharmacogenomics. In general, special volumes are edited by well known guest editors.
Download or read book Nervous System Drug Delivery written by Russell R. Lonser and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2019-06-25 with total page 556 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nervous System Drug Delivery: Principles and Practice helps users understand the nervous system physiology affecting drug delivery, the principles that underlie various drug delivery methods, and the appropriate application of drug delivery methods for drug- and disease-specific treatments. Researchers developing nervous system putative therapeutic agents will use this book to optimize drug delivery during preclinical assessment and to prepare for regulatory advancement of new agents. Clinicians will gain direct insights into pathophysiologic alterations that impact drug delivery and students and trainees will find this a critical resource for understanding and applying nervous system drug delivery techniques. Offers an up-to-date, comprehensive resource on drug delivery to the nervous system Provides a bridge for understanding across nervous system delivery-related physiology, drug delivery principles. and the methodologies that underlie the various methods of drug distribution (with clinical application) Written for a broad audience of researchers, clinicians and advanced graduate students in neuroscience, neurology, neurosurgery, pharmacology, radiology and psychiatry
Download or read book Drug Transport Across the Blood brain Barrier written by A.G. de Boer and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1997-04-08 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The availability of various in vitro and in vivo techniques has considerably advanced the research on drug transport and metabolism across the blood-brain barrier (BBB). These specialized and sophisticated experimental strategies are of fundamental importance if one is to gain a greater understanding of enhanced and selective drug delivery to the brain. The reader will find in this book methods for in vitro endothelial/astrocyte cell culture models, and for in vivo intracerebral microdialysis to study drug tranport across the BBB. This book, however, is not merely a laboratory manual consisting of recipes for BBB research; it permits the presentation of the different methods in fine detail, revealing tricks and short cuts that frequently do not appear in the literature. The researcher is well aware that differences (subtle or otherwise) in experimental steps used in different laboratories may influence the outcome of any particular procedure. The book also illustrates the accessibility and the application of the different methods in different species. Background information of the protocol is given in every chapter, which also contains a literature list that the reader may wish to refer to for further information. This volume will be invaluable to basic researchers as well as to those involved in the search for agents suitable for pharmaceutic intervention in the central nervous system.
Download or read book Pharmacology of the Blood Brain Barrier Targeting CNS Disorders written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2014-09-19 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new volume of Advances in Pharmacology presents pharmacology of the blood brain barrier, focusing on targeting CNS disorders. With a variety of chapters and the best authors in the field, the volume is an essential resource for pharmacologists, immunologists and biochemists alike.
Download or read book Peptide and Protein Delivery written by Chris Van Der Walle and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2011-05-12 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The growing area of peptide and protein therapeutics research is of paramount importance to medical application and advancement. A needed reference for entry level researchers and researchers working in interdisciplinary / collaborative projects, Peptide and Protein Delivery addresses the current and emerging routes for delivery of therapeutics. Covering cerebral delivery, pulmonary delivery, transdermal delivery, intestinal delivery, ocular delivery, parenteral delivery, and nasal delivery, this resource offers an overview of the main routes in therapeutics. Researchers across biochemistry, pharmaceutical, molecular biology, cell biology, immunology, chemistry and biotechnology fields will find this publication invaluable for peptide and protein laboratory research. Discusses the most recent data, ideas and concepts Presents case studies and an industrial perspective Details information from the molecular level to bioprocessing Thought provoking, for the novice to the specialist Timely, for today's biopharmaceuticals market
Download or read book Blood Spinal Cord and Brain Barriers in Health and Disease written by Hari Shanker Sharma and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2003-12-21 with total page 623 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent research into the anatomy and pathophysiology of the blood-brain and blood-spinal cord barriers suggests that a breakdown in these barriers can result in several diseases affecting the central nervous system (CNS). This book presents new findings in the area of blood-brain barrier research that suggest barriers play important roles in health and disease conditions. It also discusses the development of new drugs that can modulate the barrier function in the CNS and may provide new approaches to treating neurological diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and other motor neuron diseases, as well as spinal cord trauma. Key Features * Presents the recent progress made in the research on the blood-brain and spinal cord barrier * Contains numerous illustrations of light and electron micrographs * Includes Foreword written by two eminent researchers in the field, Milton Brightman and Jorge Cervos-Navarro
Download or read book Transport Phenomena in the Nervous System written by Giulio Levi and published by Springer. This book was released on 1976-05 with total page 578 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is more recently becoming increasingly clear, however, that the homeostatic equilibrium, and its physiological and pathological changes, are governed by a complex set of mechanisms residing heterogeneously in a complex set of membranes. Mechanisms residing in the capillary endothelium are of importance - especially in short term penetration studies of administered substances from blood to brain; the physiological and pathological equilibria are likely to be more influenced and governed by mechanisms residing in neuronal, glial, nuclear, and lysosomal membranes, to name a few. For functional importance in turn, mechanisms residing in mitochondrial and synaptosomal membranes are of crucial importance, for transport out of the system those present in choroid plexus among others have to be studied.
Download or read book Neuro AIDS written by Alireza Minagar and published by Nova Publishers. This book was released on 2006 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the past two decades, the world scientific community has witnessed major achievements in our understanding of the pathogenesis of HIV infection of the nervous system and HIV-Associated Dementia (HAD). Despite these giant gains, nervous system involvement during AIDS remains a relentlessly progressive disease with a deadly fate in many cases. This book on NeuroAIDS provides a unique resource for both general neurologists as well as basic neuroscientists with profound interests for research on NeuroAIDS. This book has special emphasis on the mechanisms of disease development and progression of HIV-infected patients with NeuroAIDS. The contributors have provided the readers with comprehensive reviews on clinical manifestations of HAD, mechanisms of HIV entry into the central nervous system, the role of cytokines and chemokines in pathogenesis of NeuroAIDS, drug abuse and NeuroAIDS, virus load in HAD, allostasis in HIV and AIDS, stroke in AIDS patients, and neuroimaging of HIV infection of the central nervous system. In addition, there are chapters on Varicella Zoster virus infection of HIV-seropositive and AIDS patients, as well as the molecular basis for opioids and AIDS virus interactions.
Download or read book Peptide Drug Delivery to the Brain written by William M. Pardridge and published by Raven Press (ID). This book was released on 1991 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discusses new and established strategies for delivering peptides and antibodies through the blood-brain barrier. It reviews concepts on blood-brain barrier transport biology, assesses the utility and limitations of traditional brain drug delivery methods and describes new drug delivery techniques.
