Download or read book On the Use of Gamma ray Spectroscopy to Determine Pu Isotopic Abundances in Plutonium Sources written by H. W. Kraner and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Measurement of Plutonium and Uranium Isotopic Abundances by Gamma ray Spectrometry written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The isotopic composition of plutonium and uranium is needed for purposes of sample confirmation, or for interpreting results from calorimeters or neutron-coincidence measurement instruments to determine nuclear material mass. The authors have developed measurement methods and computer codes utilizing high-resolution gamma-ray spectrometry to measure the relative isotopic abundances of plutonium and uranium in various forms nondestructively. The computer codes, known as MGA and MGAU, have unique analysis methodologies that the authors briefly describe in this paper.

Download or read book MGA a Gamma ray Spectrum Analysis Code for Determining Plutonium Isotopic Abundances written by R. Gunnink and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Determination of Plutonium Isotopic Composition by Gamma ray Spectroscopy written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We discuss the general approach, computerized data analysis methods, and results of measurements used to determine the isotopic composition of plutonium by gamma-ray spectroscopy. The simple techniques are designed to be applicable to samples of arbitrary size, geometry, age, chemical, and isotopic composition. The combination of the gamma spectroscopic measurement of isotopic composition coupled with calorimetric measurement of total sample power is shown to give a totally nondestructive determination of sample plutonium mass with a precision of 0.6% for 1000-g samples of PuO2 with 12% 24°Pu content. The precision of isotopic measurements depends upon many factors, including sample size, sample geometry, and isotopic content. Typical ranges are found to be 238Pu, 1 to 10%; 239Pu, 0.1 to 0.5%; 24°Pu, 2 to 5%; 241Pu, 0.3 to 0.7%; 242Pu (determined by isotopic correlation); and 241Am, 0.2 to 10%.

Download or read book Determination of Plutonium Isotopic Abundances by Gamma ray Spectrometry written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Determination of Plutonium Isotopic Ratios by Using Low energy Gamma ray Spectroscopy written by and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A nondestructive gamma-ray technique has been developed to determine plutonium isotopic ratios. The technique is based on the high-intensity, low-energy gamma rays at 43.48, 45.23, 51.63, 59.54, and 64.83 keV for 238Pu, 24°Pu, 239Pu, 241Am, and 241Pu, respectively. The results demonstrate that this technique can accurately measure plutonium samples in a timely manner and in a wide range of masses, isotopic contents, chemical forms, and ages from chemical processing.

Download or read book Multiple Group Analysis MGA written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: MGA calculates relative isotopic abundances of plutonium and other actinides in a sample. The code performs its analysis using data from a gamma-ray spectrum of the sample taken with a germanium detector. This volume describes the structure of the program and the procedures used for measuring samples and analyzing the spectra. It is assumed that the user is familiar with standard practices and equipment used in gamma-ray spectrometry.

Download or read book MGA Multi Group Analysis written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nondestructive measurements of x-ray and gamma-ray emissions can be used to analyze a sample for plutonium. This report describes the methods and algorithms we have developed for analyzing gamma-ray spectra obtained by using a germanium detector system to accurately determine the relative abundances of various actinide isotopes in a sample. Our methodology requires no calibrations and can be used to measure virtually any size and type of plutonium sample. Measurement times can be as short as a few minutes; measurements are frequently accurate to within 1%. Our methods have been programmed into a computerized analysis code called MGA (Multi-Group Analysis). Our current versions can be run on personal computers (IBM type) and on the DEC VAX microcomputer. Spectral analysis times are usually far less than a minute. 28 refs., 26 figs., 1 tab.

Download or read book Mandskoret S nderborg 1921 1931 Festskrift Udgivet i anledning af 10 Aaret for Foreningens Stiftelse written by and published by . This book was released on 1931 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Passive Nondestructive Assay of Nuclear Materials written by Doug Reilly and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 700 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Evaluation of TASTEX Task H written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report describes a computer-based gamma spectrometer system that was developed for measuring isotopic and total plutonium concentrations in nitric acid solutions. The system was installed at the Tokai reprocessing plant where it is undergoing testing and evaluation as part of the Tokai Advanced Safeguards Exercise (TASTEX). Objectives of TASTEX Task H, High-Resolution Gamma Spectrometer for Plutonium Isotopic Analysis, the methods and equipment used, the installation and calibration of the system, and the measurements obtained from several reprocessing campaigns are discussed and described. In general, we find that measurements for gamma spectroscopy agree well with those of mass spectrometry and of other chemical analysis. The system measures both freshly processed plutonium from the product accountability tank and aged plutonium solutions from storage tanks. 14 figures, 15 tables.

Download or read book Gamma ray Isotopic Ratio Measurements for the Plutonium Inventory Verification Program written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Plutonium Inventory Verification Program at Mound Laboratory provides a nondestructive means of assaying bulk plutonium-bearing material. The assay is performed by combining the calorimetrically determined heat output of the sample and the relative abundances of the heat-producing isotopes. This report describes the method used for the nondestructive determination of plutonium-238, -240, -241 and americium-241 relative to plutonium-239 using gamma-ray spectroscopy for 93 percent plutonium-239 material. Comparison of chemical data on aliquots of samples to the nondestructive data shows accuracies of +-7 percent for 238Pu/239Pu, +-15 percent for 24°Pu/239Pu, +- 3 percent for 241Pu/239Pu, and +-7 percent for 241Am/239Pu.

Download or read book Nondestructive Assay of Mixed Uranium plutonium Oxides by Gamma ray Spectrometry written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gamma-ray spectroscopy measurements have been made on mixed uranium and plutonium oxides in sealed containers to determine the uranium and plutonium enrichment and isotopics. Experimental results obtained using two different methods were in good agreement with the known contents. The first method is applicable to thick samples of freshly reprocessed mixed oxide and determines isotopic abundances from measured absolute gamma-ray intensities. Measurement times depend on plutonium enrichment, but for mixed oxide enriched to 12% in plutonium, the fissionable content can be determined to better than 0.5% in 2 h. The second approach utilizes intensity ratios of selected pairs of gamma-rays to determine plutonium enrichment and uranium and plutonium isotopes. This method requires at least 12 h to determine the plutonium enrichment to an accuracy of 0.5%. However, it cannot be applied until the 238U daughter activities in the mixed oxide reach equilibrium, which requires at least 5 months after separation. Preliminary conclusions drawn from these two noninvasive and nondestructive measurement techniques, and recommendations for future experiments are discussed.

Download or read book MGA and Passive Neutron Measurements written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: MGA is a gamma-ray spectrum analysis program for determining relative plutonium isotopic abundances. The isotopic composition of a plutonium sample is needed to calculate 24°Pu{sub eff} that is used to interpret passive neutron coincidence measurements in units of absolute plutonium mass. MGA can determine plutonium isotopic abundances with accuracies better than 1% using a high-resolution, low-energy, planar germanium detector and measurement times ten minutes or less. MGA can include analysis of a second spectrum of the high-energy (300--600 keV) plutonium gamma rays that significantly improves the determination of 24°P{sub eff} in high-burnup plutonium. For the high-energy gamma-ray measurements we have devised a new hardware configuration, so that both the low- and high-energy gamma-ray detectors are mounted in a single cryostat thereby reducing weight and volume of the detector systems. We describe the detector configuration and our experience with it using a combined neutron-gamma measurement system and the two-detector version of MGA. We discuss the sources of uncertainty in the determination of 24°Pu{sub eff} and propose a new correlation for the determination of 242Pu.

Download or read book Aen de ed mog heeren Staten des furstendoms Gelre en graeffschaps Zutphen written by and published by . This book was released on 1706 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book In plant Measurements of Gamma ray Transmissions for Precise K edge and Passive Assay of Plutonium Concentration and Isotopic Abundance in Product Solutions at the Tokai Reprocessing Plant written by and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A field test has been carried out for more than 2 years for determination of plutonium concentration by K-edge absorption densitometry and for determination of plutonium isotopic abundance by transmission-corrected passive gamma-ray spectrometry. This system was designed and built at Los Alamos National Laboratory and installed at the Tokai reprocessing plant of the Power Reactor and Nuclear Fuel Development Corporation as a part of the Tokai Advanced Safeguards Technology Exercise (TASTEX). For K-edge measurement of plutonium concentration, the transmissions at two discrete gamma-ray energies are measured using the 121.1- and 122.1-keV gamma rays from 75Se and 57Co. Intensities of the plutonium passive gamma rays in the energy regions between 38 and 51 keV and between 129 and 153 keV are used for determination of the isotopic abundances. More than 200 product solution samples have been measured in a timely fashion during these 2 years. The relative precisions and accuracies of the plutonium concentration measurement are shown to be within 0.6% (1 sigma) in these applications, and those for plutonium isotopic abundances are within 3% for 238Pu, 0.4% for 239Pu, 1.2% for 24°Pu, 1.3% for 241Pu, and 7% for 242Pu. The time required is 10 min for the concentration assay, 10 min for the isotopics assay, and about 15 min for handling procedures in the laboratory.

Download or read book Precision of Gamma ray Measurements of the Effective Specific Power and Effective 24 Pu Fraction of Plutonium written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper uses gamma-ray spectrometry data from replicate measurements on 40 plutonium-bearing samples to examine the repeatability of the effective 24°Pu fraction (24°Pu{sub eff}) and the effective specific power (P{sub eff}) calculated from the isotopic distribution analyzed with gamma-ray spectrometry codes. The measurements were used to identify the error component arising from repeatability in the determination of the isotopic composition of plutonium in the sample and the contribution of the error component to the uncertainty in total plutonium mass measurements from neutron coincidence counting (24°Pu{sub eff}) and calorimetry (P{sub eff}). The 40 samples had 24°Pu{sub eff} percentages ranging from 2 to 39% and P{sub eff} values ranging from 2 to 16 mW/g Pu. Four different gamma-ray spectrometry codes (FRAM, MGA, Blue Box, and PUJRC) were used to analyze the data (not all samples were analyzed with each code). All analyses showed that the % relative standard deviation of P{sub eff} was smaller than that of 24°Pu{sub eff}. This result coupled with a cursory examination of uncertainties in coincidence counting of well-characterized samples and water-bath calorimetry errors for the same types of samples lead to the conclusion that smaller uncertainties will be present in the total plutonium mass determined by the combination of calorimetry/gamma-ray spectrometry than in the mass determined by coincidence counting/gamma-ray spectrometry. An additional examination of the biases arising from the 24°Pu correlation used in the gamma-ray spectrometry codes also supported this conclusion. 17 refs.