Download or read book Parkinson s Disease Classification Monitoring and Optimization of Deep Brain Stimulation written by Syed Aamir Ali Shah and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Parkinson's disease (PD) alters the brain's anatomy when dopamine releasing neurons die in basal ganglia neural pathways. The resulting alterations force synchronized neuronal activity in beta frequency components in subthalamic nucleus (STN). This synchronization affects the chaotic behavior of the brain activities, which induce motor related impairments in patient's limbs. This can be seen in the electroencephalogram (EEG) signals of PD patients. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is the therapy of choice in later stage of disease when the side-effects of medication supersede its benefits. In this research work, we utilize the relationship between chaotic systems and brain for the analysis of EEG signals of PD patients. The overall objective is to develop a framework that can monitor, analyze the chaotic behavior, and optimize the stimulation of various regions of the brain to restore normal state. The first component of the overall objective is to monitor the activities of brain regions. In this component, we use embedding reconstruction, a tool from chaos theory, to highlight PD-related alterations in dynamical properties of EEG and present it as a potentially reliable bio-marker for PD related classification. Additionally, there is a strong synchronization between amplitude of higher frequency components and phase of beta components for PD patients. This information is used to improve the performance of this classification. We apply embedding reconstruction to design a new architecture of a deep neural network called Dynamical system Generated Hybrid Network. We report that this network outperforms the state of the art in terms of classification accuracy of 99.2. (+0:52%) with approximately 24% of the computational resources. The second component is a step towards analysis of chaotic behavior of brain in which we investigate the use of recurrent neural networks to adapt the chaotic characteristics of chaotic time series. We define three unique topologies of long short-term memory (LSTM) network and analyze those for chaotic parameter estimation in seven different test cases. We show that the deep LSTM networks are capable of modeling the chaotic behavior of a wide range of parameters and that the network performs the best when the architecture is driven by chaotic attributes of the time series data. To mimic the behavior of brain regions, the third component of the overall objective, we utilize a neural reservoir of spatially distributed spiking neurons to our advantage. This reservoir is inspired by the anatomy and operations of biological brain. It provides a testing platform for final component of the overall objective. The final component is to restore the brain activities using DBS. In this component, we propose a simulation framework to define an optimized DBS stimulus using EEG signals. The objective of this framework is to provide simulation environment inspired by realistic brain. This framework utilizes spiking neurons, similar to realistic neurons, distributed in a reservoir which is inspired by real brain anatomy. This reservoir is trained via spike-time-dependent-plasticity algorithm which is inspired by biologically realistic neural learning process. This reservoir is initially set to OFF-medication state. Then, the synaptic changes are optimized in such a way that the reservoir is forced to drift from OFF-medication state to ON-medication state. The stimulus signal is generated by accumulating the variations in synaptic weights in neural reservoir in target brain region. For validation we analyze this signal and show that the application of this signal as stimulus results in local field potential (LFP) of STN region neurons with increased chaotic level compared to LFP without stimulation using SIM4LIFE simulation software. Individually, each objective is a complete research problem. Combined, they form a closed loop process for brain's monitoring and administration for PD patients.

Download or read book Intelligent Technologies and Parkinson s Disease Prediction and Diagnosis written by Kumar, Abhishek and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2024-02-08 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When it comes to Parkinson's disease, one of the most important issues revolves around early detection and accurate diagnosis. The intricacies of this neurodegenerative disorder often elude timely identification, leaving patients and healthcare providers grappling with its progressive symptoms. Ethical concerns surrounding the use of machine learning to aid in diagnosis further complicate this challenge. This issue is particularly significant for research scholars, PhD fellows, post-doc fellows, and medical and biomedical scholars seeking to unravel the mysteries of Parkinson's disease and develop more effective treatments. Intelligent Technologies and Parkinson’s Disease: Prediction and Diagnosis serves as a beacon of hope in the quest to revolutionize Parkinson's disease diagnosis and treatment. It unveils the remarkable potential of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) in remodeling the way we approach this debilitating condition. With a comprehensive exploration of AI's capacity to analyze speech patterns, brain imaging data, and gait patterns, this book offers a powerful solution to the challenges of early detection and accurate diagnosis.

Download or read book New Technologies for Detection Monitoring and Treatment of Parkinson s Disease written by Martin J. McKeown and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-07-22 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Data driven Optimization of Deep Brain Stimulation for Movement Disorders written by Andrew J. Haddock and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an effective therapy for ameliorating motor symptoms associated with Parkinson's disease (PD) and essential tremor (ET). DBS is a surgical procedure in which implanted electrodes are placed near brain structures believed to cause pathological motor disorder behaviors. Subcortical brain structures in thalamus and basal ganglia are typical DBS targets for PD and ET therapy, and modern DBS systems allow customization of therapeutic stimulation patterns through control of stimulation location, amplitude, pulsewidth, and frequency in order to optimize therapy on a patient-specific basis. Despite the technological capabilities of implanted DBS systems, current clinical implementation is limited by a scarcity of DBS specialty clinics and variable, subjective clinician performance in assessing patient symptoms and systematically selecting optimal DBS settings for therapy, a process known as programming. Compounding this problem is a dated and inefficient healthcare system that requires patients to travel to clinic to receive DBS programming updates, oftentimes at great expense both to patients and healthcare providers. In this dissertation, we investigate and demonstrate experimental data-driven methodologies and algorithms aimed at improving DBS therapy for PD and ET patients. Particularly, we develop adaptive DBS systems by coupling low-cost commercial sensors with stimulation control and demonstrate the therapy potential through clinical experiments with human subjects diagnosed with PD and ET. We make use of a commercially available wearable smartwatch and show that clinical ratings for tremor and bradykinesia can accurately be classified on the basis of inertial measurement unit (IMU) data. We embed this feature in a software algorithm for automated DBS programming that is demonstrated to perform at the level of expert clinicians in selecting optimal DBS settings for therapy in PD and ET patients. We further use this platform to investigate neural correlates and biomarkers of effective DBS in ET patients using recorded local field potentials (LFPs) from an electrocorticographic (ECoG) strip placed over motor cortex. Scalable methods and algorithms for automatically programming DBS when considering a large number of candidate DBS settings are also developed in detail. Finally, we address the problem of closed-loop DBS, in which stimulation is delivered in a responsive manner to patient symptoms, by formulating a model-based approach using system identification experiments, hybrid systems modeling, and predictive control. The results presented in this dissertation may improve patient care, patient quality of life, and the cost-effectiveness of DBS therapy for PD and ET patients. Additionally, the novel results presented on neural stimulation optimization may be useful more broadly in the growing medical and research fields of neuromodulation and bioelectronic medicine. We conclude with a discussion concerning how to integrate this data-driven approach to DBS therapy in modern healthcare systems, and we discuss the relevance of these results in light of anticipated technological developments in DBS systems.

Download or read book Deep Brain Stimulation for Parkinson s Disease written by Gordon H. Baltuch and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2007-03-19 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Considered the largest breakthrough in the treatment of Parkinson's disease in the past 40 years, Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) is a pioneering procedure of neurology and functional neurosurgery, forging enormous change and growth within the field. The first comprehensive text devoted to this surgical therapy, Deep Brain Stimulation for Parkinson's

Download or read book Deep Brain Stimulation written by Shilpa Chitnis MD, PhD and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2020-06-30 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Deep Brain Stimulation addresses the practical tips required to program and manage deep brain stimulation devices in the clinic. The number of deep brain stimulation devices worldwide will soon eclipse 200,000 and is an approved surgical treatment for medically refractory neurological movement disorders such as Parkinson disease, tremors, and dystonia. It is, therefore, inevitable that clinicians and nurses will require the necessary tools, and exemplary real-life cases, to manage these complex patients. This book offers a case-based approach to common and uncommon neurologic problems related to deep brain stimulator problems. Each case is a clinical pearl, accompanied by a discussion as well as practical tips to improve patient management.

Download or read book Deep Brain Stimulation for Parkinson s Disease written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 1 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Deep Brain Stimulation Management written by William J. Marks, Jr and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-09-03 with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essential reference guide for clinicians working with DBS patients, fully revised throughout with new chapters on epilepsy and psychiatric disorders.

Download or read book Brain Stimulation written by Pierre Pollak and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proper selection of patients who will reliably benefit from deep brain stimulation (DBS) is critical to its success. This requires careful evaluation that should be delivered by an expert multidisciplinary team involving a movement disorder neurologist, a neurosurgeon, a neuropsychologist, and a psychiatrist. The most suitable candidates for DBS suffer from Parkinson’s disease with motor fluctuations and/or dyskinesias that are not adequately controlled with optimized medical therapy, or with medication-refractory tremor. During the best on-motor periods, gait difficulties, instability, and speech problems should be minimal, reflecting an excellent response to levodopa in the ideal candidate. The cognitive, psychiatric, and behavioral status must be normal or minimally affected, with the exception of dopamine agonist drug-induced impulse control disorders, which are usually improved after successful surgery and drug withdrawal. Moreover, the patients have no serious comorbidities. Most patients corresponding to this profile suffer from a relatively young onset of Parkinson’s disease, and are aged less than 70 years at the time of surgery. Indeed, most patients fall outside this ideal description, and the medical art is to appreciate for each patient the extent to which the alterations of these features can be accepted. Eventually, patients make their own decision from detailed information of their individualized risks and benefits of DBS. Patient expectations, cooperation, and familial support are also important considerations.

Download or read book Optimization and Quantification of Stimulation Parameters in Subthalamic Nucleus Deep Brain Stimulation for Parkinson s Disease written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Deep Brain Stimulation written by Kelvin L. Chou, MD and published by Demos Medical Publishing. This book was released on 2011-12-21 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the United States, an estimated 42 million people suffer from some form of movement disorder. Common movement disorders include Parkinson's disease (PD), essential tremor (ET), and dystonia. Although medications may be helpful for these conditions, in many patients, symptoms cannot be controlled with medications alone. In such situations, their physicians may recommend a surgical procedure known as Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS). DBS is a revolutionary technology using an implanted device to deliver electrical stimulation to the brain to help symptoms, alleviate suffering, and improve quality of life. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved DBS as a treatment for essential tremor in 1997, for Parkinson's disease in 2002, and dystonia in 2003. Deep brain stimulation has dramatically changed the lives of many patients with uncontrollable tremors. Patients often can resume normal activities, such as feeding and dressing themselves, and can have active and fulfilling lives. The need for anti-tremor medications is often reduced or eliminated. Though it's no longer considered experimental, DBS is, for now, still used as a second- or third-line treatment, reserved for patients with more advanced cases of the disease and those for whom medication alone is inadequate or can't be adjusted precisely enough to keep their tremors and writhing under control. However the idea of this surgery being a "last resort" is an evolving concept. Ten years ago doctors were operating on only the most severe, disabled, wheelchair-dependent patients, now they are operating on patients with moderate-to-severe cases of PD, ET and Dystonia. The thought is that this trend will continue. Instead of saying "wait another five to ten years until you become more disabled" doctors are realizing that the earlier they use DBS, the more they can improve the quality of life of their patients.

Download or read book Subthalamic Deep Brain Stimulation for Advanced Parkinson s Disease written by Rens Verhagen and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 199 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Wearable and Wireless Systems for Healthcare II written by Robert LeMoyne and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-04-12 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a far-sighted perspective on the role of wearable and wireless systems for movement disorder evaluation, such as Parkinson’s disease and Essential tremor. These observations are brought together in the application of quantified feedback for deep brain stimulation systems using the wireless accelerometer and gyroscope of a smartphone to determine tuning efficacy. The perspective of the book ranges from the pioneering application of these devices, such as the smartphone, for quantifying Parkinson’s disease and Essential tremor characteristics, to the current state of the art. Dr. LeMoyne has published multiple first-of-their-kind applications using smartphones to quantify movement disorder, with associated extrapolation to portable media devices.

Download or read book Connectomic Deep Brain Stimulation written by Andreas Horn and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2021-09-10 with total page 602 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Connectomic Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) covers this highly efficacious treatment option for movement disorders such as Parkinson's Disease, Essential Tremor and Dystonia. The book examines its impact on distributed brain networks that span across the human brain in parallel with modern-day neuroimaging concepts and the connectomics of the brain. It asks several questions, including which cortical areas should DBS electrodes be connected in order to generate the highest possible clinical improvement? Which connections should be avoided? Could these connectomic insights be used to better understand the mechanism of action of DBS? How can they be transferred to individual patients, and more. This book is suitable for neuroscientists, neurologists and functional surgeons studying DBS. It provides practical advice on processing strategies and theoretical background, highlighting and reviewing the current state-of-the-art in connectomic surgery. - Written to provide a "hands-on" approach for neuroscience graduate students, as well as medical personnel from the fields of neurology and neurosurgery - Includes preprocessing strategies (such as co-registration, normalization, lead localization, VTA estimation and fiber-tracking approaches) - Presents references (key articles, books and protocols) for additional detailed study - Provides data analysis boxes in each chapter to help with data interpretation

Download or read book Spatial Variation written by B. Matern and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-12-11 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book was first published in 1960 as No. 5 of Volume 49 of Reports of the Forest Research Institute of Sweden. It was at the same time a doctor's thesis in mathematical statistics at Stockholm University. In the second edition, a number of misprints and other errors have been corrected. An author index and a subject index have been added. Finally, a new postscript comments on the later development of the subjects treated in the book. BERTIL MATERN March r¢6 Acknowledgements The completion of this thesis was facilitated through the generous assist ance of several persons and institutions. I would wish to express my sincere gratitude to my teacher, Professor HARALD CRAMtR, now chancellor of the Swedish universities, for his valuable help and encouragement. Sincere thanks are also offered to Professor ULF GRENANDER for kindly reading the first version of the manuscript and giving valuable advice. The thesis has been prepared during two widely separated periods. A preliminary draft of Ch. 2 was written in 1948, whereas the remaining parts were completed in 1959-1960. The work originates from problems which I discussed in a publication in 1947. The problems were assigned to me by Professor MANFRED NASLUND, former head of the Swedish Forest Research Institute, now governor of the province Norrbotten. It is a pleasure to acknowledge my gratefulness to Professor Naslund for his un remitting encouragement and interest in my work.

Download or read book Using Quantified Motor Behavior Outcomes to Improve Deep Brain Stimulation in Parkinson s Disease written by Kenneth Howard Louie and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 113 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a highly effective therapeutic option for Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, it can take 50 or more hours to obtain stimulation settings that optimally treat a patient’s symptoms. Additionally, axial symptoms, such as gait, are not adequately treated in the long term. In my work I explore the use of quantified motor behavior outcomes to reduce the time needed to obtain optimal stimulation parameters, and to develop a novel stimulation delivery approaches to better treat gait. First, I tested a Bayesian optimization approach to quickly and accurately model the input/output response of rigidity to stimulation frequency. I found, for PD patients that have a high degree of rigidity, Bayesian optimization models their response needing fewer samples than a traditional trial-and-error approach. Next, I tested a novel closed-loop stimulation delivery approach that delivered short duration pulse trains at specific phases of gait. I found that the patients that respond strongly to this type of stimulation delivery have a worse gait with their clinical settings. Overall, many patients saw small changes to their gait with this approach. Lastly, I analyzed the effects of turning stimulation on and off on gait. I found that a repeated measures of gait with short duration, 1 minute, wash-in and -out can detect significant changes. This is in contrast to previous reports that significant changes are only seen between 30-60 minutes. Through these studies I demonstrate the use of quantified motor behavior outcomes to improve DBS for PD.

Download or read book Deep Brain Stimulation written by Kelvin L. Chou and published by . This book was released on 2013-11-21 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the United States, an estimated 42 million people suffer from some form of movement disorder, including Parkinsons disease (PD), essential tremor (ET), and dystonia. Although medications may be helpful for these conditions, in many patients, symptoms cannot be controlled with medications alone. In such situations, their physicians may recommend a surgical procedure known as Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS). DBS is a revolutionary technology using an implanted device to deliver electrical stimulation to the brain to help symptoms, alleviate suffering, and improve quality of life. Deep brain stimulation has dramatically changed the lives of many patients with uncontrollable tremors. Patients often can resume normal activities, such as feeding and dressing themselves, and can have active and fulfilling lives. The need for anti-tremor medications is often reduced or eliminated. Though it's no longer considered experimental, DBS is, for now, still used as a second- or third-line treatment, reserved for patients with more advanced cases of the disease and those for whom medication alone is inadequate or can't be adjusted precisely enough to keep their tremors and writhing under control. The use of Deep Brain Stimulation continues to evolve and doctors are realizing that the earlier they perform the procedure the more they can improve the quality of life of their patients. Deep Brain Stimulation is the first book to be written by a team of experts that clearly explains the benefits, pros, and cons of this revolutionary new treatment"