Download or read book Patient Centered Prognosis written by Miller III, Kashani-Sabet, & Sagebiel and published by iUniverse. This book was released on 2013-10-08 with total page 181 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Patient-centered prognosis focuses on individual patients. It is a methodology that generates individually tailored probabilistic predictions of a specified medical outcome that a particular patient may experience. Its predictions are based on observable prognostic factors. Because these predictions are both particular-outcome-specific and individual-patient-specific, achieving predictive accuracy poses a formidable challenge. Nevertheless, the patient-centered methodology (PCM) appears to produce more accurate individually tailored patient predictions than current prognostic practice. PCM achieves its greater predictive accuracy by exploiting several analytical devices. 1. It redesigns and retools each successive stage of the prognostic procedure to predict the particular future outcome that the targeted patient could experience. 2. It identifies the existence, the direction, the shape, and the magnitude of each prognostic factors relationship to the particular outcome as that relationship pertains, specifically, to patients similar to the targeted patient. 3. It relies on internal interrelationships among different prognostic factors and the specified outcome to fill in missing observations so that an individually tailored probabilistic prediction is possible, even with incomplete patient data. PCM is applied to 1,222 melanoma patients from the United States and to 1,225 patients from Finland with invasive breast cancer. Substantial improvements in prognostic accuracy are realized in both applications compared to current prognostic practice. Greater accuracy can lead to better treatment selection decisions and to other improvements in patient management. Greater prognostic accuracy can also eliminate unnecessary medical procedures that are frequently both painful and expensive in treating progressive diseases such as cancer.
Download or read book Evaluation of the Department of Veterans Affairs Mental Health Services written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2018-03-29 with total page 467 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Approximately 4 million U.S. service members took part in the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq. Shortly after troops started returning from their deployments, some active-duty service members and veterans began experiencing mental health problems. Given the stressors associated with war, it is not surprising that some service members developed such mental health conditions as posttraumatic stress disorder, depression, and substance use disorder. Subsequent epidemiologic studies conducted on military and veteran populations that served in the operations in Afghanistan and Iraq provided scientific evidence that those who fought were in fact being diagnosed with mental illnesses and experiencing mental healthâ€"related outcomesâ€"in particular, suicideâ€"at a higher rate than the general population. This report provides a comprehensive assessment of the quality, capacity, and access to mental health care services for veterans who served in the Armed Forces in Operation Enduring Freedom/Operation Iraqi Freedom/Operation New Dawn. It includes an analysis of not only the quality and capacity of mental health care services within the Department of Veterans Affairs, but also barriers faced by patients in utilizing those services.
Download or read book Person Centered Diagnosis and Treatment in Mental Health written by Peter D. Ladd and published by Jessica Kingsley Publishers. This book was released on 2012 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Clients with mental health conditions are often diagnosed and treated using a strictly medical model of diagnosis, with little input from the client themselves.This reference manual takes a person-centered, holistic approach to diagnosis and treatment, seeing the client as the unrecognized expert on their condition and encouraging their collaboration. Designed to complement the DSM-IV, the manual covers several different conditions including ADHD, depression, bulimia, and OCD, as well as mental health 'patterns' such as abuse, bullying, violence and loss. In each case, the client is involved in the diagnosis and treatment plan. the book features extended case studies, sample questions and treatment plans throughout.This will be an essential reference book for all those involved in mental health diagnosis and treatment, including psychologists, psychiatrists, mental health counselors, clinical social workers, school counselors and therapists.
Download or read book Delivering High Quality Cancer Care written by Committee on Improving the Quality of Cancer Care: Addressing the Challenges of an Aging Population and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2014-01-10 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the United States, approximately 14 million people have had cancer and more than 1.6 million new cases are diagnosed each year. However, more than a decade after the Institute of Medicine (IOM) first studied the quality of cancer care, the barriers to achieving excellent care for all cancer patients remain daunting. Care often is not patient-centered, many patients do not receive palliative care to manage their symptoms and side effects from treatment, and decisions about care often are not based on the latest scientific evidence. The cost of cancer care also is rising faster than many sectors of medicine--having increased to $125 billion in 2010 from $72 billion in 2004--and is projected to reach $173 billion by 2020. Rising costs are making cancer care less affordable for patients and their families and are creating disparities in patients' access to high-quality cancer care. There also are growing shortages of health professionals skilled in providing cancer care, and the number of adults age 65 and older--the group most susceptible to cancer--is expected to double by 2030, contributing to a 45 percent increase in the number of people developing cancer. The current care delivery system is poorly prepared to address the care needs of this population, which are complex due to altered physiology, functional and cognitive impairment, multiple coexisting diseases, increased side effects from treatment, and greater need for social support. Delivering High-Quality Cancer Care: Charting a New Course for a System in Crisis presents a conceptual framework for improving the quality of cancer care. This study proposes improvements to six interconnected components of care: (1) engaged patients; (2) an adequately staffed, trained, and coordinated workforce; (3) evidence-based care; (4) learning health care information technology (IT); (5) translation of evidence into clinical practice, quality measurement and performance improvement; and (6) accessible and affordable care. This report recommends changes across the board in these areas to improve the quality of care. Delivering High-Quality Cancer Care: Charting a New Course for a System in Crisis provides information for cancer care teams, patients and their families, researchers, quality metrics developers, and payers, as well as HHS, other federal agencies, and industry to reevaluate their current roles and responsibilities in cancer care and work together to develop a higher quality care delivery system. By working toward this shared goal, the cancer care community can improve the quality of life and outcomes for people facing a cancer diagnosis.
Download or read book Dying in America written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2015-03-19 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For patients and their loved ones, no care decisions are more profound than those made near the end of life. Unfortunately, the experience of dying in the United States is often characterized by fragmented care, inadequate treatment of distressing symptoms, frequent transitions among care settings, and enormous care responsibilities for families. According to this report, the current health care system of rendering more intensive services than are necessary and desired by patients, and the lack of coordination among programs increases risks to patients and creates avoidable burdens on them and their families. Dying in America is a study of the current state of health care for persons of all ages who are nearing the end of life. Death is not a strictly medical event. Ideally, health care for those nearing the end of life harmonizes with social, psychological, and spiritual support. All people with advanced illnesses who may be approaching the end of life are entitled to access to high-quality, compassionate, evidence-based care, consistent with their wishes. Dying in America evaluates strategies to integrate care into a person- and family-centered, team-based framework, and makes recommendations to create a system that coordinates care and supports and respects the choices of patients and their families. The findings and recommendations of this report will address the needs of patients and their families and assist policy makers, clinicians and their educational and credentialing bodies, leaders of health care delivery and financing organizations, researchers, public and private funders, religious and community leaders, advocates of better care, journalists, and the public to provide the best care possible for people nearing the end of life.
Download or read book Smith s Patient Centered Interviewing An Evidence Based Method Third Edition written by Auguste H. Fortin and published by McGraw Hill Professional. This book was released on 2012-05-11 with total page 349 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive, evidence-based introduction to the principles and practices of patient communication in a clinical setting Endorsed by the American Academy on Communication for Healthcare Updated and expanded by a multidisciplinary team of medical experts, Smith’s Patient-Centered Interviewing, Third Edition presents a step-by-step methodology for mastering every aspect of the medical interview. You will learn how to confidently obtain from patients accurate biomedical facts, as well as critical personal, social, and emotional information, allowing you to make precise diagnoses, develop effective treatment plans, and forge strong clinician-patient relationships. The most evidence-based guide available on this topic, Smith’s Patient-Centered Interviewing applies the proven 5-Step approach, which integrates patient- and clinician-centered skills to improve effectiveness without adding extra time to the interview’s duration. Smith’s Patient-Centered Interviewing covers everything from patient-centered and clinician-centered interviewing skills, such as: Patient education Motivating for behavior change Breaking bad news Managing different personality styles Increasing personal awareness in mindful practice Nonverbal communication Using computers in the exam room Reporting and presenting evaluations Companion video and teaching supplement are available online. Read details inside the book.
Download or read book Patient Centered Cancer Treatment Planning written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-09-18 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Each year approximately 1.5 million people are diagnosed with cancer in the United States, most of whom inevitably face difficult decisions concerning their course of care. Recognizing challenges associated with cancer treatment, the National Coalition for Cancer Survivorship (NCCS) and the National Cancer Policy Forum (NCPF) of the Institute of Medicine (IOM) hosted a public workshop in Washington, DC on February 28 and March 1, 2011, entitled Patient-Centered Cancer Treatment Planning: Improving the Quality of Oncology Care. This workshop summary includes an overview of patient-centered care and cancer treatment planning, as well as subject areas on shared decision making, communication in the cancer care setting, and patient experiences with cancer treatment. Best practices, models of treatment planning, and tools to facilitate their use are also discussed, along with policy changes that may promote patient-centeredness by enhancing patient's understanding of and commitment to the goals of treatment through shared decision-making process with their healthcare team from the moment of diagnosis onward. Moreover, Patient-Centered Cancer Treatment Planning emphasizes treatment planning for patients with cancer at the time diagnosis.
Download or read book Crossing the Quality Chasm written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2001-07-19 with total page 359 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Second in a series of publications from the Institute of Medicine's Quality of Health Care in America project Today's health care providers have more research findings and more technology available to them than ever before. Yet recent reports have raised serious doubts about the quality of health care in America. Crossing the Quality Chasm makes an urgent call for fundamental change to close the quality gap. This book recommends a sweeping redesign of the American health care system and provides overarching principles for specific direction for policymakers, health care leaders, clinicians, regulators, purchasers, and others. In this comprehensive volume the committee offers: A set of performance expectations for the 21st century health care system. A set of 10 new rules to guide patient-clinician relationships. A suggested organizing framework to better align the incentives inherent in payment and accountability with improvements in quality. Key steps to promote evidence-based practice and strengthen clinical information systems. Analyzing health care organizations as complex systems, Crossing the Quality Chasm also documents the causes of the quality gap, identifies current practices that impede quality care, and explores how systems approaches can be used to implement change.
Download or read book Patient Centered Medicine written by David H. Rosen and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017-03-24 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Patient-Centered Medicine: A Human Experience emphasizes the health professional's role in caring for patients as unique individuals by focusing on the patients' psychological and social realities as well as their biological needs. The book concerns itself with caring for the whole patient, and outlines the basic principles involved in developing a biopsychosocial approach to medical practice. This is a volume of guidelines that will help medical students and clinicians develop and master basic attitudes and skills essential to providing empathic and comprehensive medical care. As Norman Cousins writes in the foreword, 'The authors understand and repeatedly demonstrate in this book, that the patient-physician relationship is a powerful, sometimes mysterious, frequently healing interaction between human beings. It is the person of the doctor and the presence of the doctor-just as much and frequently more than-what the doctor does that creates an environment for healing. The physician represents restoration. The physician holds the lifeline.' Since the book's original publication by University Park Press in 1984, greater awareness and acceptance of the biopsychosocial model has occurred, and medical schools are now working to fully integrate psychosocial education into the clinical curriculum.
Download or read book Through the Patient s Eyes written by Margaret Gerteis and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2002-05-03 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sponsored by the Picker/Commonwealth Program for Patient-Centered Care In this comprehensive, research-based look at the experiences and needs of patients, the authors explore models of care that can make hospitalization more humane. Through the Patient's Eyes provides insights into why some hospitals are more patient-centered than others; how physicians can become more involved in patient-centered quality efforts; and how patient-centered quality can be integrated into health care policy, standards, and regulations. The authors show how, by bringing the patient's perspective to the design and delivery of health services, providers can improve their ability to meet patient's needs and enhance the quality of care.
Download or read book Patient Centered Medicine written by Moira Stewart and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2024-03-06 with total page 454 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Patient-Centered Clinical Method (PCCM) has been a core tenet of the practice and teaching of medicine since the first edition of Patient-Centered Medicine - Transforming the Clinical Method was published in 1995. This timely fourth edition continues to define the principles underpinning the patient-centered clinical method using four major components, clarifying its evolution and consequent development, and it brings the reader fully up to date. It reinforces the relevance of the method in the current much-changed realities of health care in a world where virtual care will remain common, dependence on technology is rising, and societal changes away from compassion, equity, and relationships toward confrontation, inequity, and self-absorption. Fully revised by its highly experienced author team ensuring wide interest and written for those practising now and for the practitioners of the future, this new edition will be welcomed by a wide international audience comprising all health professionals from medicine, nursing, social work, occupational therapy, physical therapy, pharmacy, veterinary medicine, and other fields.
Download or read book Palliative Care written by Geoff Mitchell and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-05-08 with total page 133 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Series Editors: Moira Stewart, Judith Belle Brown and Thomas R Freeman As the population in western cultures ages, more people suffer chronic, ultimately life-limiting diseases and medical professionals need to be equipped to cope with the ever growing pressure of palliative care. This book gives guidance on how to approach patients with life limiting illness. While the problems most people present to the doctor appear relatively straightforward, a whole person approach to understanding the complex interaction between the person, their illness and their environment should lead to a more complete consideration of the illness and better health outcomes. For issues of palliative care, such an approach is essential to identify and meet the many needs of desperately ill people. Palliative Care offers a fresh look at the management of patients. With international, evidence-based contributions, the book suggests practical and challenging ways to care for the dying. It is ideal for all healthcare professionals working in palliative care, General Practitioners and medicine and healthcare students.
Download or read book Treatment Planning for Person Centered Care written by Neal Adams and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-10-21 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Treatment Planning for Person-Centered Care, second edition, guides therapists in how to engage clients in building and enacting collaborative treatment plans that result in better outcomes. Suitable as a reference tool and a text for training programs, the book provides practical guidance on how to organize and conduct the recovery plan meeting, prepare and engage individuals in the treatment planning process, help with goal setting, use the plan in daily practice, and evaluate and improve the results. Case examples throughout help clarify information applied in practice, and sample documents illustrate assessment, objective planning, and program evaluation. - Presents evidence basis that person-centered care works - Suggests practical implementation advice - Case studies translate principles into practice - Addresses entire treatment process from assessment & treatment to outcome evaluation - Assists in building the skills necessary to provide quality, person-centered, culturally competent care in a changing service delivery system - Utilizes sample documents, showing examples of how to write a plan, etc. - Helps you to improve the quality of services and outcomes, while maintain optimum reimbursement
Download or read book Improving Diagnosis in Health Care written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2015-12-29 with total page 473 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Getting the right diagnosis is a key aspect of health care - it provides an explanation of a patient's health problem and informs subsequent health care decisions. The diagnostic process is a complex, collaborative activity that involves clinical reasoning and information gathering to determine a patient's health problem. According to Improving Diagnosis in Health Care, diagnostic errors-inaccurate or delayed diagnoses-persist throughout all settings of care and continue to harm an unacceptable number of patients. It is likely that most people will experience at least one diagnostic error in their lifetime, sometimes with devastating consequences. Diagnostic errors may cause harm to patients by preventing or delaying appropriate treatment, providing unnecessary or harmful treatment, or resulting in psychological or financial repercussions. The committee concluded that improving the diagnostic process is not only possible, but also represents a moral, professional, and public health imperative. Improving Diagnosis in Health Care, a continuation of the landmark Institute of Medicine reports To Err Is Human (2000) and Crossing the Quality Chasm (2001), finds that diagnosis-and, in particular, the occurrence of diagnostic errorsâ€"has been largely unappreciated in efforts to improve the quality and safety of health care. Without a dedicated focus on improving diagnosis, diagnostic errors will likely worsen as the delivery of health care and the diagnostic process continue to increase in complexity. Just as the diagnostic process is a collaborative activity, improving diagnosis will require collaboration and a widespread commitment to change among health care professionals, health care organizations, patients and their families, researchers, and policy makers. The recommendations of Improving Diagnosis in Health Care contribute to the growing momentum for change in this crucial area of health care quality and safety.
Download or read book Gulf War Veterans written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2001-08-30 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ten years after the end of the Gulf War, questions continue to be raised about the health of U.S. service personnel who fought in that war. A primary concern is whether Gulf War veterans are receiving effective treatments for their health problems. Section 105 of the Veterans Program Enhancement Act of 1998 mandates that the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) ask the Institute of Medicine (IOM) to convene a committee that would identify a method for assessing treatment effectiveness and describe already-validated treatments for Gulf War veterans' health problems, including the problem of medically unexplained symptoms. The specific charge to the committee is to (1) identify and describe approaches for assessing treatment effectiveness; (2) identify illnesses and conditions among veterans of the Gulf War, using data obtained from the VA and the Department of Defense (DoD) Gulf War Registries, as well as information in published articles; and (3) for these identified conditions and illnesses, identify validated models of treatment (to the extent that such treatments exist), or identify new approaches, theories, or research on the management of patients with these conditions if validated treatment models are not available.
Download or read book Registries for Evaluating Patient Outcomes written by Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality/AHRQ and published by Government Printing Office. This book was released on 2014-04-01 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This User’s Guide is intended to support the design, implementation, analysis, interpretation, and quality evaluation of registries created to increase understanding of patient outcomes. For the purposes of this guide, a patient registry is an organized system that uses observational study methods to collect uniform data (clinical and other) to evaluate specified outcomes for a population defined by a particular disease, condition, or exposure, and that serves one or more predetermined scientific, clinical, or policy purposes. A registry database is a file (or files) derived from the registry. Although registries can serve many purposes, this guide focuses on registries created for one or more of the following purposes: to describe the natural history of disease, to determine clinical effectiveness or cost-effectiveness of health care products and services, to measure or monitor safety and harm, and/or to measure quality of care. Registries are classified according to how their populations are defined. For example, product registries include patients who have been exposed to biopharmaceutical products or medical devices. Health services registries consist of patients who have had a common procedure, clinical encounter, or hospitalization. Disease or condition registries are defined by patients having the same diagnosis, such as cystic fibrosis or heart failure. The User’s Guide was created by researchers affiliated with AHRQ’s Effective Health Care Program, particularly those who participated in AHRQ’s DEcIDE (Developing Evidence to Inform Decisions About Effectiveness) program. Chapters were subject to multiple internal and external independent reviews.
Download or read book Biological Mechanism Based and Patient Centered Management of Cancer Related Symptoms and Syndromes written by Antonio Macciò and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2019-03-22 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The lack of recovery prospects in advanced cancer patients has often led to neglect important achievable therapeutic objectives, such as Quality of Life (QL) improvement, aimed at preserving, for as long as possible, patient integration with their family and social environment. In fact, traditional antineoplastic therapy protocols have been for a long time designed to demonstrate an advantage in clinical response and survival but have ignored essential supportive therapies and psychological and social well-being safeguard programs. Recent research of early integrated palliative care, including supportive care, aimed to obtain patient-centered therapeutic objectives. Noteworthy, advanced cancer patients often present a multiplicity of signs and symptoms responsible for physical impairment and reduction of functional abilities with consequent impossibility of carrying out the common daily activities. Additionally, the psycho-emotional integrity, the maintenance of family and social relationships and the spiritual issues contribute substantially to the optimal patients’ QL. Then, in the care of cancer patients their physical, psychological, social and spiritual needs should be globally addressed. In this context, cancer-related symptoms, which often occur in advanced stage cancer patients and can be either improved or worsened by the antineoplastic therapy, should be treated simultaneously with the planning and implementation of the most appropriate antineoplastic therapy. Therefore, any therapeutic approach should ideally be introduced within a context of the “best supportive care”, which includes optimal symptom management. To obtain this scope, the knowledge and awareness of the biological specificity of the disease and patient psychosocial interactions can no longer be considered optional by the multidisciplinary medical team in charge. To date, many of the mechanisms at the basis of the pathogenesis of many cancer-related symptoms are far from being fully understood. Consequently, an effective treatment is yet lacking and represent an unmet need in oncology clinical practice. This Research Topic includes articles in the field of biochemical, and molecular investigations, physiological and clinical studies related to the pathogenesis and potential targeted approaches of some important cancer signs and symptoms. We focused on cachexia, anorexia, muscle wasting, osteopenia, cancer-related anemia, physical inactivity and fatigue. The Research Topic includes Original Research, Review and Perspective articles.
