Download or read book Online Automatic Titration of Chromic Acid in Chromium Plating Solutions and Phosphoric and Sulfuric Acids in Electropolishing Solutions written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 17 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Two increasingly important issues for the metal finishing industry are product quality and productivity. This industry is constantly looking for better online methods to monitor key chemical components in its metal finishing solutions. The analytical chemistry literature lacks an adequate online automatic titration method for the monitoring of chromic acid in chromium plating solutions and the monitoring of phosphoric and sulfuric acids in electropolishing solutions. Online automatic titration methods for each of these applications are given here based on previous manual titration methods. The identical experiment was conducted at two different companies who sell this type of instrument and included calibration, standardization and analysis. Although this work has a specific objective related to chromium plating and electropolishing solutions, the general method is applicable to most other types of metal finishing solution titrations. The optimum operating range of chromic acid in these chromium plating solutions is 240- 260 g/l while the optimum respective operating ranges of phosphoric and sulfuric acids are 640-730 g/l and 795 - 895 g/l. The resulting online automatic titration precisions for each application equal the present manual titration precisions from which these methods were derived.
Download or read book Laboratory Automatic Titration of Chromium Plating and Electropolishing Solutions written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Two increasingly important issues for the metal finishing industry are product quality and productivity. This industry is constantly looking for better methods to monitor key chemical components in its metal finishing solutions. The analytical chemistry literature lacks an adequate automatic titration method for the monitoring of chromic acid in chromium plating solutions and the monitoring of phosphoric and sulfuric acids in electropolishing solutions. Automatic titration methods for each of these applications are given here based on previous manual titration methods. The identical experiment was conducted at three different companies who sell this type of instrument and included calibration, standardization and analysis. Although this work has a specific objective related to chromium plating and electropolishing solutions, the general method is applicable to most other types of metal finishing solution titrations. The optimum operating range of chromic acid in these chromium plating solutions is 240-260 g/l while the optimum respective operating ranges of phosphoric and sulfuric acids are 640-730 g/l and 795 - 895 g/l. The resulting automatic titration precisions for each application equal the present manual titration precisions from which these methods were derived.
Download or read book Determination of Wastewater Acids from Chromium Plating and Electropolishing Solutions written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this report is to provide calibration data for the online UV-visible, conductivity, and pH detectors associated with the environmental thrust project, which is part of the Benet Laboratories vessel plating program. The chemical literature provides offline laboratory detection of chromic acid from chromium plating wastewater solutions, as well as phosphoric and sulfuric acids from electropolishing wastewater solutions. The chemical literature lacks online detection and calibration data for these wastewater acids and this is essential for the reclamation of these three acids. Not only are these chemical resources wasted if they are not reclaimed, but the U.S. Army pays increasingly more to dispose of these hazardous materials. Specific methods are illustrated here that do provide online detection and calibration of these chromium plating and electropolishing wastewater acids. These methods consist of online UV-visible, conductivity, and pH detection. These data and their associated precisions are sufficient to adequately calibrate these three detectors associated with the environmental thrust project.
Download or read book Automatic Coulometric Titration of Sulfuric Acid in Chromium Plating Solutions written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: No specific chemical analysis method exists in the literature for the offline or online determination of sulfuric acid in chromium plating solutions by automatic coulometer titration. A method is presented here that provides somewhat acceptable analysis and monitoring of the sulfuric acid in this chromium plating process. Due to a subjective data reduction process, online application of this method is unacceptable. The optimum operating range of sulfinic acid is 2.40- 3.10 g/l and the resulting precisions by this method are in the range of 0.10-0.25 g/I. These resulting offline automatic titration precisions are nearly equal to the presently used automatic ion chromatography precisions which is still the best available method to date.
Download or read book Utilization of Ion Chromatography and Statistics to Determine Important Acids in Chromium Plating and Electropolishing Solutions written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inadequate monitoring of sulfuric and chromic acids in chromium plating solutions and phosphoric and sulfluric acids in electropolishing solutions can cause serious problems for the chromium plating industry, such as poor quality products, wasted human resources, and wasted electrical energy. Current instrumental analysis methods, both offline and online, for these acids either do not result in acceptable precisions or are time consuming. Two similar methods, which are improvements on existing ion chromatographical methods, are presented here that provides acceptable analysis and monitoring of these acids in this chromium plating process.
Download or read book Determination of Phosphoric Acid Sulfuric Acid Chromic Acid and Their Matrix Effects in Chromium Plating and Associated Polishing Solutions by Ion Chromatography written by Samuel Sopok and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 17 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The determination of phosphoric, sulfuric, and chromic acids in chromium plating and polishing solutions is essential to optimize the plating quality of low alloy steels. An ion chromatographical procedure, which is an improvement on an established procedure now in practice, is described for these analytes. Despite previous beliefs, standards and samples must have similar acid-base characteristics and concentrations in order to eliminate potential matrix effects that may cause up to forty percent variation in the accuracy of these determinations. Established precisions and sensitivities did not vary in this new procedure. (aw).
Download or read book Electrodeposition of Chromium from Chromic Acid Baths written by Horace E. Haring and published by . This book was released on 1927 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Chromium Plating and Electropolishing Solution Analyses by Online X Ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Two increasingly important issues for the chemical processing industry are product quality and productivity. Traditionally, offline chemical analysis has been used to monitor both. The main disadvantage of offline analysis is the loss of time due to sampling, bringing samples to a lab, and waiting for results. Obvious efficiencies can be realized by continuous online chemical monitoring. The initial investment is high, but the return on investment can be very efficient process performance. X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (online and offline) is investigated and evaluated as a means to quantitatively analyze metal finishing solutions such as actual chromium plating and electroplating solutions for chromium, sulfur, phosphorus, and iron. The identical experenent was conducted at three different manufacturers of this type of instrument, and included calibration, standardization, and analysis. Although this work has a specific objective related to chromium plating and electropolishing liquid samples, much information is related to and provided for other types of samples. Chemical analysis by x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy is nondestructive, applicable to multiple process streams (liquid or solid), and requires no dilutions. In addition, calibration, standardization, and maintenance are minimal. For the specific metal finishing applications discussed, the resultant data do not suggest that this online monitoring technique is useful at this time, but future work may show this technique to be practical. (jg).
Download or read book Determination of Chromic Acid in Chromium Plating Solutions Using a Redox Titration and Indicator written by Samuel Sopok and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The chemical literature lacks a simple analytical method for adequately controlling chromic acid in chromium plating solutions during the plating process. In this report, a simple method for analyzing and controlling chromic acid during the plating process is presented. The optimum operating range of chromic acid is 240 to 260 g/l and the resulting precisions are in the range of 0 to 2.5 g/l, providing adequate control of these plating solutions supported by five years of testing. Keywords: Chemical analysis, Chromic acid, Chromium plating solutions, Redox titration, Redox indicator. (aw).
Download or read book Determination of Sulfuric Acid in Chromium Plating Solutions Using Gravimetric Analysis written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The determination of sulfuric acid in chromium plating solutions is studied in the presence of chromic acid. Cr(III) ions. and Fe(III) ions. The control of the concentration of these four chemical components is necessary to optimize the chromium plating process. In the absence of expensive chemical instrumentation. a gravimetric method suitable for this industrial application is developed in this report. This method uses chromic acid reduction and sulfate precipitation and is a modified version of the standard sulfate Precipitation analysis since it allows the presence of chromic acid. The optimum operating range of sulfuric acid is 2.40 to 3.10 all. and the resulting precisions are in the range of 0.24 to 0.31 g/1 providing marginal control of these plating solutions supported by seven years of testing.
Download or read book Evaporative recovery of chromium plating rinse waters written by Leonard N. Elicker and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Conductivity of Chromic Acid Solutions written by Edgar Christie Jensen and published by . This book was released on 1929 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Determination of Trivalent Chromium in Chromium Plating Solutions Using a Redox Titration and Indicator written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The chemical literature lacks a simple non-instrumental analytical method to determine and adequately monitor trivalent chromium in chromium plating solutions during the chromium plating process. In this report, a simple method for analyzing and monitoring trivalent chromium during the chromium plating process is presented. The optimum operating range of trivalent chromium is 0 to 7.5 g/1, and the resulting precisions are in the 0 to 1.5-g/1 range, providing adequate monitoring of these plating solutions supported by five years of testing.
Download or read book Chromium Plating written by and published by . This book was released on 1934 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Investigation of Chromium Plating Baths written by William Anthony Rengering and published by . This book was released on 1924 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Chromium Plating written by Paul Morisset and published by . This book was released on 1954 with total page 611 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Graham s Electroplating Engineering Handbook written by L.J. Durney and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1984-11-30 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As an instructor in various finishing courses, I have frequently made the statement over the years that "In the field of metal finishing there is very little black and white, just a great deal of grey. It is the purpose of the instructor to familiarize the student with the beacons that will guide him through this fog. " To a very considerable extent, a handbook such as this serves a similar purpose. It is also subject to similar limitations. Providing all the required information would result in a multi-volume encyclopedia rather than a usable handbook. In the pages that follow, you will therefore find frequent references to other sources where more detailed explanations or information can be found. The present goal is proper guidance and the provision ofthe most frequently required facts, not everything that is available. In the 13 years since the last edition, changes in the finishing industry have been profound but in one sense have resulted in simplifying matters rather than complicating them. Because technology has advanced to a level of complexity rendering "home brew" impracti cal in many cases, dependence on proprietary compounds has become common. Therefore, detailed solution compositions are often no longer significant or even practical. It is thus more important to provide instruction about the factors that affect the choice of the most suitable type of proprietary material.
