Download or read book Path to Collective Madness written by Dipak K. Gupta and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2001-06-30 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why did the Rwandan genocide take place? How could parents feed their own children drinks laced with poison in Jonestown? As we see many parts of the world being engulfed in fratricidal frenzy, we wonder if it can happen in this country. Gupta examines contemporary cases of genocide and mass murder and seeks to explain why certain societies are more prone to these actions and others are relatively immune. Gupta sees a dialectical tension between our two identities: the self and the collective. The end of the medieval period was marked by the emergence of individualism in Europe. With time, the march of individualism engulfed the entire Western world and permeated every aspect of its culture, tradition, and academic paradigm. Neoclassical economics is the embodiment of this single-minded pursuit of the rationality of individualism. However, our psychobiological evolution has also imbued us with the irrepressible desire to form groups and to act upon its welfare. The reason for this eternal conflict lies in our own struggle with our two identities. When the pendulum swings to the extreme end of collectivism, genocide and other forms of social abnormalities--collective madness--occur. When we move too far into individualism, people tend to seek something greater beyond selfish pursuits. Through his panoramic view, Gupta provides an explanation for both social order and political pathology that will be of interest to students, scholars, and other researchers involved with ethnic conflict, collective behavior, and conflict resolution.
Download or read book A Philosophy of Madness written by Wouter Kusters and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2020-12-01 with total page 769 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The philosophy of psychosis and the psychosis of philosophy: a philosopher draws on his experience of madness. In this book, philosopher and linguist Wouter Kusters examines the philosophy of psychosis—and the psychosis of philosophy. By analyzing the experience of psychosis in philosophical terms, Kusters not only emancipates the experience of the psychotic from medical classification, he also emancipates the philosopher from the narrowness of textbooks and academia, allowing philosophers to engage in real-life praxis, philosophy in vivo. Philosophy and madness—Kusters's preferred, non-medicalized term—coexist, one mirroring the other. Kusters draws on his own experience of madness—two episodes of psychosis, twenty years apart—as well as other first-person narratives of psychosis. Speculating about the maddening effect of certain words and thought, he argues, and demonstrates, that the steady flow of philosophical deliberation may sweep one into a full-blown acute psychotic episode. Indeed, a certain kind of philosophizing may result in confusion, paradoxes, unworldly insights, and circular frozenness reminiscent of madness. Psychosis presents itself to the psychotic as an inescapable truth and reality. Kusters evokes the mad person's philosophical or existential amazement at reality, thinking, time, and space, drawing on classic autobiographical accounts of psychoses by Antonin Artaud, Daniel Schreber, and others, as well as the work of phenomenological psychiatrists and psychologists and such phenomenologists as Edmund Husserl and Maurice Merleau-Ponty. He considers the philosophical mystic and the mystical philosopher, tracing the mad undercurrent in the Husserlian philosophy of time; visits the cloud castles of mystical madness, encountering LSD devotees, philosophers, theologians, and nihilists; and, falling to earth, finds anxiety, emptiness, delusions, and hallucinations. Madness and philosophy proceed and converge toward a single vanishing point.
Download or read book Terrorism in Kenya and Uganda written by Anneli Botha and published by Lexington Books. This book was released on 2016-11-02 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book analyzes some of the commonly accepted causes of radicalization within the context of four organizations in eastern Africa. It identifies and discusses the facilitating agents needed to enable radicalization and recruitment, and answers one of the most fundamental questions the public and scholars alike are confronted with: Why are all people confronted with the same external circumstances not being radicalized? Practitioners and policymakers will realize that although one can learn from the experiences of others, developing and implementing effective counter-radicalization strategies should be shaped around the unique circumstances of the specific organization.
Download or read book International Crimes and Other Gross Human Rights Violations written by Alette Smeulers and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2011-07-27 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An interdisciplinary approach to international crimes as genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes and other gross human rights violations for students, scholars, professionals and practitioners to get an insight in the roles of perpetrators and bystanders.
Download or read book The Police State and Society written by René Lévy and published by Pearson Education India. This book was released on 2011 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Revised version of papers presented at a conference held at New Delhi during 9-11 February 2004.
Download or read book The Police State and Society Perspectives from India and France written by Mehra and Levy and published by Pearson Education India. This book was released on 2010 with total page 357 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Police, State and Society: Perspectives from India and France is a parallel study between criminal justice systems in India and France. It covers the institutional, democratic and functional aspects of the police and law in the two countries. It discusses the modern aspects of policing and human rights issues in the criminal justice system against a backdrop of violence and conflict. It is useful for students and scholars of sociology, law, criminal justice, political science policymakers and general readers.
Download or read book The Expansion of Economics written by Shoshana Grossbard-Shechtman and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-07-08 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Economics, like most other social sciences, is not a pure discipline. Indeed, it has been enhanced by the fact that there is so much overlap between it and the related fields of business, industrial relations, political science, social psychology, and sociology. This book is the first attempt to explain how work in economics has influenced and benefited from a merging of economic analysis with the research practices of these related fields of study. With contributions from leading economists from around the world, it demonstrates how economics is leading the way toward a more unified social science.
Download or read book Understanding Terrorism and Political Violence written by Dipak K. Gupta and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2008-03-25 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explains the lifecycle of terrorist organizations from an innovative theoretical perspective, combining economics with social psychology. It provides a new approach to understanding human behaviour in organized society, and then uses this to analyze the forces shaping the lifecycle of violent political movements. Economic and rational-choice theorists assume that human beings are motivated only by self-utility, yet terrorism is ultimately an altruistic act in the eyes of its participants. This book highlights the importance of the desire to belong to a group as a motivating factor, and argues that all of us face an eternal trade-off between selfishness and community concern. This hypothesis is explored through four key groups; the IRA in Northern Ireland, Al Qaeda, Hamas, and the Naxalites in India. Through this, the book analyzes the birth, growth, transformation and demise of violent political movements, and ends with an analysis of the conditions which determine the outcome of the war against terrorism. Understanding Terrorism and Political Violence will be essential reading for advanced students of terrorism studies and political science, and of great interest to students of social psychology and sociology.
Download or read book Bosnia and Beyond written by Jeanne M. Haskin and published by Algora Publishing. This book was released on 2006 with total page 530 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Could we, should we, have prevented the break up of Yugoslavia? Can genocide be prevented or halted? The author examines the dire consequences of the rapid economic reforms demanded by the West and asks where responsibility lies when external pressures destroy a nation and lead to genocide. Bosnia and Beyond: The "Quiet" Revolution That Wouldn't Go Quietly is, in part, the story of how the West destroyed a country through the imposition of economic and political reform. Promoted as a way to modernize Yugoslavia and bring it into the mainstream, the program was in fact meant to bring down the Communist government in a "quiet revolution" of the type that was envisaged for other former Soviet bloc countries. Showing how Western plans for the liberalization of the country resulted in ethnic polarization and the election of ethno-nationalist leaders, the book then goes on to describe the events of the war. The struggle of the republics for independence was yet another proxy war, which the West encouraged in order to chastise Milosevic and nudge him into becoming the man that they wanted him to be. While no formal plan has surfaced to show that the whole thing was engineered to provide a base for US/NATO troops, on the other hand, the situation was so egregious that intervention was highly sought and that the West had an obligation to clean up its mess, which it finally did. Many have been emotionally manipulated into being grateful for NATO intervention, and then it was quite convenient that a NATO base existed. But how does one say that intervention was needful, and then point the finger at the intervening forces? One can claim that Germany, Austria and the Vatican were in favor of Croatian and Slovenian secession and the United States came late to the game to demand Bosnian independence. It can also be claimed that Britain and France did not stand in the way of Serbian secession within Bosnia and Croatia but rather promoted their goals. Yugoslavia was a case of secession within secession, raising the question of who was supported by whom in either case. The work considers the research and views of a wide range of scholars, historians, journalists and humanitarian writers such as Cohen and Reisman, Udoviki and Ridgeway Eds, Norman Cigar, Laura Silber and Alan Little, Danielle Sremac, Michael Walzer, Ed Vulliamy, Peter Maas, Samantha Power, Peter du Preez, Lawrence Freedman, Hoffman, Johansen and Sterba, Ervin Staub and Thomas Mockaitis.
Download or read book Root Causes of Terrorism written by Tore Bjørgo and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2005-06-30 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This team of international experts analyses the possibilities and limitations of preventing or reducing terrorism by addressing the factors that give rise to it and sustain it. The key questions raised include:* what are the main circumstances that provide preconditions for the emergence of various types of terrorism?* what are the typical precipit
Download or read book The Political Economy of Iran written by Farhad Gohardani and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-03-07 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study entails a theoretical reading of the Iranian modern history and follows an interdisciplinary agenda at the intersection of philosophy, psychoanalysis, economics, and politics and intends to offer a novel framework for the analysis of socio-economic development in Iran in the modern era. A brief review of Iranian modern history from the Constitutional Revolution to the Oil Nationalization Movement, the 1979 Islamic Revolution, and the recent Reformist and Green Movements demonstrates that Iranian people travelled full circle. This historical experience of socio-economic development revolving around the bitter question of “Why are we backward?” and its manifestation in perpetual socio-political instability and violence is the subject matter of this study. Michel Foucault’s conceived relation between the production of truth and production of wealth captures the essence of hypothesis offered in this study. Foucault (1980: 93–94) maintains that “In the last analysis, we must produce truth as we must produce wealth; indeed we must produce truth in order to produce wealth in the first place.” Based on a hybrid methodology combining hermeneutics of understanding and hermeneutics of suspicion, this monograph proposes that the failure to produce wealth has had particular roots in the failure in the production of truth and trust. At the heart of the proposed theoretical model is the following formula: the Iranian subject’s confused preference structure culminates in the formation of unstable coalitions which in turn leads to institutional failure, creating a chaotic social order and a turbulent history as experienced by the Iranian nation in the modern era. As such, the society oscillates between the chaotic states of socio-political anarchy emanating from irreconcilable differences between and within social assemblages and their affiliated hybrid forms of regimes of truth in the springs of freedom and repressive states of order in the winters of discontent. Each time, after the experience of chaos, the order is restored based on the emergence of a final arbiter (Iranian leviathan) as the evolved coping strategy for achieving conflict resolution. This highly volatile truth cycle produces the experience of socio-economic backwardness and violence. The explanatory power of the theoretical framework offered in the study exploring the relation between the production of truth, trust, and wealth is demonstrated via providing historical examples from strong events of Iranian modern history. The significant policy implications of the model are explored. This monograph will appeal to researchers, scholars, graduate students, policy makers and anyone interested in the Middle Eastern politics, Iran, development studies and political economy.
Download or read book Social Poison written by Howard Padwa and published by JHU Press. This book was released on 2012-03-15 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comparative history examines the divergent paths taken by Britain and France in managing opiate abuse during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Though the governments of both nations viewed rising levels of opiate use as a problem, Britain and France took opposite courses of action in addressing the issue. The British sanctioned maintenance treatment for addiction, while the French authorities did not hesitate to take legal action against addicts and the doctors who prescribed drugs to them. Drawing on primary documents, Howard Padwa examines the factors that led to these disparate approaches. He finds that national policies were influenced by shifts in the composition of drug-using populations of the two countries and a marked divergence in British and French conceptions of citizenship. Beyond shared concerns about public health and morality, Britain and France had different understandings of the threat that opiate abuse posed to their respective communities. Padwa traces the evolution of thinking on the matter in both countries, explaining why Britain took a less adversarial approach to domestic opiate abuse despite the productivity-sapping powers of this social poison, and why the relatively libertine French chose to attack opiate abuse. In the process, Padwa reveals the confluence of changes in medical knowledge, culture, politics, and drug-user demographics throughout the period, a convergence of forces that at once highlighted the issue and transformed it from one of individual health into a societal concern. An insightful look at the development of drug discourses in the nineteenth century and drug policy in the twentieth century, Social Poison will appeal to scholars and students in public health and the history of medicine.
Download or read book Terrorism and the Politics of Social Change written by James Dingley and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-03-16 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Terrorism and political violence have invariably accompanied the progressive modernization of states; a socio-cultural reaction to the problems of social change and development. To understand this phenomenon, it is necessary to consider the nature of traditional society and how it differs from modernity. Starting with a basic history of modern terrorism, James Dingley uses a Durkheimian sociological framework to dissect the role of social relations, culture and religion in impelling men and women to defend their socio-cultural context with violence against the challenge of external forces. Placing emphasis on a historical and social understanding of violence and key issues such as nationalism, religion, science, the Enlightenment and Romanticism for understanding terrorism in all its forms, this book allows for a more critical examination of terrorism as a response to changes in the organization and cultural goals in a society. It is a decisive contribution to our understanding of the political and social relevance of terrorism as we know and experience it today.
Download or read book Strategy for Empire written by Brian Loveman and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2004 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The United States has carved the world into five pieces, maintaining troops and military leadership in each. Yet outside military and defense circles, the potential impact of post-1990 American strategic reach-or perhaps overreach-has not been given sufficient attention. This timely reader fills this gap by collecting the perspectives of American presidents, policymakers, military officers, establishment think tanks, and critical scholars. The text and accompanying CD bring together in one place a synthesis of official and semi-official views of post-1990 regional security agendas and of the evolving perception of post-Cold War threat scenarios. The CD accompanying the book sends readers directly to major policy documents and studies described in the text. The book and CD combined offer teachers a unique resource, providing a wealth of stimulating material for the classroom that is sure to promote critical thinking and spark lively discussion and debate.
Download or read book Discourses of War and Peace written by Adam Hodges and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2013-06-18 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Given the prevalence of war around the world, it is vital to understand the way discourse contributes to the promotion and positioning of war as a natural or inevitable response to international problems. In addition, it is equally necessary to examine the way discourse impacts projects of peace, which seek to displace discourses of war with alternative visions of the world. This volume examines specific contexts around the world in which discourse operates in the service of war or to build alternative visions of peace. Contributors, who have backgrounds in linguistics, anthropology, rhetoric, and communication studies, draw upon discourse analytic and ethnographic methods to examine the discourse used by politicians and social actors in societies across the globe, including the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, Morocco, Ireland, the Palestinian territories, and Japan. The book is divided into four sections that foreground the political effects of discourse on issues of war and peace, including the way discourse is harnessed to justify war (part I), negotiate military deployment (part II), respond to armed conflict (part III), and promote peace (part IV).
Download or read book Humanistic Perspectives in Happiness Research written by Luísa Magalhães and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Who Are the Terrorists written by Dipak K. Gupta and published by Infobase Publishing. This book was released on 2006 with total page 125 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We see their faces on television, on the Internet, and in newspapers, but what do we really know about the people we call terrorists? Where do they live? What are their families and homes like? What are their motives? Who Are the Terrorists? stri
