Download or read book Oxygen Isotope Microanalysis of Silicates with Application to Fluid Rock Interfaces written by Jens Fiebig and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Development and Application of Laser Microprobe Techniques for Oxygen Isotope Analysis of Silicates And Fluid rock Interaction During and After Granulite facies Metamorphism Highland Southwestern Complex Sri Lanka written by Donald William Elsenheimer and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Stable Isotopes and Fluid Processes in Mineralization written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Oxygen Isotopes as Tracers and Stopwatches for Rock fluid Interaction in the Crust written by Maria Rosa Scicchitano and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Metamorphism is the dominant transformation mechanism of rocks in most of the Earth's lithosphere and it is driven by variations in temperature, pressure, deformation and influx of chemically active fluids. Fluids play a crucial role in affecting many physical and chemical processes. It is therefore essential to unravel their nature and source(s) and the extent of their infiltration to fully understand crustal evolution. Oxygen isotopes are one of the most robust tools used to obtain such information. Because fluid-rock interactions can occur at different stages of metamorphism, metamorphic rocks often preserve complex textures. A thorough understanding of rock-fluid interactions is however limited by the ability to resolve oxygen isotopic variations recorded at the microscale and by the robustness of oxygen isotopic signatures measured in nature. This challenge is addressed in this study by presenting new analytical and experimental developments concerning oxygen isotopes at the microscale and with implications for serpentinisation processes and oxygen diffusion in garnet. Serpentinised peridotites are important in recycling fluids and elements from ocean floor to mantle through seafloor metamorphism and subduction. This project represents the first investigation of (i) oxygen isotopes in serpentine minerals by ion microprobes and (ii) matrix bias effects related to Mg/Fe variations in olivine during oxygen isotope analysis by SHRIMP. Serpentine isotopic measurements were calibrated against the oxygen compositions of chemically homogeneous samples of antigorite, chrysotile and lizardite analysed by laser fluorination. Each serpentine mineral was analysed by SHRIMP to assess its homogeneity compared to San Carlos olivine, and potential matrix bias and crystal orientation effects. Matrix bias between antigorite/olivine and antigorite/lizardite was up to +3% and -1%, respectively. Crystal orientation effects were identified only in chrysotile. Matrix bias effects in olivine were investigated by referencing isotopic measurements of ten chemically homogenous olivine standards (Fo74 to Fo100) to San Carlos olivine (Fo91). A matrix bias up to -2.0% was observed in olivine with Fo > Fo92. The new standards and protocols were used to unravel the nature and source(s) of serpentinising fluid(s) in (i) a UHP serpentinite with multiple serpentine generations, (ii) a serpentinised dunite with zoned olivine grains surrounded by lizardite. Variations in the oxygen isotopic composition of garnet can be used to unravel the P-T-t-fluid evolution of numerous crustal rocks. However, the correct interpretation of measured oxygen isotopic heterogeneities and the understanding of rates and timescales of rock-fluid interactions require the knowledge of oxygen diffusion rates in garnet, which are yet poorly constrained. This work presents new high-P piston cylinder experiments performed in dry and wet conditions (T = 900-1600°C, P = 1.0-2.5 GPa) and 1 atm dry experiments (T = 1500-1600°C) using YAG and pyrope garnets. The recovered crystals were analysed in step-scanning and depth profiling mode by SHRIMP and in step-scanning mode by nanoSIMS. Mixing and edge effects during SHRIMP depth profiling were evaluated. The obtained results suggest no effects of chemical composition and pressure on oxygen diffusivity in garnet. The Arrhenius relation determined in this study predicts oxygen diffusivities faster than any previous calibration.
Download or read book Experimental Calibration of Silicon and Oxygen Isotope Fractionations Between Quartz and Water at 250 C by in Situ Microanalysis of Experimental Products and Application to Zoned Low delta 30Si Quartz Overgrowths written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Oxygen Isotope Analysis of Aluminum Silicate Triple point Rocks in New Mexico and New Hampshire written by Toti Erik Larson and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Quartz Cementation in Sandstones written by R. Worden and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-09-18 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Quartz is the major porosity-reducing cement in many sandstonesequences. Therefore, Quartz cements represent a key source ofpetrographic and geochemical information about diagenetic history.They are also the major determinant of sandstone reservoirquality. While the ultimate goal of research in this area is to makerobust predictions about the amount and distribution of quartzcements in a wide variety of depositional and burial settings,there are nevertheless large areas of the subject that are poorlyunderstood and remain the subject of controversy. The aim of this Volume, which is based partly on paperssubmitted to a 1996 workshop in Belfast, and partly on invitedcontributions, is to bring together some of the main strands ofresearch into quartz cements and provide a focus for debate anddirection for future research. This book will be welcomed by sedimentologists, petrographersand geochemists involved in sandstone digenesis, as well as bypetroleum geologists seeking a deeper understanding of the factorsinfluencing reservoir porosity and permeability. Contributors from 11 countries and 4 continents. Represents the benchmark in quartz cement research. If you are a member of the International Association ofSedimentologists, for purchasing details, please see:http://www.iasnet.org/publications/details.asp?code=SP29
Download or read book Compilation of Minimum and Maximum Isotope Ratios of Selected Elements in Naturally Occurring Terrestrial Materials and Reagents written by Tyler B. Coplen and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Documented variations in the isotopic compositions of some chemical elements are responsible for expanded uncertainties in the standard atomic weights published by the Commission on Atomic Weights and Isotopic Abundances of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. This report summarizes reported variations in the isotopic compositions of 20 elements that are due to physical and chemical fractionation processes (not due to radioactive decay) and their effects on the standard atomic weight uncertainties. For 11 of those elements (hydrogen, lithium, boron, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, silicon, sulfur, chlorine, copper, and selenium), standard atomic weight uncertainties have been assigned values that are substantially larger than analytical uncertainties because of common isotope abundance variations in materials of natural terrestrial origin. For 2 elements (chromium and thallium), recently reported isotope abundance variations potentially are large enough to result in future expansion of their atomic weight uncertainties. For 7 elements (magnesium, calcium, iron, zinc, molybdenum, palladium, and tellurium), documented isotope-abundance variations in materials of natural terrestrial origin are too small to have a significant effect on their standard atomic weight uncertainties.
Download or read book Mineralogy of Quartz and Silica Minerals written by Jens Götze and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2018-11-20 with total page 275 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "Mineralogy of Quartz and Silica Minerals" that was published in Minerals
Download or read book Petrochronology written by Matthew J. Kohn and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2019-11-05 with total page 596 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Petrochronology is a rapidly emerging branch of Earth science that links time (ages or rates) with specific rock-forming processes and their physical conditions. It is founded in petrology and geochemistry, which define a petrogenetic context or delimit a specific process, to which chronometric data are then linked. This combination informs Earth’s petrogenetic processes better than petrology or geochronology alone. This volume and the accompanying short courses address three broad categories of inquiry. Conceptual approaches chapters include petrologic modeling of multi-component chemical and mineralogic systems, and development of methods that include diffusive alteration of mineral chemistry. Methods chapters address four main analytical techniques, specifically EPMA, LA-ICP-MS, SIMS and TIMS. Mineral-specific chapters explore applications to a wide range of minerals, including zircon (metamorphic, igneous, and detrital/Hadean), baddeleyite, REE minerals (monazite, allanite, xenotime and apatite), titanite, rutile, garnet, and major igneous minerals (olivine, plagioclase and pyroxenes). These applications mainly focus on metamorphic, igneous, or tectonic processes, but additionally elucidate fundamental transdisciplinary progress in addressing mechanisms of crystal growth, the chemical consequences of mineral growth kinetics, and how chemical transport and deformation affect chemically complex mineral composites. Most chapters further recommend areas of future research.
Download or read book The Role of Halogens in Terrestrial and Extraterrestrial Geochemical Processes written by Daniel E. Harlov and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-01-30 with total page 1029 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book summarizes the knowledge and experiences concerning the role of halogens during various geochemical processes, such as diagenesis, ore-formation, magma evolution, metasomatism, mineralization, and metamorphism in the crust and mantle of the Earth. It comprises the role of halogens in other terrestrial worlds like volatile-rich asteroids, Mars, and the ice moons of Jupiter and Saturn. Review chapters outline and expand upon the basis of our current understanding regarding how halogens contribute to the geochemical/geophysical evolution and stability of terrestrial worlds overall.
Download or read book Phoscorites and Carbonatites from Mantle to Mine the Key Example of the Kola Alkaline Province written by F. Wall and published by The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland. This book was released on 2004-07-01 with total page 514 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Phoscorites are dark, often very handsome, sometimes economically valuable, magnetite-apatite-silicate rocks, almost always associated with carbonatite. They are key to understanding the longstanding question of how carbonate and carbonate-bearing magmas rise to the crust and the Earths surface. Despite this, they have been given little attention; a search on geological literature databases will produce thousands of references to carbonatite (up to 4125 on Georef) but not more than thirty references to phoscorite. This book goes some way to redress this balance. Over recent years many European and North American scientists have studied Kola rocks in collaboration with Russian colleagues. The idea for this book came from one such project funded by the European organisation, INTAS (Grant No 97-0722). The Kola Peninsula is one of the outstanding areas in the World for the concentration and economic importance of alkaline rocks. However, Russian work on the Kola complexes is still relatively unknown and a particular aim of this book, as well as presenting current research, is to make this knowledge accessible to English language readers. A large exploration programme on Kola alkaline rocks was active from 1950 to 1990 and involved teams of geologists who studied many kilometres of drill core and carried out detailed mineralogical and petrological studies.
Download or read book Microstructural Geochronology written by Desmond E. Moser and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-11-23 with total page 901 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microstructural Geochronology Geochronology techniques enable the study of geological evolution and environmental change over time. This volume integrates two aspects of geochronology: one based on classical methods of orientation and spatial patterns, and the other on ratios of radioactive isotopes and their decay products. The chapters illustrate how material science techniques are taking this field to the atomic scale, enabling us to image the chemical and structural record of mineral lattice growth and deformation, and sometimes the patterns of radioactive parent and daughter atoms themselves, to generate a microstructural geochronology from some of the most resilient materials in the solar system. First compilation of research focusing on the crystal structure, material properties, and chemical zoning of the geochronology mineral archive down to nanoscale Novel comparisons of mineral time archives from different rocky planets and asteroids and their shock metamorphic histories Fundamentals on how to reconstruct and date radiogenic isotope distributions using atom probe tomography Microstructural Geochronology will be a valuable resource for graduate students, academics, and researchers in the fields of petrology, geochronology, mineralogy, geochemistry, planetary geology, astrobiology, chemistry, and material science. It will also appeal to philosophers and historians of science from other disciplines.
Download or read book Minerals as Advanced Materials II written by S V Krivovichev and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-12-01 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a collection of papers that are devoted to various aspects of interactions between mineralogy and material sciences. It will include reviews, perspective papers and original research papers on mineral nanostructures, biomineralization, micro- and nanoporous mineral phases as functional materials, physical and optical properties of minerals, etc. Many important materials that dominate modern technological development were known to mineralogists for hundreds of years, though their properties were not fully recognized. Mineralogy, on the other hand, needs new impacts for the further development in the line of modern scientific achievements such as bio- and nanotechnologies as well as by the understanding of a deep role that information plays in the formation of natural structures and definition of natural processes. It is the idea of this series of books to provide an arena for interdisciplinary discussion on minerals as advanced materials.
Download or read book Stable Isotope Geochemistry written by Jochen Hoefs and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 333 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stable Isotope Geochemistry is an introduction to the use of stable isotopes in the fields of geoscience. It is subdivided into three parts: - theoretical and experimental principles; - fractionation mechanisms of light elements; - the natural variations of geologically important reservoirs. In this updated 4th edition many of the chapters have been expanded, especially those on techniques and environmental aspects. The main focus is on recent results and new developments. For students and scientists alike the book will be a primary reference with regard to how and where stable isotopes can be used to solve geological problems.
Download or read book Magmatism in the Ocean Basins written by Andy D. Saunders and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The papers in this volume derive from a meeting in Leicester in January 1987, and concentrate on magmatic and mantle processes. They include: Asthenospheric control on magmatism in the ocean basins; Abyssal peridotites, very slow spreading ridges and ocean ridge magmatism; Pressure of origin of primary mid-ocean ridge basalts; Genesis of mid-ocean ridge basalts; Origin of hybrid lavas from Agua de Pau volcano, Sao Miguel, Azores; Geochemical features of intraplate oceanic plateau basalts; Characterization of the St Helena magma source; Evaluation of rare gas data in relation to oceanic magmas; and others.
Download or read book Microprobe Techniques in the Earth Sciences written by Philip J. Potts and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 30% discount for members of The Mineralogical Society of Britain and Ireland This text covers the range of microanalytical techniques available for the analysis of geological samples, principally in research applications. Each chapter is written in a clear, informative style and has a tutorial element, designed to introduce each technique for the beginning and experienced researcher alike.
