Download or read book Optimization of Propane Engines for Light Duty Vehicles Phase I written by Canada. Centre de développement des transports (1979- ) and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 137 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Optimization of Propane Engines for Light Duty Vehicles written by G. A. Lacy and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 137 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Propane Vehicles written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Propane as an auto fuel has a high octane value and has key properties required for spark-ignited internal combustion engines. To operate a vehicle on propane as either a dedicated fuel or bi-fuel (i.e., switching between gasoline and propane) vehicle, only a few modifications must be made to the engine. Until recently propane vehicles have commonly used a vapor pressure system that was somewhat similar to a carburetion system, wherein the propane would be vaporized and mixed with combustion air in the intake plenum of the engine. This leads to lower efficiency as more air, rather than fuel, is inducted into the cylinder for combustion (Myers 2009). A newer liquid injection system has become available that injects propane directly into the cylinder, resulting in no mixing penalty because air is not diluted with the gaseous fuel in the intake manifold. Use of a direct propane injection system will improve engine efficiency (Gupta 2009). Other systems include the sequential multi-port fuel injection system and a bi-fuel 'hybrid' sequential propane injection system. Carbureted systems remain in use but mostly for non-road applications. In the United States a closed-loop system is used in after-market conversions. This system incorporates an electronic sensor that provides constant feedback to the fuel controller to allow it to measure precisely the proper air/fuel ratio. A complete conversion system includes a fuel controller, pressure regulator valves, fuel injectors, electronics, fuel tank, and software. A slight power loss is expected in conversion to a vapor pressure system, but power can still be optimized with vehicle modifications of such items as the air/fuel mixture and compression ratios. Cold start issues are eliminated for vapor pressure systems since the air/fuel mixture is gaseous. In light-duty propane vehicles, the fuel tank is typically mounted in the trunk; for medium- and heavy-duty vans and trucks, the tank is located under the body of the vehicle. Propane tanks add weight to a vehicle and can slightly increase the consumption of fuel. On a gallon-to-gallon basis, the energy content of propane is 73% that of gasoline, thus requiring more propane fuel to travel an equivalent distance, even in an optimized engine (EERE 2009b).
Download or read book Engine Oil Performance in Propane Fueled Light Duty Vehicles written by J. M. Smith and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Genetic Algorithm Optimization of a Chemical Kinetic Mechanism for Propane at Engine Relavant Condition written by and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diesel engines are ubiquitous in Medium-Duty and Heavy-Duty transportation applications, including trucks, buses, and vocational vehicles, due to their high thermal efficiency compared to existing spark-ignition (SI) engine technologies. However, diesel fuel has a high carbon intensity, leading to significant carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions despite its high thermal efficiency. Additionally, diesel engines require more expensive and complicated exhaust after-treatment systems to handle harmful pollutants such as nitrogen oxides (NOX), particulate emissions,and unburned hydrocarbon than comparable spark-ignition engines. Motivated by these factors, work is underway at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) to design a high-efficiency spark ignition propane fueled engine as a replacement for the diesel engine in Medium-Duty and Heavy-Duty applications. High engine efficiency is enabled by the high-octane number of propane, allowing for the use of high geometric compression ratios and high stroke-to-bore ratio, while the lower carbon intensity of propane enables reduced CO2 emissions compared to diesel fuel. To achieve this target, a combination of computational and experimental efforts to optimize engine design is required. The research work aims to validate and improve a chemical kinetic mechanism for accurately capturing propane chemical kinetics such that computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling of key engine geometric parameters can be accomplished. An existing chemical kinetic mechanism was first selected by validating the mechanism performance under rapid compression machine (RCM) conditions in ANSYS Chemkin-Pro, and the Cooperative Fuels Research (CFR) engine in a GT-Power model. After that, a sensitivity analysis was performed on the kinetic mechanism to determine the most sensitive chemical reactions at the range of tested conditions in order to identify key reaction rates to optimize using a genetic algorithm, improving the mechanism's performance against rapid compression machine ignition predictions. The optimized set of reaction rates will then define an improved reaction mechanism that will be reevaluated against CFR engine data and RCM data to demonstrate that the mechanism can capture the chemical kinetic behaviors more accurately for propane.
Download or read book Guidelines to Improved Performance and Fuel Consumption of Propane Conversions written by and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report provides engine-tuning guidelines for technicians converting gasoline-fuelled vehicles to operate on propane. The guidelines are based on a series of engine dynamometer tests. Available propane carburation systems were tested on engines representative of passenger cars (3.8 L V-6), light trucks or vans (4.9 L I-6), and medium-duty trucks (6.1 L V-8). In addition to evaluating the carburation system itself, experiments were carried out to improve the fuel consumption by optimizing the ignition timing and air-fuel ratio for a wide range of operating conditions. Installers are also provided with additional information on tuning the propane-fuelled engine to achieve better fuel consumption and performance.
Download or read book Department of the Interior and Related Agencies Appropriations for 1997 written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Department of the Interior and Related Agencies and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 1284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Department of the Interior and Related Agencies Appropriations for 1998 Justification of the budget estimates United States Forest Service Department of Energy written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Department of the Interior and Related Agencies and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 780 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Alternative Fuels and Advanced Vehicle Technologies for Improved Environmental Performance written by Richard Folkson and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2022-07-27 with total page 800 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Alternative Fuels and Advanced Vehicle Technologies for Improved Environmental Performance: Towards Zero Carbon Transportation, Second Edition provides a comprehensive view of key developments in advanced fuels and vehicle technologies to improve the energy efficiency and environmental impact of the automotive sector. Sections consider the role of alternative fuels such as electricity, alcohol and hydrogen fuel cells, as well as advanced additives and oils in environmentally sustainable transport. Other topics explored include methods of revising engine and vehicle design to improve environmental performance and fuel economy and developments in electric and hybrid vehicle technologies. This reference will provide professionals, engineers and researchers of alternative fuels with an understanding of the latest clean technologies which will help them to advance the field. Those working in environmental and mechanical engineering will benefit from the detailed analysis of the technologies covered, as will fuel suppliers and energy producers seeking to improve the efficiency, sustainability and accessibility of their work. - Provides a fully updated reference with significant technological advances and developments in the sector - Presents analyses on the latest advances in electronic systems for emissions control, autonomous systems, artificial intelligence and legislative requirements - Includes a strong focus on updated climate change predictions and consequences, helping the reader work towards ambitious 2050 climate change goals for the automotive industry
Download or read book Department of the Interior and Related Agencies Appropriations for 1998 written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Department of the Interior and Related Agencies and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 964 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Strategies for Optimization of Diesel ignited Propane Dual Fuel Combustion in a Heavy Duty Compression Ignition Engine written by Chad Duane Carpenter and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A 12.9 L heavy duty compression ignition engine was tested with strategies for dual fuel optimization. The effects of varied intake manifold pressure as well as split-injection strategies at a load of 5 bar BMEP and 85 PES were observed. These results were used to allow testing of split-injection strategies at a higher load of 10 bar BMEP at 70 PES that were void of MPRR above 2000 kPa/CAD. The split-injection strategies at 5 bar BMEP showed that lower BSNOx can be achieved with minimal drop in FCE. Varying intake manifold pressure revealed that combustion occurs earlier in a cycle with increasing intake manifold pressure and indirectly increasing FCE. A load of 10 bar BMEP at 70 PES should only use split-injection strategy to maintain load without high MPRR as efficiency drops with dependency on the second injection.
Download or read book Propane Utilization in the Automotive Field Through Engine Optimization Dual Fuel Systems and Propane Blends written by Canada. Department of Energy, Mines and Resources. Efficiency and Alternative Energy Branch and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Preprints of the Annual Automotive Technology Development Contractors Coordination Meeting written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 842 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Propane Power for Light Duty Vehicles written by Fred Hendren and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Vehicle Propulsion Systems written by Lino Guzzella and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-09-21 with total page 345 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The authors of this text have written a comprehensive introduction to the modeling and optimization problems encountered when designing new propulsion systems for passenger cars. It is intended for persons interested in the analysis and optimization of vehicle propulsion systems. Its focus is on the control-oriented mathematical description of the physical processes and on the model-based optimization of the system structure and of the supervisory control algorithms.
Download or read book Emissions Optimization of Propane Dual Fuel Combustion Ignited by Diesel and Polyoxymethylene Dimethyl Ether At Low Loads written by Prabhat R Jha and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dual fuel engines utilize two different fuels consisting of a high reactivity fuel (HRF)injected into the cylinder and a low reactivity fuel (LRF), typically fumigated into the intakemanifold. In order to reduce the emissions of nitrogen oxides when compared against dieselcombustion, dual fuel engines begin the injection process early in the combustion cycle.However, at early injection timings dual fuel engines exhibit high emissions of both unburnedhydrocarbons (HC) and carbon monoxide (CO). This work discusses the emissions optimizationprocess to reduce emissions for two different fueling types, diesel-propane and poly-oxymethylene dimethyl ether (POMDME)-propane, on a single cylinder research engine (SCRE)based upon a PACCAR MX-11 heavy-duty engine while maintaining combustion and fuelconversion efficiencies.The parameters swept during this optimization process include start of injection, percentenergy substitution, a second injection and its timing, the split ratio - or the ratio of commandedduration of the first injection to that of the second, a coupled injection sweep, rail pressure, andintake pressure. These parameters were varied at a fixed gross indicated mean effective pressure(IMEPg) of 5 bar to represent low load operation as well as a fixed engine speed of 1339 rpm("B speed" of the SCRE). During all experiments a global limit of 1 g/kWh was set on theindicated specific NOx emissions, as well as a maximum pressure rise rate of 10 bar/deg, and acoefficient of variation of IMEPg at or below 5%. Using these limits and the emissions tradeoffsbetween HC, CO and NOx, this work was able to demonstrate diesel-propane emissionsimprovements of HC and CO of 86.4% and 66.8% respectively when compared to the baseline, while POMDME-propane emissions showed improvements in HC and CO of 90.9% and 86.2%respectively. Additionally, POMDME emissions demonstrated zero measurable filter smokenumber during all engine operations. A preliminary life cycle analysis of using both dual fuelcombinations have been compared against traditional diesel operation as well as battery poweredoperation and is found within the appendix of this work.
Download or read book Technologies and Approaches to Reducing the Fuel Consumption of Medium and Heavy Duty Vehicles written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2010-07-30 with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Technologies and Approaches to Reducing the Fuel Consumption of Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles evaluates various technologies and methods that could improve the fuel economy of medium- and heavy-duty vehicles, such as tractor-trailers, transit buses, and work trucks. The book also recommends approaches that federal agencies could use to regulate these vehicles' fuel consumption. Currently there are no fuel consumption standards for such vehicles, which account for about 26 percent of the transportation fuel used in the U.S. The miles-per-gallon measure used to regulate the fuel economy of passenger cars. is not appropriate for medium- and heavy-duty vehicles, which are designed above all to carry loads efficiently. Instead, any regulation of medium- and heavy-duty vehicles should use a metric that reflects the efficiency with which a vehicle moves goods or passengers, such as gallons per ton-mile, a unit that reflects the amount of fuel a vehicle would use to carry a ton of goods one mile. This is called load-specific fuel consumption (LSFC). The book estimates the improvements that various technologies could achieve over the next decade in seven vehicle types. For example, using advanced diesel engines in tractor-trailers could lower their fuel consumption by up to 20 percent by 2020, and improved aerodynamics could yield an 11 percent reduction. Hybrid powertrains could lower the fuel consumption of vehicles that stop frequently, such as garbage trucks and transit buses, by as much 35 percent in the same time frame.
