Download or read book Optimal Equity Valuation Using Multiples written by Ian A. Cooper and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We examine how the accuracy of a multiples-based valuation changes as the number of comparable firms used to estimate the valuation multiple increases. Our research is motivated by a contrast between the approach followed by practitioners, who typically use a small number of closely comparable firms, and the academic literature which often uses all firms in an industry. Using a simple selection rule based on growth rates, we find that using ten closely comparable firms is as accurate on average as using the entire cross-section of firms in an industry. Using five comparable firms is slightly less accurate. However, the loss of accuracy from using five comparable firms rather than ten firms or the entire industry is not great. The relative accuracy of a valuation based on five comparables does not vary in a predicable way across industries, except that it is generally better to use a small number rather than all firms in an industry with a large number of members. However, the relative accuracy of a valuation based on a small number of comparables does depend heavily on the similarity of the comparable firms to the target firm. If there are firms in the same industry with growth rates close to that of the target firm, then it is better to use a small number of comparables. Adding more firms simply adds noise, on average.
Download or read book Equity Valuation Using Multiples written by Andreas Schreiner and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-04-15 with total page 191 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Andreas Schreiner examines the role of multiples in equity valuation. He transforms the standard multiples valuation method into a comprehensive framework for using multiples in valuation practice, which corresponds to economic theory and is consistent with the results of a broad empirical study of European and U.S. equity markets.
Download or read book Equity Valuation Using Multiples written by Andreas Schreiner and published by Deutscher Universitätsverlag. This book was released on 2007-04-25 with total page 173 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Andreas Schreiner examines the role of multiples in equity valuation. He transforms the standard multiples valuation method into a comprehensive framework for using multiples in valuation practice, which corresponds to economic theory and is consistent with the results of a broad empirical study of European and U.S. equity markets.
Download or read book Valuation Using Multiples written by Pablo Fernandez and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper focuses on equity valuation using multiples. Our basic conclusion is that multiples nearly always have broad dispersion, which is why valuations performed using multiples may be highly debatable. We revise the 14 most popular multiples and deal with the problem of using multiples for valuation: their dispersion. 1,200 multiples from 175 companies illustrate the dispersion of multiples of European utilities, English utilities, European constructors, hotel companies, telecommunications, banks and Internet companies. lt;brgt;lt;brgt;We also show that PER, EBITDA and Profit after Tax (the most commonly used parameters for multiples) were more volatile than equity value.lt;brgt;lt;brgt;We also provide additional evidence of the analysts' recommendations for Spanish companies: less than 15% of the recommendations are to sell. lt;brgt;lt;brgt;However, multiples are useful in a second stage of the valuation: after performing the valuation using another method, a comparison with the multiples of comparable firms enables us to gauge the valuation performed and identify differences between the firm valued and the firms it is compared with.
Download or read book Equity Valuation Using Multiples written by Jing Liu and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 51 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We examine the valuation performance of a comprehensive list of pricing multiples. We find that multiples derived from forward earnings explain stock prices remarkably well for most firms: pricing errors are within 15 percent of stock prices for about half of our sample. In terms of relative performance, the following general rankings are observed: 1) forward earnings measures, 2) historical earnings measures, 3) cash flow measures and book value of equity (tied), and 4) sales. Contrary to the popular view that different industries have different ?best? multiples, we find that these overall rankings are observed consistently for almost all industries examined. Adjusting the ratio formulation typically followed in practice to allow for an intercept offers some improvement, especially for multiples that perform poorly. No improvement is observed, however, when we consider more complex measures of intrinsic value based on short-cut residual income models (where forward earnings are combined with book values, estimated discount rates, and generic terminal value estimates).
Download or read book Equity Valuation Using Multiples written by Stefan Henschke and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study addresses the problem of differences between firms and the impact on valuations based on multiples. We investigate the extent to which industry-based multiples ignore additional firm-specific information and develop measures for identifying peer groups that are not comparable with the target firm. Additionally, we compare the performance of different methods that control for differences between firms. We find that differences between firms lead to systematic errors in the value estimates of different multiples. These errors are consistent with our hypotheses, statistically significant, economically substantial, consistent between different value drivers and robust over time. We find that these errors can be predicted very accurately by comparing the financial ratios of the target firm with the financial ratios of its peer group. We show that when adequately controlling for differences between firms, valuation accuracy is improved substantially and all considered value drivers perform almost equally well.
Download or read book Addressing Puzzle About Equity Valuation Using Multiples written by Ja Ryong Kim and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since Liu, Nissim and Thomas (LNT, 2002), researchers have been perplexed by how simple earnings forecasts using multiples, apparently outperform the theory-based residual income model in terms of pricing error. This paper explains mathematically how LNT (2002) find this curious result and demonstrates that, in terms of pricing error, the majority of residual income models in fact outperform earnings forecasts using multiples. The explanation for the LNT (2002) result is in their selection of comparators: they choose residual income models that perform the worst among residual income models, and compare them with the best performing multiples. In terms of future return generation, this paper reports that the majority of residual income models again outperform earnings forecasts using multiples, further supporting the superiority of theory-based valuation models to rule-of-thumb based models in price estimation and future return generation. The paper resolves a decade-old puzzle in equity valuation and demonstrates that theory-based valuation models are empirically superior to rule-of-thumb based valuation models.
Download or read book Damodaran on Valuation written by Aswath Damodaran and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-02-08 with total page 698 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Aswath Damodaran is simply the best valuation teacher around. If you are interested in the theory or practice of valuation, you should have Damodaran on Valuation on your bookshelf. You can bet that I do." -- Michael J. Mauboussin, Chief Investment Strategist, Legg Mason Capital Management and author of More Than You Know: Finding Financial Wisdom in Unconventional Places In order to be a successful CEO, corporate strategist, or analyst, understanding the valuation process is a necessity. The second edition of Damodaran on Valuation stands out as the most reliable book for answering many of today?s critical valuation questions. Completely revised and updated, this edition is the ideal book on valuation for CEOs and corporate strategists. You'll gain an understanding of the vitality of today?s valuation models and develop the acumen needed for the most complex and subtle valuation scenarios you will face.
Download or read book The Banking Industry Guide Key Insights for Investment Professionals written by Ryan C. Fuhrmann and published by CFA Institute. This book was released on 2017 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Valuation Approaches and Metrics written by Aswath Damodaran and published by Now Publishers Inc. This book was released on 2005 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Valuation lies at the heart of much of what we do in finance, whether it is the study of market efficiency and questions about corporate governance or the comparison of different investment decision rules in capital budgeting. In this paper, we consider the theory and evidence on valuation approaches. We begin by surveying the literature on discounted cash flow valuation models, ranging from the first mentions of the dividend discount model to value stocks to the use of excess return models in more recent years. In the second part of the paper, we examine relative valuation models and, in particular, the use of multiples and comparables in valuation and evaluate whether relative valuation models yield more or less precise estimates of value than discounted cash flow models. In the final part of the paper, we set the stage for further research in valuation by noting the estimation challenges we face as companies globalize and become exposed to risk in multiple countries.
Download or read book New Insights Into Equity Valuation Using Multiples written by Jian Kang and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 149 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Equity Asset Valuation written by Jerald E. Pinto and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-10-16 with total page 624 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Navigate equity investments and asset valuation with confidence Equity Asset Valuation, Third Edition blends theory and practice to paint an accurate, informative picture of the equity asset world. The most comprehensive resource on the market, this text supplements your studies for the third step in the three-level CFA certification program by integrating both accounting and finance concepts to explore a collection of valuation models and challenge you to determine which models are most appropriate for certain companies and circumstances. Detailed learning outcome statements help you navigate your way through the content, which covers a wide range of topics, including how an analyst approaches the equity valuation process, the basic DDM, the derivation of the required rate of return within the context of Markowitz and Sharpe's modern portfolio theory, and more. Equity investments encompass the buying and holding of shares of stock in the anticipation of collecting income from dividends and capital gains. Determining which shares will be profitable is key, and an array of valuation techniques is applied on today's market to decide which stocks are ripe for investment and which are best left out of your portfolio. Access the most comprehensive equity asset valuation text on the market Leverage detailed learning outcome statements that focus your attention on key concepts, and guide you in applying the material accurately and effectively Explore a wide range of essential topics, such as the free cash flow approach, valuation using Graham and Dodd type concepts of earning power, associated market multiples, and residual income models Improve your study efforts by leveraging the text during your CFA certification program prep Equity Asset Valuation, Third Edition is a comprehensive, updated text that guides you through the information you need to know to fully understand the general analysis of equity investments.
Download or read book Assessing Relative Valuation in Equity Markets written by Emanuele Rossi and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-04-29 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses the gap between the widespread use of stock market multiples in valuation practice and the frontiers of research on multiples. The book's approach is twofold: the authors first analyse the performance of multiples metrics in predicting the market price of a set of liquid and highly traded US stocks. The authors then employ these results to test profitable stock purchasing strategies employed in order to 'beat the market'. The results presented widen our understanding of the “market performances” of the valuation tools practitioners utilise in their everyday work. The evidence is of interest to researchers and equity analysts, who wish to analyse the circumstances in which valuation errors using multiples are more frequent and when market multiples become ineffective in estimating market prices.
Download or read book Equity Asset Valuation written by Jerald E. Pinto and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-10-20 with total page 622 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Navigate equity investments and asset valuation with confidence Equity Asset Valuation, Third Edition blends theory and practice to paint an accurate, informative picture of the equity asset world. The most comprehensive resource on the market, this text supplements your studies for the third step in the three-level CFA certification program by integrating both accounting and finance concepts to explore a collection of valuation models and challenge you to determine which models are most appropriate for certain companies and circumstances. Detailed learning outcome statements help you navigate your way through the content, which covers a wide range of topics, including how an analyst approaches the equity valuation process, the basic DDM, the derivation of the required rate of return within the context of Markowitz and Sharpe's modern portfolio theory, and more. Equity investments encompass the buying and holding of shares of stock in the anticipation of collecting income from dividends and capital gains. Determining which shares will be profitable is key, and an array of valuation techniques is applied on today's market to decide which stocks are ripe for investment and which are best left out of your portfolio. Access the most comprehensive equity asset valuation text on the market Leverage detailed learning outcome statements that focus your attention on key concepts, and guide you in applying the material accurately and effectively Explore a wide range of essential topics, such as the free cash flow approach, valuation using Graham and Dodd type concepts of earning power, associated market multiples, and residual income models Improve your study efforts by leveraging the text during your CFA certification program prep Equity Asset Valuation, Third Edition is a comprehensive, updated text that guides you through the information you need to know to fully understand the general analysis of equity investments.
Download or read book Optimal Equity Valuation of Closely Held Corporations written by Heidi Ann Hansel and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper defines valuation issues specific to closely held corporations by first identifying many factors necessary in the evaluation of a business, as identified in Revenue Ruling 59-60, such as the nature of the business and the history of the enterprise, the economic and industry's outlook, the book value of the stock and the financial condition of the business, the earnings capacity of the company, the dividend paying capacity, whether the enterprise has goodwill or other intangible value, sales of the stock, and the market price of stocks of corporations engaged in the same or a similar line of business. Then, several of the commonly used methods (the adjusted book value method, the discounted cash flows method, the earnings method, the comparative values method, the formula method, and the factor method) are identified, explained, and evaluated to determine their compliance with Revenue Ruling 59-60.
Download or read book Towards a more accurate equity valuation written by Stefan Henschke and published by Springer-Verlag. This book was released on 2010-09-24 with total page 183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The accurate valuation of companies is essential for investors and managers. What appears to be straightforward from an academic perspective – discount expected future payoffs using adequate cost of capital – can be extremely difficult to implement. Using an empirical approach, Stefan Henschke investigates and improves the performance of different equity valuation methods. His research provides guidance for identifying inaccurate valuations and for improving the accuracy of valuations based on multiples.
Download or read book Valuation for Mergers and Acquisitions written by Barbara S. Pécherot Petitt and published by Pearson Education. This book was released on 2013 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Master the latest insights, lessons, and best practice techniques for accurately valuing companies for potential mergers, acquisitions, and restructurings. Concise, realistic, and easy to use, Valuation for Mergers and Acquisitions, Second Edition has been fully updated to reflect the field's latest and most useful "rules of thumb," compare every modern approach to valuation, offering practical solutions for today's most complex and important valuation challenges. Treating valuation as both an art and a science, it covers the entire process, offering up-to-the-minute real-world advice, examples, and case studies. Leading valuation experts Barbara S. Petitt and Kenneth R. Ferris introduce and compare leading techniques including discounted cash flow analysis, earnings multiples analysis, adjusted present value analysis, economic value analysis, and real option analysis. They fully address related concerns such as the accounting structure of deals, accounting for goodwill, tax considerations, and more. Throughout, they identify common errors that lead to inaccurate valuation, and show how to avoid them. From start to finish, this guide doesn't just make valuation comprehensible: it provides the tools and insight to make valuation work. For all financial professionals concerned with valuation, especially those involved in potential mergers, acquisitions, and restructurings; and for corporate finance instructors and students in Executive MBA programs concerned with valuation
