Download or read book Oxidative Degradation of Aqueous Monoethanolamine in CO2 Capture Processes written by George Scott Goff and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Organic Chemistry of Nitrogen written by Nevil Vincent Sidgwick and published by . This book was released on 1910 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Corrosion in CO2 Absorption Process Using Aqueous Monoethanolamine piperazine Solution written by Manjula Nainar and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work explores the promise of aqueous solutions of blended monoethanolamine (MEA) and piperazine (PZ) as a cost-effective solvent for carbon dioxide (CO2) capture from industrial flue gas streams with respect to addressing corrosion, which is regarded as one of the most severe operational problems in typical CO2 capture plants. Two types of corrosion experiments were carried out in bench-scale setups, electrochemical tests for short-term exposure and weight loss tests for long-term exposure. The results show that the blended MEA/PZ solutions are more corrosive than the MEA solutions. The corrosion rate of carbon steel increases with concentration of PZ, total amine concentration, CO2 loading of solution, solution temperature, the presence of heat stable salts, and the presence of the proprietary oxidative degradation inhibitor (Inhibitor A provided by the University of Texas at Austin). Among the tested heat-stable salts, formate is the most corrosive salt, followed by acetate, oxalate, and thiosulfate in the absence of oxygen (O2), while acetate is the most corrosive salt followed by formate, oxalate, and thiosulfate in the presence of O2. Based on the level of corrosion rate found in the MEA/PZ system, corrosion control is required during plant operation to suppress the corrosion rate of carbon steel to below an acceptable level. Sodium metavanadate (NaVO3) and copper carbonate (CuCO3) were proven to be effective corrosion inhibitors with inhibition performance of up to 94-98%. Dissolved O2 is required in the solution to maintain active Cu2 or V5+, which, thus, prevents the metallic copper (Cu) from plating out or the formation of other oxidative states of vanadate. The performance of these two inhibitors can be deteriorated by the presence of heat-stable salts in the solutions.
Download or read book Process Systems and Materials for CO2 Capture written by Athanasios I. Papadopoulos and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-05-01 with total page 686 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive volume brings together an extensive collection of systematic computer-aided tools and methods developed in recent years for CO2 capture applications, and presents a structured and organized account of works from internationally acknowledged scientists and engineers, through: Modeling of materials and processes based on chemical and physical principles Design of materials and processes based on systematic optimization methods Utilization of advanced control and integration methods in process and plant-wide operations The tools and methods described are illustrated through case studies on materials such as solvents, adsorbents, and membranes, and on processes such as absorption / desorption, pressure and vacuum swing adsorption, membranes, oxycombustion, solid looping, etc. Process Systems and Materials for CO2 Capture: Modelling, Design, Control and Integration should become the essential introductory resource for researchers and industrial practitioners in the field of CO2 capture technology who wish to explore developments in computer-aided tools and methods. In addition, it aims to introduce CO2 capture technologies to process systems engineers working in the development of general computational tools and methods by highlighting opportunities for new developments to address the needs and challenges in CO2 capture technologies.
Download or read book Energy Efficient Solvents for CO2 Capture by Gas Liquid Absorption written by Wojciech M. Budzianowski and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-12-01 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reviews and characterises promising single-compound solvents, solvent blends and advanced solvent systems suitable for CO2 capture applications using gas-liquid absorption. Focusing on energy efficient solvents with minimal adverse environmental impact, the contributions included analyse the major technological advantages, as well as research and development challenges of promising solvents and solvent systems in various sustainable CO2 capture applications. It provides a valuable source of information for undergraduate and postgraduate students, as well as for chemical engineers and energy specialists.
Download or read book Absorption Based Post Combustion Capture of Carbon Dioxide written by Paul Feron and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2016-05-27 with total page 816 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Absorption-Based Post-Combustion Capture of Carbon Dioxide provides a comprehensive and authoritative review of the use of absorbents for post-combustion capture of carbon dioxide. As fossil fuel-based power generation technologies are likely to remain key in the future, at least in the short- and medium-term, carbon capture and storage will be a critical greenhouse gas reduction technique. Post-combustion capture involves the removal of carbon dioxide from flue gases after fuel combustion, meaning that carbon dioxide can then be compressed and cooled to form a safely transportable liquid that can be stored underground. Provides researchers in academia and industry with an authoritative overview of the amine-based methods for carbon dioxide capture from flue gases and related processes Editors and contributors are well known experts in the field Presents the first book on this specific topic
Download or read book Post combustion CO2 Capture Technology written by Helei Liu and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-09-25 with total page 55 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a comprehensive review of the latest information on all aspects of the post-combustion carbon capture process. It provides designers and operators of amine solvent-based CO2 capture plants with an in-depth understanding of the most up-to-date fundamental chemistry and physics of the CO2 absorption technologies using amine-based reactive solvents. Topics covered include the physical properties, chemical analysis, reaction kinetics, CO2 solubility, and innovative configurations of absorption and stripping columns as well as information on technology applications. This book also examines the post-build operational issues of corrosion prevention and control, solvent management, solvent stability, solvent recycling and reclaiming, intelligent monitoring and plant control including process automation. In addition, the authors discuss the recent insights into the theoretical basis of plant operation in terms of thermodynamics, transport phenomena, chemical reaction kinetics/engineering, interfacial phenomena, and materials. The insights provided help engineers, scientists, and decision makers working in academia, industry and government gain a better understanding of post-combustion carbon capture technologies.
Download or read book Amine Oxidation in Carbon Dioxide Capture by Aqueous Scrubbing written by Alexander Karl Voice and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 658 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Amine degradation in aqueous amine scrubbing systems for capturing CO2 from coal fired power plants is a major problem. Oxygen in the flue gas is the major cause of solvent deterioration, which increases the cost of CO2 capture due to reduced capacity, reduced rates, increased corrosion, solvent makeup, foaming, and reclaiming. Degradation also produces environmentally hazardous materials: ammonia, amides, aldehydes, nitramines, and nitrosamines. Thus it is important to understand and mitigate amine oxidation in industrial CO2 capture systems. A series of lab-scale experiments was conducted to better understand the causes of and solutions to amine oxidation. This work included determination of rates, products, catalysts, and inhibitors for various amines at various conditions. Special attention was paid to understanding monoethanolamine (MEA) oxidation, whereas oxidation of piperazine (PZ) and other amines was less thorough. The most important scientific contribution of this work has been to show that amine oxidation in real CO2 capture systems is much more complex than previously believed, and cannot be explained by mass transfer or reaction kinetics in the absorber by itself, or by dissolved oxygen kinetics in the cross exchanger. An accurate representation of MEA oxidation in real systems must take into account catalysts present (especially Mn and Fe), enhanced oxygen mass transfer in the absorber as a function of various process conditions, and possibly oxygen carriers other than dissolved oxygen in the cross exchanger and stripper. Strategies for mitigating oxidative degradation at low temperature, proposed in this and previous work are less effective or ineffective with high temperature cycling, which is more representative of real systems. In order of effectiveness, these strategies are: selecting an amine resistant to oxidation, reduction of dissolved metals in the system, reduction of the stripper temperature, reduction of the absorber temperature, and addition of a chemical inhibitor to the system. Intercooling in the absorber can reduce amine oxidation and improve energy efficiency, whereas amine oxidation should be considered in choosing the optimal stripper temperature. In real systems, 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is expected to be the most resistant to oxidation, followed by PZ and PZ derivatives, then methyldiethanolamine (MDEA), and then MEA. MEA oxidation with high temperature cycling is increased 70% by raising the cycling temperature from 100 to 120 °C, the proposed operational temperature range of the stripper. PZ oxidation is increased 100% by cycling to 150 °C as opposed to 120 °C. Metals are expected to increase oxidation in MEA and PZ with high temperature cycling by 40 - 80%. Inhibitor A is not expected to be effective in real systems with MEA or with PZ. MDEA is also not effective as an inhibitor in MEA, and chelating agents diethylenetriamine penta (acetic acid) (DTPA) and 2,5-dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole (DMcT) are only mildly effective in MEA. Although MEA oxidation in real systems cannot be significantly reduced by any known additives, it can be accurately monitored on a continuous basis by measuring ammonia production from the absorber. Ammonia production was shown to account for two-thirds of nitrogen in degraded MEA at low temperature and with high temperature cycling, suggesting that it is a reliable indicator of MEA oxidation under a variety of process conditions. A proposed system, which minimizes amine oxidation while maintaining excellent rate and thermodynamic properties for CO2 capture would involve use of 4 m AMP + 2 m PZ as a capture solvent with the stripper at 135 °C, intercooling in the absorber, and use of a corrosion inhibitor or continuous metals removal system. Reducing (anaerobic) conditions should be avoided to prevent excessive corrosion from occurring and minimize the amount of dissolved metals. This system is expected to reduce amine oxidation by 90-95% compared with the base case 7 m MEA with the stripper at 120 °C.
Download or read book First principles Studies on Degradation of Aqueous Amines for Carbon Dioxide Capture written by Bohak Yoon and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chemical absorption with aqueous amine-based solvents has been the most promising incumbent technology for post-combustion CO2 capture from flue gas. However, its extensive operation is severely limited by the large cost attributed to the enormous energy requirement for solvent regeneration and degradation issues leading to makeup of amine solvent loss. First-principles atomistic modeling can provide key insights into elucidating chemical phenomena pertinent to degradation behavior in CO2-loaded aqueous amine solution, which is often extremely challenging to be experimentally characterized. In this dissertation, our first-principles works on illuminating the molecular mechanisms governing solvent degradation of aqueous amine during CO2 capture are presented. Using density functional theory based ab initio molecular dynamics with enhanced sampling techniques, we identify elementary reactions governing CO2 capture and degradation. Molecular mechanisms of thermal and oxidative degradation of aqueous amine solvents are discussed in perspective of both thermodynamics and kinetics. We systematically investigate on the factors prevailing key reaction rates, such as amine functional groups, the steric hindrances, classes of amines (primary and secondary), concentration of amines, solvation nature, and temperature conditions. These factors may largely affect relative strengths of both inter- and intramolecular hydrogen bond interactions in CO2-loaded aqueous amine solution. Our theoretical studies further illustrate the importance of an atomistic-level description of solvation structure and dynamics that may primarily govern CO2 reaction with aqueous amine solvents and associated degradation mechanisms. This dissertation highlights the key role of first-principles computational modelling in accurately describing mechanistic understandings on CO2 capture by aqueous amine solvents and associated degradation processes. The enhanced atomisticlevel descriptions will provide more complete explanations for experimental characterizations and valuable suggestions on how to optimize existing solvents and design more cost-efficient solvents for carbon capture processes
Download or read book Climate Change 2014 written by Groupe d'experts intergouvernemental sur l'évolution du climat and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 151 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book U S Naval Research Laboratory Washington D C written by Naval Research Laboratory (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Kinetic Study of Oxidative Degradation in Gas Treating Unit Using Aqueous Monoethanolamine Solution written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Aspects of Degradation of Monoethanolamine Solutions During Co2 Absorption written by Kali-Stella Zoannou and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The most common technique for carbon dioxide removal from gaseous streams is amine scrubbing, a proven technology in the oil and gas industries. The use of this route in coal fired power plants is not fully understood and the likelihood of solvent degradation is high. Decreased absorption efficiency, undesirable byproducts, the environmental impact of their disposal and increased process costs are the main consequences. In this study, two experimental rigs were designed and commissioned to explore the effects of gas composition and temperature on monoethanolamine degradation. Analytical procedures to detect and quantify its major thermal and oxidative degradation products were also developed. It became apparent early on that solvent degradation, under actual plant conditions, is a slow phenomenon, thus, it was decided to focus on thermal degradation. The present study uniquely enabled the absorption/desorption behaviour of thermally degraded solvents to be evaluated. The major thermal degradation products were quantified. After 14 full absorption/stripping cycles at the presence of 16% oxygen and 15% carbon dioxide, significant concentrations of nitrites and nitrates were detected in the samples. Thermal degradation at 160 oC for 8 weeks reduced monoethanolamine concentration by almost 95%, as evidenced by the chemical analysis, but the remaining solvent retained 22% of its capacity to remove carbon dioxide. Therefore, although not fully quantified, the requirement for monoethanolamine make-up may not be quite as serious as initially believed. There is some evidence to support that the rate of thermal degradation was enhanced as carbon dioxide loading increased and a 20% higher MEA loss was determined in the samples with the rich initial molar loading. A range of degradation products were quantified that correspond to those cited in the literature. 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-imidazolidinone was indicated as the most stable MEA degradation product in the degraded samples at concentrations of up to 17% v/v.
Download or read book Carbon Dioxide Chemistry Capture and Oil Recovery written by Iyad Karamé and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2018-08-16 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fossil fuels still need to meet the growing demand of global economic development, yet they are often considered as one of the main sources of the CO2 release in the atmosphere. CO2, which is the primary greenhouse gas (GHG), is periodically exchanged among the land surface, ocean, and atmosphere where various creatures absorb and produce it daily. However, the balanced processes of producing and consuming the CO2 by nature are unfortunately faced by the anthropogenic release of CO2. Decreasing the emissions of these greenhouse gases is becoming more urgent. Therefore, carbon sequestration and storage (CSS) of CO2, its utilization in oil recovery, as well as its conversion into fuels and chemicals emerge as active options and potential strategies to mitigate CO2 emissions and climate change, energy crises, and challenges in the storage of energy.
Download or read book Kinetic Study of Oxidative Degradation in Gas Treating Unit Using Aqueous Monoethanolamine Solution microform written by Supap, Teeradet and published by National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada. This book was released on 1999 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Liquid phase Oxidation of Oxygen containing Compounds written by Evgeniĭ Timofeevich Denisov and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book An Economy Based on Carbon Dioxide and Water written by Michele Aresta and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-07-01 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is devoted to CO2 capture and utilization (CCU) from a green, biotechnological and economic perspective, and presents the potential of, and the bottlenecks and breakthroughs in converting a stable molecule such as CO2 into specialty chemicals and materials or energy-rich compounds. The use of renewable energy (solar, wind, geothermal, hydro) and non-fossil hydrogen is a must for converting large volumes of CO2 into energy products, and as such, the authors explore and compare the availability of hydrogen from water using these sources with that using oil or methane. Divided into 13 chapters, the book offers an analysis of the conditions under which CO2 utilization is possible, and discusses CO2 capture from concentrated sources and the atmosphere. It also analyzes the technological (non-chemical) uses of CO2, carbonation of basic minerals and industrial sludge, and the microbial-catalytic-electrochemical-photoelectrochemical-plasma conversion of CO2 into chemicals and energy products. Further, the book provides examples of advanced bioelectrochemical syntheses and RuBisCO engineering, as well as a techno-energetic and economic analysis of CCU. Written by leading international experts, this book offers a unique perspective on the potential of the various technologies discussed, and a vision for a sustainable future. Intended for graduates with a good understanding of chemistry, catalysis, biotechnology, electrochemistry and photochemistry, it particularly appeals to researchers (in academia and industry) and university teachers.
