Download or read book Open Market Stock Repurchase Programs and Liquidity written by James B. Wiggins and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book An Analysis of Repurchase Behavior in Open Market Stock Buyback Programs written by Tony Altobelli and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Boards of directors authorize billions of dollars in open market (OM) stock buybacks each year, but little is known about how many shares are actually repurchased. This paper analyses the repurchase behavior of firms that announce OM buyback programs. We find that OM announcements are credible signals. On average, firms repurchase more shares than originally authorized over the four quarters following the announcement, though there is considerable variation across firms. We examine the factors influencing repurchase behavior, and find that repurchases in a given quarter are associated with a number of variables, including past and current returns, profitability, and prior repurchase activity. We also investigate how shares outstanding change following OM program announcements. Firms in our sample actively issue shares over the test period so that the average decrease in shares outstanding is only about 20% of the number repurchased. For the most part, changes in shares are influenced by the same factors affecting repurchases and in the predicted direction.

Download or read book Stock repurchase and abnormal returns in den USA and Germany written by Jan Heise and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2008-02-26 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2006 in the subject Business economics - Investment and Finance, grade: A+, University of Massachusetts - Dartmouth (Charlton Business School), course: Masters Kurs: Finance for Decision Making, language: English, abstract: Two of the most prominent trends in corporate finance in the U.S. during the past 15 years are the growing popularity of share repurchases and the decreasing popularity of dividends. Repurchasing stocks is another way for managers to distribute money to shareholders, thus it plays an equivalent role as dividend payments. Consistent with Grullon and Michaely (2002) U.S. corporations distribute cash by rather repurchasing stock than by paying dividends to shareholders. Fama and French (2001) argue in the same direction. Their study provides evidence that the proportion of corporations paying cash dividends fell from 66.5% in 1978 to 20.8% in 1999. According to Grullon’s (2000) findings the total of share repurchases exceeded the total of dividend payment for industrial firms in 1998. In Germany share repurchases were highly restricted until 1998. As a consequence the volume of repurchases was small. The popularity of repurchases in the U.S. and in other countries was a strong argument for lifting the restrictions. These days, German companies announce buybacks regularly. Although capital markets in the USA and Germany are efficient the impact of stock repurchase programs differ, resulting in higher stock performance after buyback announcements in Germany than in the USA.

Download or read book Informed Trading and False Signaling with Open Market Repurchases written by Jesse M. Fried and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 63 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Public companies in the United States and elsewhere increasingly use open market stock buybacks, rather than dividends, to distribute cash to shareholders. Academic commentators have emphasized the possible benefits of such repurchases for shareholders. However, little attention has been paid to their potential drawbacks. This Article shows that managers use open market repurchases to indirectly buy stock for themselves at a bargain price. Managers also boost stock prices by announcing repurchase programs they do not intend to execute, enabling them to unload their own shares at a higher price. Such bargain repurchases and inflated-price sales systematically transfer significant amounts of value from public investors to managers, as well as distort managers' payout decisions. The Article concludes by proposing a new approach to regulating open market repurchases: requiring firms to disclose specific details of their buy orders in advance. This pre-repurchase disclosure rule, the Article shows, would undermine managers' ability to use repurchases for informed trading and false signaling, thereby reducing the resulting distortions and costs to shareholders. Moreoever, it would achieve these objectives without eroding any of the potential benefits of repurchases.

Download or read book Actual Share Reacquisitions in Open Market Repurchase Programs written by Clifford P. Stephens and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In contrast to Dutch auction repurchases and tender offers, the actual number of shares a firm will ultimately acquire in an open-market repurchase program is uncertain. This uncertainty arises because open-market share repurchase programs provide the firm with the option to repurchase shares, but do not obligate them to do so. In a sample of 450 programs from 1981 to 1990, between 74 percent and 82 percent of the shares announced as repurchase targets are actually acquired by the firm within three years of the repurchase announcement. Our results suggest that firms exploit the flexibility afforded them by the option to repurchase shares in at least two ways: First, share repurchases are negatively related to prior stock price performance, suggesting that firms purchase the stock when it is undervalued and defer when it is overvalued. Second, consistent with liquidity arguments, repurchases are positively related to the levels of cash flow. Overall, the evidence suggests that the flexibility afforded in both the magnitude of actual share repurchases and their timing is one reason why managers choose to repurchase shares through an open-market repuchase program rather than through a Dutch auction or self-tender offer.

Download or read book Corporate Payout Policy written by Harry DeAngelo and published by Now Publishers Inc. This book was released on 2009 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Corporate Payout Policy synthesizes the academic research on payout policy and explains "how much, when, and how". That is (i) the overall value of payouts over the life of the enterprise, (ii) the time profile of a firm's payouts across periods, and (iii) the form of those payouts. The authors conclude that today's theory does a good job of explaining the general features of corporate payout policies, but some important gaps remain. So while our emphasis is to clarify "what we know" about payout policy, the authors also identify a number of interesting unresolved questions for future research. Corporate Payout Policy discusses potential influences on corporate payout policy including managerial use of payouts to signal future earnings to outside investors, individuals' behavioral biases that lead to sentiment-based demands for distributions, the desire of large block stockholders to maintain corporate control, and personal tax incentives to defer payouts. The authors highlight four important "carry-away" points: the literature's focus on whether repurchases will (or should) drive out dividends is misplaced because it implicitly assumes that a single payout vehicle is optimal; extant empirical evidence is strongly incompatible with the notion that the primary purpose of dividends is to signal managers' views of future earnings to outside investors; over-confidence on the part of managers is potentially a first-order determinant of payout policy because it induces them to over-retain resources to invest in dubious projects and so behavioral biases may, in fact, turn out to be more important than agency costs in explaining why investors pressure firms to accelerate payouts; the influence of controlling stockholders on payout policy --- particularly in non-U.S. firms, where controlling stockholders are common --- is a promising area for future research. Corporate Payout Policy is required reading for both researchers and practitioners interested in understanding this central topic in corporate finance and governance.

Download or read book Optimal Execution of Open Market Stock Repurchase Programs written by Jacob Oded and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We provide a theoretical investigation of the execution of open-market stock repurchase programs. Our model suggests that the execution depends on availability of free cash and information asymmetry. The results highlight important features of open-market stock repurchase programs: they leave the firm the option to avoid payout when cash is needed for operations, yet they also disburse free cash as long as the stock is not severely overpriced. Because they are preformed at management discretion, however, repurchase programs also re-distribute wealth among shareholders. The model generates predictions about the completion rate of the programs and about the bid-ask spread during the repurchase period that might explain inconsistencies among earlier empirical studies.

Download or read book Stock Repurchases and Treasury Share Sales written by Amedeo De Cesari and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Can companies reduce the volatility and increase the liquidity of their stocks by trading them? In the context of the Italian stock market, where companies have far more leeway to sell as well as buy their own stocks than in the U.S., the answer is yes. We examine the effects of trading (open market share repurchases and treasury shares sales) on liquidity (bid-ask spread) and volatility (return variance). Further, we examine the impact of shareholder approvals of repurchase programs on liquidity and volatility. We find clear evidence that trading increases liquidity and reduces volatility. These results are consistent with our analysis of the motives Italian companies give for making share repurchases.

Download or read book The Effect of Enhanced Disclosure on Open Market Stock Repurchases written by Michael Simkovic and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Publicly traded companies distribute cash to shareholders primarily in two ways - either through dividends or through anonymous repurchases of the companies' own stock on the open market. Companies must announce a repurchase authorization, but do not actually have to repurchase any stock, and until recently did not have to disclose whether or not they were in fact repurchasing any stock. Scholars and regulators noticed that companies frequently announced repurchases but then appeared not to complete them. Scholars and regulators became concerned that such announcements might be used by insiders to exploit public investors. To increase transparency and reduce opportunities for exploitive behavior, the SEC required that companies disclose their repurchase activity for the past quarter in their 10-Q and 10-K filings beginning in January 2004. This paper tracks the 365 repurchase programs announced in 2004 and finds that since the SEC disclosure requirement went into effect, companies are more likely to complete their announced repurchases and do so within a shorter time period after the repurchase announcement.

Download or read book The Liquidity Impact of Open Market Share Repurchases written by Jonas Råsbrant and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We examine the market liquidity impact of open market share repurchases in a computerized order driven market. Using a detailed dataset of daily repurchase transactions on the Stockholm Stock Exchange together with intraday data on bid-ask spreads and order depths enable us to examine liquidity effects on the actual repurchase days. Overall, we find that repurchase trades inside the order driven trading system contributes to market liquidity through narrower bid-ask spreads and deeper market depths. After controlling for total trading volume, price, and volatility we still find a significant decrease of the bid-ask spread on repurchase days relative to surrounding non-repurchase days. However, repurchases executed as block trades outside the order driven trading system have a detrimental effect on the bid-ask spread, consistent with a negative response to the presence of informed managerial trading.

Download or read book Stock Buyback Motivations and Consequences A Literature Review written by Alvin Chen and published by CFA Institute Research Foundation. This book was released on 2022-02-09 with total page 77 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Once infrequently used, stock buybacks have become the dominant form of corporate payouts in the new century. Hundreds of billions of dollars flow from public companies to their shareholders via share repurchases every year. This literature review presents the main findings from the academic literature on stock buybacks in the United States and around the world. Where appropriate and possible, it compares and contrasts the insights of researchers to the views of practitioners. There has been much controversy about share repurchases in recent years. On the one hand, proponents of share repurchases say that this payout method provides liquidity and price support, returns excess cash in a flexible way, corrects undervaluation, and conveys information to the market. These aspects of buybacks are also often cited by practitioners as motivations for their share repurchase decisions. Academic research provides evidence that supports this view as well. On the other hand, opponents of buybacks argue that the practice may be used to manipulate executive compensation and mislead investors. While these aspects of share repurchase are rarely mentioned by corporate executives, academic research lends some credence to these concerns. Overall, academic researchers agree that while stock buybacks may be misused, this payout method has clear advantages. Hence, the challenge is to provide the right combination of oversight that allows companies to benefit from those advantages while minimizing potential costs. Finally, the studies surveyed in this review point out that a company’s buyback decision is tightly linked to many of its other policies, such as capital structure, compensation, risk management, and disclosure. Consequently, share repurchase policy discussions should also recognize the implications of the proposed changes for other corporate policies.

Download or read book Open Market Stock Repurchase and Stock Price Behavior When Management Values Real Investment written by Nobuyuki Isagawa and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper provides a simple explanation of open-market stock repurchases and the stock price behavior surrounding them. There is ex ante asymmetry of information with regard to the private benefits that corporate managers can attain from real investments. In our model, open-market repurchase announcements reveal information about the managers' private benefits when real investment opportunities are unprofitable in terms of firm values. This study differs from previous studies in that we show that announcements of open-market repurchase programs can be believable without the restriction that the announcements are commitments. Empirically, the model simultaneously predicts that a stock price will drop prior to an open-market repurchase announcement and will rise in response to the announcement. These predictions are consistent with stylized facts.

Download or read book On the Timing and Execution of Open Market Repurchases written by Laurie Krigman and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 47 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Little is known about the timing and execution of open market repurchases. U.S. firms are under no obligation to disclose when they are trading, and generally report only quarterly changes in shares outstanding. We use 64 firms' supplementally disclosed repurchase trading data to provide the first examination of repurchase timing and execution. Across the days reported in our sample, firms adopted a variety of execution styles ranging from immediate intense repurchasing to delayed and smoothed repurchasing. We find no clear evidence that repurchases are timed to coincide with, precede, or follow, days on which information is released. Within a given repurchase day, we find u-shaped repurchase patterns for NYSE firms and end-of-day repurchasing tendencies for Nasdaq firms. We benchmark the costs and value of a given repurchase program against naive accumulation strategies achieving the same terminal portfolio. While there is considerable variation across the firms, NYSE firms on average beat their benchmarks whereas Nasdaq firms do not. Finally, we document the liquidity impact of open market repurchases. We find that repurchasing contributes to market liquidity by narrowing bid-ask spreads on days when repurchase trades are completed.

Download or read book Open Market Share Repurchase Programs and Corporate Governance written by Gary Caton and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Payout policies based on share repurchase programs provide greater flexibility than do those based on cash dividends. We develop and test an empirical model in which strongly-governed companies outperform weakly-governed companies after announcing share repurchase programs. Our findings include positive associations between strong governance and both post-announcement adjusted operating performance and abnormal stock returns. The results are robust to sample selection bias, different sample criteria, governance measurement, and various control variables. In addition, governance strength is associated with larger post-announcement changes in CEO incentive compensation and merger and acquisition activity, both of which we argue are consistent with strongly-governed companies using the financial flexibility derived from choosing share repurchases over cash dividends to drive better performance. Consistent with current literature on attenuation of former anomalies, the associations we find between governance and post-announcement performance tend to disappear in the latter half of our sample period.

Download or read book The Impact of Open Market Share Repurchases on Volatility and Liquidity written by Jaemin Kim and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Mergers Acquisitions and Other Restructuring Activities written by Donald DePamphilis and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2011-08-22 with total page 784 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Two strengths distinguish this textbook from others. One is its presentation of subjects in the contexts wherein they occur. The other is its use of current events. Other improvements have shortened and simplified chapters, increased the numbers and types of pedagogical supplements, and expanded the international appeal of examples.

Download or read book Share Repurchases written by Theo Vermaelen and published by Now Publishers Inc. This book was released on 2005 with total page 117 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This survey derives some of the key results on the taxation of international investment in variants of one model of multinational investment.