Download or read book Pathways to Improved Stability in Organic inorganic Halide Perovskite Photovoltaic Materials written by Rachel Ellen Beal and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The development of reliable, cost-effective, carbon-free energy resources is paramount in mounting a response to climate change that ensures global welfare and economic stability. While a complete decarbonized energy portfolio will include a range of renewable energy technologies, there is no question that solar solar energy should be used to meet an appreciable portion of energy demand. While solar energy has already achieved grid parity, or has a lower levelized cost than electricity from coal-fired power plants, in many U.S. states and other countries around the world, further reductions in cost are still needed. Organic-inorganic metal halide perovskite (OIHP) photovoltaics offer a promising route to reducing the dollars per watt cost of solar energy because they can be deposited via scalable, low cost methods and still achieve high performance. OIHP processing methods such as slot-die coating could be easily integrated into the existing silicon PV infrastructure to make perovskite-on-silicon tandems that outperform current modules for a minimal increase in cost. This thesis will explore several factors limiting the stability and performance of OIHPs that currently prevent their widespread deployment in the PV market. First, it will show that the thermal stability of OIHP materials can be improved through chemical substitution of cesium for the inorganic methylammonium cation. Cesium substitution also improves stability to a more pernicious degradation mechanism: phase segregation of the halide anions under illumination. Tuning chemical composition of OIHPs through halide substitution also tunes the band gap across the ideal range for perovskite-on-silicon tandem solar cells, but segregation of the different halide ions results in the formation of low band gap domains that act as recombination centers and limit the voltage of devices. Fully-inorganic perovskite semiconductors do not achieve the same high photoconversion efficiencies as OIHPs, so next, the impact of incremental cesium substitution in formamidinium lead halide perovskite materials, which have comparable thermal stability, is explored. Structural characterization is coupled with time-dependent photoluminescence to study a range of alloyed formamidinium cesium perovskites. Because cesium and formamidinium have different ionic radii, structural changes are observed as the composition of the alloys is varied, but these structural changes are not perfectly correlated with the observed changes in stability to phase segregation. While several conflicting mechanisms for phase segregation have been proposed in the literature, the experimental data presented here cannot isolate which, if any, are correct. The final chapter will highlight an alternative approach to both understanding and mitigating photo-induced phase segregation. Halide diffusion is a vacancy-mediated process, so phase segregation is necessarily tied to defect chemistry, but very few empirical studies have been done. Here, a method for probing the concentration of halide vacancies using \emph{in situ} X-ray diffraction is demonstrated. Preliminary results are presented and are in agreement with vacancy concentrations on the order of tenths of a percent predicted by first principles calculations. Altogether, this work maps out several pathways to improved stability for high-efficiency OIHP materials so that they can realize their potential in the next generation of renewable energy technologies.

Download or read book Organic Inorganic Halide Perovskite Photovoltaics written by Nam-Gyu Park and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-07-25 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers fundamentals of organometal perovskite materials and their photovoltaics, including materials preparation and device fabrications. Special emphasis is given to halide perovskites. The opto-electronic properties of perovskite materials and recent progress in perovskite solar cells are described. In addition, comments on the issues to current and future challenges are mentioned.

Download or read book Halide Perovskites written by Tze-Chien Sum and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-03-25 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Real insight from leading experts in the field into the causes of the unique photovoltaic performance of perovskite solar cells, describing the fundamentals of perovskite materials and device architectures. The authors cover materials research and development, device fabrication and engineering methodologies, as well as current knowledge extending beyond perovskite photovoltaics, such as the novel spin physics and multiferroic properties of this family of materials. Aimed at a better and clearer understanding of the latest developments in the hybrid perovskite field, this is a must-have for material scientists, chemists, physicists and engineers entering or already working in this booming field.

Download or read book Multifunctional Organic Inorganic Halide Perovskite written by Nam-Gyu Park and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-03-10 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Perovskite is a well-known structure with the chemical formula ABX3, where A and B are cations coordinated with 12 and 6 anions, respectively, and X is an anion. When a halogen anion is used, the monovalent A and divalent B cations can be stabilized with respect to a tolerance factor ranging from ~0.8 to 1. Since the first report on ~10% efficiency and long-term stability of solid-state perovskite solar cells (PSCs) in 2012 and two subsequent seed reports on perovskite-sensitized solar cells in 2009 and 2011, PSCs have received increasing attention. The power conversion efficiency of PSCs was certified to be more than 25% in 2020, surpassing thin-film solar cell technologies. Methylammonium or formamidinium organic ion–based lead iodide perovskite has been used for high-efficiency PSCs. The first report on solid-state PSCs triggered perovskite photovoltaics, leading to more than 23,000 publications as of October 2021. In addition, halide perovskite has shown excellent performance when applied to light-emitting diodes (LEDs), photodetectors, and resistive memory, indicating that halide perovskite is multifunctional. This book explains the electro-optical and ferroelectric properties of perovskite and details the recent progress in scalable and tandem PSCs as well as perovskite LEDs and resistive memory. It is a useful textbook and self-help study guide for advanced undergraduate- and graduate-level students of materials science and engineering, chemistry, chemical engineering, and nanotechnology; for researchers in photovoltaics, LEDs, resistive memory, and perovskite-related opto-electronics; and for general readers who wish to gain knowledge about halide perovskite.

Download or read book Improve the Stability of Organic inorganic Hybrid Perovskite by Vapor solid Reaction written by Xiaozhou Yu and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract Organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites, such as CH3NH3PbI3 and NH2CH=NH2PbI3, emerge as a new class of low-cost semiconductors that have the potential applications in high-efficiency photovoltaic cells, light emitting diodes, lasers, and sensors. However, hybrid perovskites can be easily degraded by H2O, O2, and light in ambient conditions. To improve the stability of hybrid perovskites, we carried out a comprehensive study including the degradation kinetics and surface modification by vapor-solid reactions for encapsulation. The degradation kinetics of perovskites were studied by using in situ methods. We found CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite degrades slowly at 85°C. This result indicates hybrid perovskites alone is not stable in the working conditions. We enhanced the stability of perovskites by surface modification through studying the surface reaction mechanism on perovskites. We found that by increasing the partial pressure of vapor reactants such as pyridine, the vapor-perovskite reactions will change from surface terminated reaction to bulk transformation reactions. A thin pin-hole free oxide barrier layer cannot only block H2O and O2 from meeting perovskites but also encapsulate the gas byproducts from the degradation reactions to stop the reversible degradation reaction. Atomic layer deposition (ALD) is a promising method to deposit a pinhole-free metal oxide barrier film onto perovskites. Although there are numerous reports in applying ALD on hybrid perovskites, the nucleation mechanism of ALD on these perovskites are poorly understood. Herein, we will present our findings about the atomic level surface reaction mechanism during ALD on perovskite-related substrates. Collectively, we are able to create a couple of new pathways to improve the stability of perovskite materials.

Download or read book Perovskite based Materials for Energy Storage Devices written by Inamuddin and published by Materials Research Forum LLC. This book was released on 2023-11-05 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Perovskite supercapacitors have a promising future in the area of energy storage; due to their superior optoelectronic characteristics, simple device construction and increased efficiency. The book focuses on organic-inorganic perovskite solar cells (PSCs); organometallic halides-based perovskite solar cells (OMHP-SCs); power conversion efficiency (PCE); ferroelectric-based perovskites; recycling of perovskite-based solar cell modules; lead-free perovskite solar cells (PSCs); and inorganic tin perovskite solar cells. Keywords: Energy Storage, Solar Cells, Perovskite Supercapacitors, Organometallic Halides-Based Perovskite, Ferroelectric Materials, Recycling and Recovery of Solar Cells, Lead-Free Perovskite Solar Cells, Organic/Inorganic Based Hybrid Perovskite, Optical Absorption, Charge Transfer, Raw Materials, Optoelectronic Characteristics, Device Construction Procedure, Environmental Instability, Power Conversion Efficiency, Passivation Techniques, Capacitors, Fuel Cells, Toxicity of Lead, Cost Analysis of Recycling, AHP Methodology.

Download or read book Multifunctional Organic Inorganic Halide Perovskite written by Nam-Gyu Park and published by Jenny Stanford Publishing. This book was released on 2022-02-28 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book details the recent progress in halide perovskite photovoltaics, LEDs, and resistive memory, as well as the fundamentals of organic-inorganic halide perovskite.

Download or read book Hybrid Organic Inorganic Perovskites written by Li Wei and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-10-19 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites (HOIPs) have attracted substantial interest due to their chemical variability, structural diversity and favorable physical properties the past decade. This materials class encompasses other important families such as formates, azides, dicyanamides, cyanides and dicyanometallates. The book summarizes the chemical variability and structural diversity of all known hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites subclasses including halides, azides, formates, dicyanamides, cyanides and dicyanometallates. It also presents a comprehensive account of their intriguing physical properties, including photovoltaic, optoelectronic, dielectric, magnetic, ferroelectric, ferroelastic and multiferroic properties. Moreover, the current challenges and future opportunities in this exciting field are also been discussed. This timely book shows the readers a complete landscape of hybrid organic-inorganic pervoskites and associated multifuctionalities.

Download or read book Improving Efficiency and Stability of Perovskite Tandem Photovoltaics written by Caleb Clifford Boyd and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Organic-inorganic metal halide perovskites are a class of semiconductor materials with excellent optoelectronic properties that hold promise for applications including photovoltaics, light-emitting diodes, and detectors. They are fabricated from low-cost, scalable solution processing or vapor deposition methods and have readily tunable optoelectronic properties through manipulation of chemical composition. This unique combination of materials properties has opened the door for low-cost tandem photovoltaics, in which a wide band gap perovskite solar cell is paired with a low band gap solar cell such as silicon, copper indium gallium diselenide, or low band gap perovskites, reducing thermalization losses that are intrinsic to single junction solar cells and enabling higher power conversion efficiencies. However, to enable commercialization of this new technology, the stability of metal halide perovskites must be improved. In this dissertation, I first describe the current understanding of degradation mechanisms for metal halide perovskite solar cells and methods to prevent them. I then discuss in detail metal oxide barrier layer design to prevent oxygen and moisture ingress and reactions between halogen species from the perovskite film and metal contacts and use these barrier layers to demonstrate efficient devices that have state-of-the-art operational and thermal stabilities. I then apply these learnings to highly efficient perovskite/silicon tandems, enabled by a stable device architecture and a novel, triple-halide (I, Br, Cl) perovskite with excellent photostability and optoelectronic properties enabled by the addition of chlorine into the lattice. I conclude with an in-depth study of interfacial reactions between the perovskite and nickel oxide, a highly desirable hole transport layer for efficient and stable perovskite tandem solar cells and demonstrate a method to prevent these reactions, improving device voltages and efficiencies.

Download or read book Perovskite and Piezoelectric Materials written by Someshwar Pola and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2021-01-27 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Investigating in the area of perovskite materials and the fabrication of devices for properties in optoelectronics, we have presented a brief outline of perovskite materials. The authors present a fairly comprehensive arrangement of this very active area of research, with its past changes and present position and outlooks. Discussions are presented regarding photocatalysis, fabrication of solar cell devices and their stability, lead-free materials, as well as thermoelectric and piezoelectric applications. In view of the present status of perovskite materials, I am assured that each chapter of the book will be of boundless encouragement for researchers, scientists, and academicians working in this field.

Download or read book Emerging Solar Energy Materials written by Sadia Ameen and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2018-08-01 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides the fundamental understanding of the functioning of solar cellsand the materials for the effective utilization of energy resources. The main objective of writing this book is to create a comprehensive and easy-to-understand source of information on the advances in the rapidly growing research on solar cells. Emerging Solar Energy Materials comprises 12 chapters written by the experts in the solar cell field and is organized with the intention to provide a big picture of the latest progress in the solar cell field and at the same time give an in-depth discussion on fundamentals of solar cells for interested audiences. In this book, each part opens with a new author's essay highlighting their work for contribution toward solar energy. Critical, cutting-edge subjects are addressed, including: Photovoltaic device technology and energy applications; Functional solar energy materials; New concept in solar energy; Perovskite solar cells; Dye-sensitized solar cells; Organic solar cells; Thin-film solar cells. The book is written for a large and broad readership including researchers and university graduate students from diverse backgrounds such as chemistry, physics, materials science, and photovoltaic device technology. The book includes enough information on the basics to be used as a textbook undergraduate coursework in engineering and the sciences.

Download or read book High Performance Solution processed Perovskite Photovoltaics by Novel Materials written by Rui Chen (Polymer Engineer) and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Organic-inorganic halide perovskites have been the next generation photovoltaics as it excellent photoelectronic properties. This thesis mainly reported novel photoactive layer materials called low-dimension perovskite and their corresponding PVs, including solar cells and photodetectors. In CHAPTER I, the fundamental physic of perovskite materials and overviews of perovskite solar cells and photodetectors were reported. In CHAPTER II, enhanced device performance of perovskite photovoltaics by one-step self-assembled (PEA)2(MA)n-1PbnI3n+1/MAPbI3 2D/3D bilayer thin films post-treated by 1-butanol (where PEA is phenethylammoniu and MA is methylammonium) were report. Compared to 3D MAPbI3 thin films, (PEA)2(MA)n-1PbnI3n+1/MAPbI3 2D/3D bilayer thin films not only possess larger crystals, but also exhibit enhanced build-in potentials, suppressed charge carrier recombination, boosted charge carrier transport, and shortened charge carrier extraction time. As a result, perovskite solar cell by (PEA)2(MA)n-1PbnI3n+1/MAPbI3 2D/3D bilayer thin films exhibit 22.13 % power conversion efficiency with dramatically enhanced stability. Moreover, at room temperature, perovskite photodetectors by (PEA)2(MA)n-1PbnI3n+1/MAPbI3 2D/3D bilayer thin films show a photoresponsivity of 1.38 AW-1, and a detectivity of 6.52 × 1014 Jones (1 Jones = 1 cm Hz1/2 W-1), and a linear dynamic range of over 167 dB. In CHAPTER III, the improved device performance of perovskite photovoltaics by one-step self-assembled (PEA)2(MA)79Pb80I241 thin film incorporating with 0.1% Nd3+ were exhibited. Compared with 3D MAPbI3 thin films, (PEA)2(MA)79Pb80I241: Nd3+ thin film not only possess larger crystal, but also shown enhanced build-in potentials, suppressed charge carrier recombination, boosted charge carrier mobility, and shortened charge carrier extraction time. As a result, perovskite solar cell by (PEA)2(MA)79Pb80I241: Nd3+ thin film exhibit 21.66 % power conversion efficiency with extremely improved stability. Perovskite photodetectors by (PEA)2(MA)79Pb80I241: Nd3+ thin film show a photoresponsivity of 0.83 AW-1, and a detectivity of 4.29 × 1014 Jones (1 Jones = 1 cm Hz1/2 W-1), and a large linear dynamic range over 165 dB. All these results demonstrate that we develop a facile way to realize high-performance and stable perovskite photovoltaics. CHAPTER IV is a summary of two works in terms of perovskite solar cells and perovskite photodetectors. Finally, CHAPTER V is an outlook for future work of perovskite photovoltaics.

Download or read book Efficient Stable Perovskite Solar Cells Enabled by Electrode Interface Engineering and Nanoscale Phase Stabilization written by Erin M. Sanehira and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 135 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Semiconducting metal halide perovskites have emerged as a promising solution-processable, photovoltaic material with research cell power conversion efficiencies now exceeding 22% under simulated sunlight. The prototypical composition of this “ABX3” semiconductor is CH3NH3PbI3, in which organic methylammonium cations charge stabilize lead iodide octahedra. Research is underway on mixed component systems with A-site cation combinations of methylammonium, formamidinium, cesium, and rubidium; B-site cations of Pb2+ and Sn2+; and iodide, bromide and chloride anions. Although perovskite solar cells with low-cost fabrication methods have demonstrated impressive power conversion efficiencies, device durability remains a key concern of the technology. In this dissertation, the effect of the anode electrode material on the device lifetime is characterized under constant operating conditions. It is demonstrated that MoOx/Al electrodes are more stable than commonly used Au or Ag electrodes. Interestingly, the enhanced stability of MoOx/Al electrodes is due to the formation of an oxide at the MoOx/Al interface, which likely prevents ion migration between the device layers, as opposed to encapsulation from environmental agents. I also demonstrate a more stable photoactive layer comprised of CsPbI3 quantum dots (QDs). CsPbI3 is the lowest bandgap, all-inorganic lead halide perovskite, and has shown remarkable chemical and thermal stability up to 400 °C. However, bulk and thin film CsPbI3 transitions to the undesired orthorhombic phase when cooled to room temperature. CsPbI3 QDs have unique surface properties which alter the phase transitions and successfully maintain the photoactive cubic phase at room temperature and even well below. In addition to reporting the first demonstration of an all-inorganic CsPbX3 nanocrystal solar cell, I also detail new QD surface treatments that improve the short circuit current density of the devices by doubling the QD film mobility. These advancements led to an NREL-certified QD solar cell efficiency of 13.43% that is currently the record efficiency reported for a QD solar cell of any material system. In this dissertation, I assess operational stability of thin film organic-inorganic perovskite solar cells, fabricate more durable electrodes, develop novel CsPbI3 QD photovoltaic devices and discover new surface modifications to improve charge transport in efficient perovskite QD solar cells.

Download or read book Perovskite Photovoltaics and Optoelectronics written by Tsutomu Miyasaka and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2022-03-21 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Perovskite Photovoltaics and Optoelectronics Discover a one-of-a-kind treatment of perovskite photovoltaics In less than a decade, the photovoltaics of organic-inorganic halide perovskite materials has surpassed the efficiency of semiconductor compounds like CdTe and CIGS in solar cells. In Perovskite Photovoltaics and Optoelectronics: From Fundamentals to Advanced Applications, distinguished engineer Dr. Tsutomu Miyasaka delivers a comprehensive exploration of foundational and advanced topics regarding halide perovskites. It summarizes the latest information and discussion in the field, from fundamental theory and materials to critical device applications. With contributions by top scientists working in the perovskite community, the accomplished editor has compiled a resource of central importance for researchers working on perovskite related materials and devices. This edited volume includes coverage of new materials and their commercial and market potential in areas like perovskite solar cells, perovskite light-emitting diodes (LEDs), and perovskite-based photodetectors. It also includes: A thorough introduction to halide perovskite materials, their synthesis, and dimension control Comprehensive explorations of the photovoltaics of halide perovskites and their historical background Practical discussions of solid-state photophysics and carrier transfer mechanisms in halide perovskite semiconductors In-depth examinations of multi-cation anion-based high efficiency perovskite solar cells Perfect for materials scientists, crystallization physicists, surface chemists, and solid-state physicists, Perovskite Photovoltaics and Optoelectronics: From Fundamentals to Advanced Applications is also an indispensable resource for solid state chemists and device/electronics engineers.

Download or read book Metal Halide Perovskite Crystals Growth Techniques Properties and Emerging Applications written by Wei Zhang and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-01-31 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "Metal Halide Perovskite Crystals: Growth Techniques, Properties and Emerging Applications" that was published in Crystals

Download or read book Towards High Efficiency and Stable Metal Halide Perovskite Solar Cells written by Yepin Zhao and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Metal halide perovskite solar cells have proven themselves as one of the most promising candidates to replace the currently well-commercialized silicon-based solar cells. Because of its unique energy band structure, it has merits such as high defect tolerance, favorable charge carrier mobility, and high absorption coefficient. However, the major issue that hinders the successful real-life application of the metal halide perovskite solar cell is its unsatisfactory stability. In Chapter One, I introduce the four basic elements that cause the instability of perovskite solar cells: light, heat, bias, and moisture. The perovskite material degradation mechanism behind each environment will be detailly illustrated. Ion migration suppression and device encapsulation can be regarded as the main solutions to enhance the operational lifetime of the perovskite solar cells. From interior to exterior, in the following chapters, I introduce the strategies we developed that are proven to be powerful to improve the stability of the metal halide perovskite solar cells.In Chapter Two, I introduce the first strategy of interior multivalent interstitial doping. It is a strategy originated inside the perovskite lattice. Cations with suitable sizes to occupy an interstitial site of perovskite crystals have been widely used to inhibit ion migration and promote the performance and stability of perovskite optoelectronics. However, the interstitial doping accompanies inevitable lattice strain to impair the long-range ordering and stability of the crystals to cause a sacrificial trade-off. In this chapter, I unravel the evident influence of the valence states of the interstitial cations on their efficacy to suppress the ion migration. Incorporation of a trivalent neodymium cation (Nd3+) effectively mitigates the ion migration in the perovskite lattice with a significantly reduced dosage (0.08%) compared to a widely used monovalent cation dopant (Na+, 0.45%). Less but better, the prototypical perovskite solar cells incorporated with Nd3+ exhibits significantly enhanced photovoltaic performance and operational stability. In Chapter Three, I discuss the defect passivation of the perovskite crystal, which constitutes one of the most commonly used strategies to fabricate highly efficient perovskite solar cells (PSCs). The durability of the passivation effects under harsh operational conditions has not been extensively studied regardless of the weak and vulnerable secondary bonding between the molecular passivation agents and perovskite crystals. Here, we incorporated strategically designed passivating agents to investigate the effect of their interaction energies with the perovskite crystals and correlated these with the performance and longevity of the passivation effects. We unraveled that the passivation agents with a stronger interaction energy are advantageous not only for effective defect passivation, but also to suppress defect migration. The prototypical PSCs treated with the optimal passivation agent exhibited superior performance and operational stability, retaining 81.9% and 85.3% of their initial performance under continuous illumination or nitrogen at 85 °C after 1008 hours, respectively while the reference device completely degraded during the time. This work provides important insights into designing operationally durable defect passivation agents for perovskite optoelectronic devices. In Chapter Four, we focus on the perovskite grain and the grain boundary density. Intrinsically, detrimental defects accumulating at the surface and grain boundaries limit both the performance and stability of perovskite solar cells. Small molecules and bulkier polymers with functional groups are utilized to passivate these ionic defects but usually suffer from volatility and precipitation issues, respectively. Starting from the addition of small monomers in PbI2 precursor, in this chapter, I introduce a polymerization-assisted grain growth (PAGG) strategy in the sequentially deposited method. With a polymerization process triggered during the PbI2 film annealing, the bulkier polymers formed will be adhered to the grain boundaries, remaining the previously established interactions with PbI2. After perovskite formation, the polymers anchored on the boundaries can effectively passivate under-coordinated lead ions and reduce defect density. As a result, we obtain a champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 23.0%, together with a prolonged lifetime where 85.7% and 91.8% of the initial PCE remains after 504-hour continuous illumination and 2208-hour shelf storage, respectively. In Chapter Five, I will go to the exterior of the perovskite solar cell and introduce a novel strategy of device encapsulation. Unstable nature against moisture is one of the major issues of metallic halide perovskite solar cell application. Thin-film encapsulation is known as a powerful approach to notably enhance the operational stability of perovskite solar cells in a humid environment. However, encapsulation layers with ideal gas barrier performance always require harsh fabrication conditions with high temperature and harmful precursors. For this reason, here we provide a mild encapsulation strategy to maintain the original performance of solar cell devices by utilization of ethylene glycol-induced immediate layer to minimize the damage of plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition to perovskite solar cells. The organic-inorganic alternating encapsulation structure has exhibited a water vapor transmittance rate of 1.3 10-5 g m-2 day-1, which is the lowest value among the reported thin-film encapsulation layers of perovskite solar cells. Our perovskite solar cells have survived at 80% relative humidity and 30 C for over 2000 hours while preserving 96% of their initial performance.

Download or read book Perovskite Photovoltaics written by Aparna Thankappan and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-06-29 with total page 521 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Perovskite Photovoltaics: Basic to Advanced Concepts and Implementation examines the emergence of perovskite photovoltaics, associated challenges and opportunities, and how to achieve broader development. Consolidating developments in perovskite photovoltaics, including recent progress solar cells, this text also highlights advances and the research necessary for sustaining energy. Addressing different photovoltaics fields with tailored content for what makes perovskite solar cells suitable, and including commercialization examples of large-scale perovskite solar technology. The book also contains a detailed analysis of the implementation and economic viability of perovskite solar cells, highlighting what photovoltaic devices need to be generated by low cost, non-toxic, earth abundant materials using environmentally scalable processes. This book is a valuable resource engineers, scientists and researchers, and all those who wish to broaden their knowledge on flexible perovskite solar cells. Includes contributions by leading solar cell academics, industrialists, researchers and institutions across the globe Addresses different photovoltaics fields with tailored content for what makes perovskite solar cells different Provides commercialization examples of large-scale perovskite solar technology, giving users detailed analysis on the implementation, technical challenges and economic viability of perovskite solar cells