Download or read book Dictionnaire Napoleon written by Jean F. Tulard and published by . This book was released on 1989-01-01 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Le Roi le Marchand et le Sel written by Jean-Claude Hocquet and published by Presses Univ. Septentrion. This book was released on 1987 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Le roi, le marchand et le sel présente les Actes d'une table ronde réunies en septembre 1986 dans la saline royale édifiée par Ledoux à Arc-et-Senans. L'analyse de la genèse de l'État moderne, de la fonction de la guerre et du rôle dévolu à l'impôt du sel dans la construction de ses finances ouvre la voie à de belles études. Les précurseurs ont été les communes marchandes italiennes, les royaumes espagnols et la Provence du frère de Saint Louis. C'est pourtant dans le royaume de France des Valois et des Bourbons que la gabelle du sel s'est affirmé avec le plus de force, provoquant à la fois l'enrichissement des fermiers, les colères populaires et une contrebande éffrénée. Dans l'empire, les villes qui disposaient du monopole de production masquaient l'impôt sous le profit commercial. Ce profit consolida les finances et le pouvoir des ducs d'Autriche et les Habsbourg finirent par conquêrir les mines de Pologne. Il contribua aussi à la puissance commerciale des Provinces-Unies aux 16e et 17e siècles. L'impôt du sel n'a pas été seulement un phénomène européen mais mondial. Il n'est pas lié à un type d'État ni de formation économique et sociale. On suit sa destinée depuis la Rome antique jusqu'au Japon d'aujourd'hui, en passant par l'Amérique hispanique et l'Afrique noire colonisée, la Chine et l'Inde anglaise, où Gandhi s'empara de la question du sel pour en faire une arme de libération nationale contre la domination britannique. Le sel se prêtait à ce prélèvement fiscal massif qui nous rappelle que dans de nombreuses sociétés il avait assumé, dans l'échange marchand, toutes les fonctions sociales d'une monnaie.

Download or read book Philostratus written by Philostratus (the Athenian) and published by . This book was released on 1912 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book A Concordance to the Works of Alexander Pope written by Edwin Abbott and published by . This book was released on 1875 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Leinster written by Stephen Lucius Gwynn and published by . This book was released on 1911 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Connaught written by Stephen Lucius Gwynn and published by . This book was released on 1912 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Apocryphal New Testament written by and published by . This book was released on 1926 with total page 624 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Fletcherism what it is written by Horace Fletcher and published by . This book was released on 1913 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book I Catherine written by Saint Catherine (of Siena) and published by HarperCollins. This book was released on 1980 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Analecta Or Materials For a History of Remarkable Providences Mostly Relating to Scotch Ministers and Christians written by Robert Wodrow and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2024-05-25 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reprint of the original, first published in 1842.

Download or read book Giphantia written by Charles-François Tiphaigne de La Roche and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2023-05-09 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reproduction of the original.

Download or read book History of the Normans written by Dudo (Dean of St. Quentin) and published by Boydell & Brewer Ltd. This book was released on 1998 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First English translation of key chronicle for study of the rise of the Normans.

Download or read book History of the Cotton Manufacture in Great Britain written by Edward Baines and published by London, H. Fisher, R. Fisher & F. Jackson, [pref.1835]. This book was released on 1835 with total page 630 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Spinning World written by Giorgio Riello and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2011-09-22 with total page 507 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection of essays examines the history of cotton textiles at a global level over the period 1200-1850. It provides new answers to two questions: what is it about cotton that made it the paradigmatic first global commodity? And second, why did cotton industries in different parts of the world follow different paths of development?

Download or read book Labor in a New Land written by Stephen Innes and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2014-07-14 with total page 219 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stephen Innes studies the relationship between work, land, and community in seventeenth-century Springfield, Massachusetts. Using analytical concepts drawn from anthropology--dependence, mediation, and clientage--he shows that the town was a highly commercialized, developmental community contrasting sharply with the communal, quietistic models that currently form our image of early New England. Originally published in 1983. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.

Download or read book Massacre at the Champ de Mars written by David Andress and published by Boydell & Brewer Ltd. This book was released on 2000 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On 17 July 1791 the revolutionary National Guard of Paris opened fire on a crowd of protesters: citizens believing themselves patriots trying to save France from the reinstatement of a traitor king. To the National Guard and their political superiors the protesters were the dregs of the people, brigands paid by counter-revolutionary aristocrats. Politicians and journalists declared the National Guard the patriots, and their action a heroic defence of the fledgling Constitution.

Download or read book Guilds Innovation and the European Economy 1400 1800 written by S. R. Epstein and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2008-03-31 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For a long time guilds have been condemned as a major obstacle to economic progress in the pre-industrial era. This re-examination of the role of guilds in the early modern European economy challenges that view by taking into account fresh research on innovation, technological change and entrepreneurship. Leading economic historians argue that industry before the Industrial Revolution was much more innovative than previous studies have allowed for and explore the different products and production techniques that were launched and developed in this period. Much of this innovation was fostered by the craft guilds that formed the backbone of industrial production before the rise of the steam engine. The book traces the manifold ways in which guilds in a variety of industries in Italy, Austria, Germany, Switzerland, France, Belgium, the Netherlands, and Britain helped to create an institutional environment conducive to technological and marketing innovations.