Download or read book Patents as Quality Signals written by Dirk Czarnitzki and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Information about the success of a new technology is usually held asymmetrically between the research and development (R&D)-performing firm and potential lenders and investors. This raises the cost of capital for financing R&D externally, resulting in financing constraints on R&D especially for firms with limited internal resources. Previous literature provided evidence for start-up firms on the role of patents as signals to investors, in particular to Venture Capitalists. This study adds to previous insights by studying the effects of firms' patenting activity on the degree of financing constraints on R&D for a panel of established firms. The results show that patents do indeed attenuate financing constraints for small firms where information asymmetries may be particularly high and collateral value is low. Larger firms are not only less subject to financing constraints, but also do not seem to benefit from a patent quality signal.
Download or read book Patents as Signals for Startup Financing written by Annamaria Conti and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We examine the role of patents as signals used to reduce information asymmetries in entrepreneurial finance. A theoretical model gives conditions for a unique separating equilibrium in which startup founders file for patents to signal invention quality to investors, as well as appropriating value. The theory allows for heterogeneous investors and examine the optimal match of different types of startups, as defined by the quality of their technology, to investors who differ in the amount of non financial capital they provide. The empirical analysis is consistent with the model's predictions using a novel dataset of Israeli startups that received external funding during the period 1994-2011.
Download or read book Patents written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on the Judiciary. Subcommittee on Courts, the Internet, and Intellectual Property and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Quality Signals The Role of Patents Alliances and Team Experience in Venture Capital Financing written by Daniel Hoenig and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Observable resources, particularly patents, alliances, and team experience, are known to impact a start-up's ability to attract venture capital financing. In this context they potentially fulfill a two-fold function: as productive assets and, likely, as signals of characteristics of a venture that are not observable at the time of assessment. In particular, patents, alliances, and team experience may serve as signals of the unobservable quality of a venture's technology. Most existing studies based on firm-level transaction data cannot disentangle signaling from productive effects. Using a conjoint-based survey among 187 European and U.S. venture capitalists, we find they rely on research alliances and, partly, on team experience as signals of technological quality. While patents impact the venture capitalists' decision making in their property rights function, we find no indication that they serve as technology quality signals.
Download or read book How Many Patents Does it Take to Signal Innovation Quality written by Stefano Comino and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Patent Quality Enhancement in the Information based Economy written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on the Judiciary. Subcommittee on Courts, the Internet, and Intellectual Property and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Patents written by Marc Baudry and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-10-30 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The patent system is criticized today by some practitioners and economists. In fact, there is a partial disconnection between patent demographics and productivity gains, but also the development of actors who do not innovate and who develop business models that their detractors equate with a capture of annuities or a dangerous commodification of patents. This book provides a less Manichaean view of the position of patents in the system of contemporary innovation. It first recalls that these criticisms are not new, before arguing that if these criticisms have been revived, it is because of a partial shift from an integrated innovation system to a much more fragmented and open system. This shift accompanied the promotion of a more competitive economy. The authors show that this movement is coherent with a more intensive use of patents, but also one that is more focused on their signal function than on their function of direct monetary incentive to innovation.
Download or read book Official Gazette of the United States Patent and Trademark Office written by United States. Patent and Trademark Office and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 1512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Effects of Patent Characteristics as Signals on the Growth of Follow on Innovations Evidence from Chinese Patenting Activities in U S written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As global trade and business activities intensified, cross-national patenting activities have been playing an increasingly important role in the process of innovation accumulation and growth. However, few studies (to my knowledge) have examined the characteristics of cross-national patents and their relationship to the accumulation and growth of innovation, especially in the context of a developing versus a developed country. Motivated by the anecdotal evidence and `Patent Signaling Theory'(Spence, 1973), I investigate the possible influential factors on the `quality' of a US patent with a Chinese priority (thereafter `US-CN' patent) and their impact on the growth of follow-on innovation. By developing and analyzing a unique dataset of 4490 U.S. and Chinese patent matched pair from both U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) and State Intellectual Property Office (SIPO), this study investigates the impact of patent strength, patent scope, cross-national inventors, multinational assignees and strength of intellectual property rights (IPR) regime on the growth of innovation in the U.S. The data set consists of patents that are first filed in China, a developing country with uncertain IPR, and subsequently filed and patented in the U.S., a developed country with a mature economy and strong IPR protection. I employ the negative binomial regression model and find that the number of patent claims, patent classes, cross-national inventors and of multinational assignees have a significant and positive impact on the forward citations of the focal patents. I also find that developing a patented innovation under a strong IPR regime does not necessarily increase its follow-on use and innovations as proxied by its forward citations. This work has significant management implications for firm strategies and technology competitiveness especially domestic firms and multinational corporations with activities across national boundaries.
Download or read book Patent Salience written by Alexander Billy and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this paper, we empirically examine how consumers perceive patented over-the-counter pharmaceutical goods. To gauge consumer preferences for such products, we draw upon evidence from two experiments we developed and conducted. In an online randomized experiment, we demonstrate increased salience of patent status heightens consumers' beliefs that products are innovative and of high quality. At the same time, consumers are not more inclined to buy patented products. To determine if these results hold in practice, we developed a field experiment at a small retail pharmacy chain. Using scanner data spanning over five years, we find no evidence consumers respond to increased patent salience.
Download or read book Patents in the Knowledge Based Economy written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-08-11 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume assembles papers commissioned by the National Research Council's Board on Science, Technology, and Economic Policy (STEP) to inform judgments about the significant institutional and policy changes in the patent system made over the past two decades. The chapters fall into three areas. The first four chapters consider the determinants and effects of changes in patent "quality." Quality refers to whether patents issued by the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) meet the statutory standards of patentability, including novelty, nonobviousness, and utility. The fifth and sixth chapters consider the growth in patent litigation, which may itself be a function of changes in the quality of contested patents. The final three chapters explore controversies associated with the extension of patents into new domains of technology, including biomedicine, software, and business methods.
Download or read book World Intellectual Property Indicators 2020 written by World Intellectual Property Organization and published by WIPO. This book was released on 2020-12-07 with total page 237 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This authoritative report analyzes IP activity around the globe. Drawing on 2019 filing, registration and renewals statistics from national and regional IP offices and WIPO, it covers patents, utility models, trademarks, industrial designs, microorganisms, plant variety protection and geographical indications. The report also draws on survey data and industry sources to give a picture of activity in the publishing industry.
Download or read book A New Frontier in Patents written by Jeffrey R. Kuester and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Official Gazette of the United States Patent and Trademark Office written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 1432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book OECD Patent Statistics Manual written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2009-02-05 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This manual provides guiding principles for the use of patent data in the context of S&T measurement, and recommendations for the compilation and interpretation of patent indicators in this context.
Download or read book Official Gazette of the United States Patent Office written by United States. Patent Office and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 1040 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book R D and Productivity written by Zvi Griliches and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2007-12-01 with total page 398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Zvi Griliches, a world-renowned pioneer in the field of productivity growth, has compiled in a single volume his pathbreaking research on R&D and productivity. Griliches addresses the relationship between research and development (R&D) and productivity, one of the most complex yet vital issues in today's business world. Using econometric techniques, he establishes this connection and measures its magnitude for firm-, industry-, and economy-level data. Griliches began his studies of productivity growth during the 1950s, adding a variable of "knowledge stock" to traditional production function models, and his work has served as the point of departure for much of the research into R&D and productivity. This collection of essays documents both Griliches's distinguished career as well as the history of this line of thought. As inputs into production increasingly taking the form of "intellectual capital" and new technologies that are not as easily measured as traditional labor and capital, the methods Griliches has refined and applied to R&D become crucial to understanding today's economy.
