Download or read book Optimizing Population Healthcare Resource Allocation Under Uncertainty Using Global Optimization Methods written by David Linz and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Due to the rise in American healthcare costs, clinic administrators are increasingly concerned with optimally delivering service to patients. Due to the complex and uncertain nature of patient demand and other factors, models for healthcare systems may have to rely on discrete event simulation that incorporates random effects in order to realistically describe systems. Subsequently, optimization for decision-making must be applicable to objective functions with noise, which are often the output of complex simulation models. Second, many stakeholders may have an aversion to the risk generated by the system's uncertainty. For this reason, a well suited optimization approach must provide solutions to problems with stochastic "black-box" objective functions that provide insight to decision makers. This dissertation research has two main objectives: first, to develop models that can generate robust optimal staffing recommendations for healthcare systems in order to minimize the risk to patients while considering system constraints, and second to develop new simulation optimization theory and algorithms that can effectively minimize noisy black-box objective functions. The first research objective is met by addressing two practical problems concerning the delivery of medical services to patients in a patient-centered medical system using a modeled decision making framework. The first problem concerns locating specialist care across geographically distributed clinics with uncertain demand. This problem highlights the trade-offs between risk and an average penalty function associated with centralized versus distributed care. The second problem addresses the question of optimal panel design in primary care that combines both operational and strategic decisions. Since the second model cannot be easily written with closed-form equations, a discrete event simulation model is created to measure the effectiveness of chosen paneling policies in delivering care to patients. The second research objective is met by developing two adaptive random search theoretical frameworks with provable finite time results and exploring partition-based algorithms for global optimization with noise. The two theoretical frameworks are called Quantile Adaptive Search (QAS) and Hesitant Adaptive Search with Estimation (HAS-E). Under certain assumptions the expected number of function evaluations of HAS-E and QAS increases only linearly in dimension. This dissertation explores the implementation of partition-based algorithms that focus on sampling within quantiles to address problems with a higher number of dimensions. First, an extension to Optimal Computational Budget Allocation (OCBA) partition-based random search is developed that uses a look-ahead algorithm to improve optimizer performance. Second, an extension of the Nested Partition algorithm is adapted to sample points from a decreasing quantile level set. Third, an algorithm that samples from successive quantile level sets through the application of the Probabilistic Branch and Bound (PBnB) algorithm for level set approximation is explored. Finally, the dissertation also develops an algorithm where the PBnB algorithm is incorporated into a Nested Partition framework and the target quantile is decreased iteratively. To provide a broad overview of potential black-box optimization for our applications, this dissertation contains research on benchmarking the numerical performance of derivative-free optimization techniques in a variety of contexts. The dissertation contains numerical results in benchmarking the effectiveness of a single observation with a "shrinking ball" approximation when estimating the objective function of a problem with noise. In addition to benchmarking existing algorithms, this effort also includes numerical performance analysis of the newly developed algorithms in this dissertation. Overall, this research contributes to the advancement of stochastic global optimization methodology in order to practically improve real-world decision making. With the developed algorithms, healthcare administrators are able to generate near-optimal strategies for staffing and resource allocation and gain a better understanding of trade-offs in resource allocation that enable risk-averse decision makers to better serve patients.

Download or read book Method for Optimizing Resource Allocation in a Government Organization written by James Afarin and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Handbook of Healthcare Operations Management written by Brian T. Denton and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-02-28 with total page 542 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the Preface: Collectively, the chapters in this book address application domains including inpatient and outpatient services, public health networks, supply chain management, and resource constrained settings in developing countries. Many of the chapters provide specific examples or case studies illustrating the applications of operations research methods across the globe, including Africa, Australia, Belgium, Canada, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Chapters 1-4 review operations research methods that are most commonly applied to health care operations management including: queuing, simulation, and mathematical programming. Chapters 5-7 address challenges related to inpatient services in hospitals such as surgery, intensive care units, and hospital wards. Chapters 8-10 cover outpatient services, the fastest growing part of many health systems, and describe operations research models for primary and specialty care services, and how to plan for patient no-shows. Chapters 12 – 16 cover topics related to the broader integration of health services in the context of public health, including optimizing the location of emergency vehicles, planning for mass vaccination events, and the coordination among different parts of a health system. Chapters 17-18 address supply chain management within hospitals, with a focus on pharmaceutical supply management, and the challenges of managing inventory for nursing units. Finally, Chapters 19-20 provide examples of important and emerging research in the realm of humanitarian logistics.

Download or read book Improving Population Health and the Prioritization of Health Goals Through Cost effectiveness Methods and Optimization of Resource Allocation written by John Wieland Oswald and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Multiple Criteria Decision Engineering to Support Management in Military Healthcare and Logistics Operations written by Nathaniel Bastian and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. Department of Defense Military Health System (MHS) is a unique health system in that it recruits and trains its own medical staff, has a generally physically fit patient population, and is a closed, single-payer system. The unique mission of the MHS comes with its own set of healthcare and logistics challenges above and beyond those of a civilian US-based health system. At the surface, the MHS is charged with delivering quality healthcare to a diverse population. At the core, however, that charge includes maintaining peacetime healthcare delivery capacity while ensuring the deployment readiness of the active force, and deploying, establishing and running forward deployed healthcare facilities to provide the necessary health services support for combat, stability, peacekeeping, and humanitarian assistance operations. Further complicating the delivery of quality care is the transient nature of healthcare providers either due to deployments or routine personnel moves between hospitals, clinics, and field units. Due to the complexity of the MHS, effective management of healthcare resources and logistics is paramount. This is also important to senior military leaders since many real-world decision problems in the MHS exhibit the presence of multiple, conflicting objectives for judging alternatives, as well as the need for making compromises or trade-offs regarding the outcomes of alternate courses of action. Further, most of these same resource allocation decision problems are faced under inherent, underlying uncertainties. As a result of these challenges, this doctoral dissertation employs methods of multiple criteria decision engineering to assist strategic decision-making and to support the complex planning and management of military healthcare resources, personnel, logistics, and financial incentives. The primary motivation is the requirement to provide data-driven, managerial decision support for decision problems in: 1) resource allocation and performance within the military hospital network, 2) military medical workforce planning and future force structure, 3) supply chain network design for humanitarian assistance and disaster relief aerial delivery operations, and 4) effectiveness of healthcare financial incentives on hospital efficiency. Multi-criteria and stochastic optimization models that leverage mixed-integer programming, Monte Carlo simulation, discrete event simulation, text mining, clustering analysis, regression modeling and econometrics are developed to provide critical insights for military decision-makers. The multiple criteria decision engineering methods in this dissertation are applied to several real-world decision problems within military healthcare and logistics operations to illustrate the impact and relevance of the results. First, we proffer the Multi-Objective Auto-Optimization Model (MAOM) -- a resource allocation-based optimization model that adjusts resources (system inputs) automatically -- which provides decision-makers with a decision-support tool for re-allocating resources in large health systems that are centrally controlled and funded, such as the MHS. The necessity to efficiently balance and re-allocate system resources among hospitals in a hospital network is paramount, especially as health systems experience increasing demand and costs for health services. In these systems, inputs are fixed at certain levels and may only be adjusted within medical treatment facilities, while outputs must be maintained. Second, we proffer the Objective Force Model (OFM), a deterministic, mixed-integer linear weighted goal programming model to optimize workforce planning for the U.S. Army Medical Department (AMEDD) Personnel Proponency Directorate (APPD). We also develop two stochastic variants of the linear OFM, which incorporate probabilistic components associated with uncertain officer continuation rates. We employ a discrete event simulation model to verify and validate the results. These models allow for better transparency of personnel for both the senior AMEDD decision-makers and the health services human resource planners at APPD, while effectively projecting the manpower structure that provides the appropriate skill levels (by grade) to meet the demands of the current workforce structure. Third, we develop a multiple criteria decision analysis (MCDA) framework to optimize the military humanitarian assistance/disaster relief (HA/DR) aerial delivery supply chain network under uncertainty. The model uses stochastic, mixed-integer, weighted goal programming to optimize network design, logistics costs, staging locations, procurement amounts, and inventory levels. The MCDA framework enables decision-makers to explore the trade-offs between military HA/DR aerial delivery supply chain efficiency and responsiveness, while optimizing across a wide range of real-world, probabilistic scenarios to account for the inherent uncertainty in the location of global humanitarian disasters, as well as the amount of demand to be met. Fourth, we propose the Fuzzy Multi-Objective Auto-Optimization Model (FMAOM), an optimization model with fuzzy constraints that can be used for automatic resource re-allocation with respect to different levels of risk preferences. The efficient use of resources in health systems is crucial mostly due to the increasing demand and limited funding. The implications of the proposed fuzzy decision-making model for healthcare decision-makers and its relevance to healthcare policy and management are discussed. Fifth, we measure the effect of a monetary incentive model on hospital efficiency and outcomes. The Army component of the MHS implemented a pay-for-performance financial incentive program in 2007 in an effort to stimulate patient quality, access, and satisfaction improvements. Using a retrospective, quasi-experimental design, the empirical analysis incorporates data envelopment analysis (DEA) with time windows and difference-in-differences estimation. Hospitals are evaluated in the U.S. Army, Air Force, and Navy during the period of 2001--2012. The results indicate a statistically significant reduction in efficiency for the hospitals that received financial incentives. The health policy implications of this study are applicable in light of the national healthcare debate and may assist healthcare policy-makers in determining the efficacy and associated trade-offs of pay-for-performance financing models. Last, we introduce the Stochastic Multi-Objective Auto-Optimization Model (SMAOM) for resource allocation decision-making under uncertainty in the MHS. The model can automatically identify where to re-allocate system input resources at the hospital level in order to optimize overall system performance, while considering uncertainty in the model parameters. The usefulness of the proposed model is illustrated by a computational experiment in which a traditional DEA model is compared to the proposed SMAOM for 128 hospitals in the three services (Air Force, Navy, Army) in the MHS using hospital-level data from 2009 - 2013. The application of SMAOM to the MHS increases the expected system-wide technical efficiency by 18% over the DEA model while also accounting for uncertainty of health system inputs and outputs. In summary, the multiple criteria decision engineering models described in this dissertation focus on supporting the management of scarce military health system resources, military workforce planning and force structure, military humanitarian logistics network design, and military healthcare financial incentives. The challenge, however, remains in careful and continual coordination with senior MHS decision-makers and hospital managers so that models proffered here are used effectively as decision support tools.

Download or read book Optimizing Your Capacity to Care written by Mphm Story and published by Productivity Press. This book was released on 2021-09-30 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is clear that we need a significant examination and restructuring of the entire healthcare system and our Capacity to Care such that we simultaneously improve care capacity, cost, quality, accessibility, and resource gratification. This book is a comprehensive guide to a new way to optimize and manage community-wide Care Capacity via a unique

Download or read book Optimization Methods for Resource Allocation written by Richard Cottle and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Encyclopedia of Optimization written by Christodoulos A. Floudas and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-09-04 with total page 4646 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The goal of the Encyclopedia of Optimization is to introduce the reader to a complete set of topics that show the spectrum of research, the richness of ideas, and the breadth of applications that has come from this field. The second edition builds on the success of the former edition with more than 150 completely new entries, designed to ensure that the reference addresses recent areas where optimization theories and techniques have advanced. Particularly heavy attention resulted in health science and transportation, with entries such as "Algorithms for Genomics", "Optimization and Radiotherapy Treatment Design", and "Crew Scheduling".

Download or read book Handbook of Operations Research for Homeland Security written by Jeffrey Herrmann and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-11-06 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new Handbook addresses the state of the art in the application of operations research models to problems in preventing terrorist attacks, planning and preparing for emergencies, and responding to and recovering from disasters. The purpose of the book is to enlighten policy makers and decision makers about the power of operations research to help organizations plan for and respond to terrorist attacks, natural disasters, and public health emergencies, while at the same time providing researchers with one single source of up-to-date research and applications. The Handbook consists of nine separate chapters: Using Operations Research Methods for Homeland Security Problems Operations Research and Homeland Security: Overview and Case Study of Pandemic Influenza Deployed Security Games for Patrol Planning Interdiction Models and Applications Time Discrepant Shipments in Manifest Data Achieving Realistic Levels of Defensive Hedging Mitigating the Risk of an Anthrax Attack with Medical Countermeasures Service Networks for Public Health Preparedness and Large-scale Disaster Relief Efforts Disaster Response Planning in the Private Sector

Download or read book Techniques for the Allocation of Resources Under Uncertainty written by Pierrick Plamondon and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Essays in Optimal Resource Allocation Under Uncertainty with Capacity Constraints written by Elizabeth Hoffman and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis brings together four papers on optimal resource allocation under uncertainty with capacity constraints. The first is an extension of the Arrow-Debreu contingent claim model to a good subject to supply uncertainty for which delivery capacity has to be chosen before the uncertainty is resolved. The second compares an ex-ante contingent claims market to a dynamic market in which capacity is chosen ex-ante and output and consumption decisions are made ex-post. The third extends the analysis to a storable good subject to random supply. Finally, the fourth examines optimal allocation of water under an appropriative rights system.

Download or read book Handbook of Research on Emergent Applications of Optimization Algorithms written by Vasant, Pandian and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2017-10-31 with total page 948 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modern optimization approaches have attracted an increasing number of scientists, decision makers, and researchers. As new issues in this field emerge, different optimization methodologies must be developed and implemented. The Handbook of Research on Emergent Applications of Optimization Algorithms is an authoritative reference source for the latest scholarly research on modern optimization techniques for solving complex problems of global optimization and their applications in economics and engineering. Featuring coverage on a broad range of topics and perspectives such as hybrid systems, non-cooperative games, and cryptography, this publication is ideally designed for students, researchers, and engineers interested in emerging developments in optimization algorithms.

Download or read book Evaluation of global health disaster response and humanitarian projects and programs written by Stephen Waller and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-07-27 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Operations Research Applications in Health Care Management written by Cengiz Kahraman and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-12-08 with total page 596 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a comprehensive reference guide to operations research theory and applications in health care systems. It provides readers with all the necessary tools for solving health care problems. The respective chapters, written by prominent researchers, explain a wealth of both basic and advanced concepts of operations research for the management of operating rooms, intensive care units, supply chain, emergency medical service, human resources, lean health care, and procurement. To foster a better understanding, the chapters include relevant examples or case studies. Taken together, they form an excellent reference guide for researchers, lecturers and postgraduate students pursuing research on health care management problems. The book presents a dynamic snapshot on the field that is expected to stimulate new directions and stimulate new ideas and developments.

Download or read book Handbook of Research on Optimizing Healthcare Management Techniques written by Wickramasinghe, Nilmini and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2019-12-27 with total page 431 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Healthcare is noted for using leading-edge technologies and embracing new scientific discoveries to enable better cures for diseases and better means to enable early detection of most life-threatening diseases. However, the healthcare industry globally, and in the US specifically, has been extremely slow to adopt technologies that focus on better practice management and administrative needs. Presently, healthcare is grappling with many challenges both nationally and globally, including escalating costs, a move to a preventative care environment, and a technologically savvy patient with high expectations. The Handbook of Research on Optimizing Healthcare Management Techniques is a pivotal reference source that provides an extensive and rich compilation of various ICT initiatives and examines the role that ICT plays and will play in the future of healthcare delivery. It represents ways in which healthcare delivery can be made superior and the healthcare industry can begin to address the major challenges it faces in the 21st century so that ultimately the most important person in the web of healthcare players, the patient, can be confident about receiving high-quality, cost-effective healthcare. While highlighting topics such as e-health, medical informatics, and patient value, this publication explores the role of supportive technologies as well as the methods of focused, patient-centric outcomes. This book is ideally designed for doctors, nurses, hospital administrators, medical staff, hospital directors, medical boards, IT consultants, health practitioners, academicians, researchers, and students.

Download or read book Handbook of Smart Cities written by Juan Carlos Augusto and published by Springer. This book was released on 2021-07-17 with total page 1697 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Handbook presents a comprehensive and rigorous overview of the state-of-the-art on Smart Cities. It provides the reader with an authoritative, exhaustive one-stop reference on how the field has evolved and where the current and future challenges lie. From the foundations to the many overlapping dimensions (human, energy, technology, data, institutions, ethics etc.), each chapter is written by international experts and amply illustrated with figures and tables with an emphasis on current research. The Handbook is an invaluable desk reference for researchers in a wide variety of fields, not only smart cities specialists but also by scientists and policy-makers in related disciplines that are deeply influenced by the emergence of intelligent cities. It should also serve as a key resource for graduate students and young researchers entering the area, and for instructors who teach courses on these subjects. The handbook is also of interest to industry and business innovators.

Download or read book Portfolio Decision Analysis written by Ahti Salo and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-08-12 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Portfolio Decision Analysis: Improved Methods for Resource Allocation provides an extensive, up-to-date coverage of decision analytic methods which help firms and public organizations allocate resources to 'lumpy' investment opportunities while explicitly recognizing relevant financial and non-financial evaluation criteria and the presence of alternative investment opportunities. In particular, it discusses the evolution of these methods, presents new methodological advances and illustrates their use across several application domains. The book offers a many-faceted treatment of portfolio decision analysis (PDA). Among other things, it (i) synthesizes the state-of-play in PDA, (ii) describes novel methodologies, (iii) fosters the deployment of these methodologies, and (iv) contributes to the strengthening of research on PDA. Portfolio problems are widely regarded as the single most important application context of decision analysis, and, with its extensive and unique coverage of these problems, this book is a much-needed addition to the literature. The book also presents innovative treatments of new methodological approaches and their uses in applications. The intended audience consists of practitioners and researchers who wish to gain a good understanding of portfolio decision analysis and insights into how PDA methods can be leveraged in different application contexts. The book can also be employed in courses at the post-graduate level.