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Book Observation of Neoclassical like Impurity Transport in the Q Less Than Or Equal to 1 Region of the PBX Tokamak

Download or read book Observation of Neoclassical like Impurity Transport in the Q Less Than Or Equal to 1 Region of the PBX Tokamak written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Charge-dependent convective impurity transport is observed in the central core of PBX H-mode discharges by measuring radial profiles for both low- and high-Z intrinsic impurities in the presence of strong sawtooth activity. Transport coefficients are derived by simulating the data with a diffusive/convective transport model which includes an internal disruption model. The time evolving Z/sub eff/ profile and central metallic densities are fitted during the quiescent phase between internal disruptions to yield a diffusion coefficient of D = 1 x 103 cm2/s for all species and an inward convective speed of v = 2.2 x 102 (r/a) cm/s for oxygen and carbon and v = 1.1 x 103 (r/a) cm/s for metals. These transport coefficients are in quantitative agreement with simple cylindrical neoclassical estimates for the region within q less than or equal to 1. 17 refs., 4 figs.

Book Fusion Energy Update

Download or read book Fusion Energy Update written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Government Reports Announcements Index

Download or read book Government Reports Announcements Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 1110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Government reports annual index

Download or read book Government reports annual index written by and published by . This book was released on 199? with total page 864 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book INIS Atomindex

Download or read book INIS Atomindex written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 1190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Physics Briefs

Download or read book Physics Briefs written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 838 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Impurity Transport in Tokamak Plasmas

Download or read book Impurity Transport in Tokamak Plasmas written by Peter Donnel and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Impurity transport is an issue of utmost importance for tokamaks. Indeed high-Z materials are only partially ionized in the plasma core, so that they can lead to prohibitive radiative losses even at low concentrations, and impact dramatically plasma performance and stability. On-axis accumulation of tungsten has been widely observed in tokamaks.While the very core impurity peaking is generally attributed to neoclassical effects, turbulent transport could well dominate in the gradient region at ITER relevant collisionality. Up to recently, first principles simulations of corresponding fluxes were performed with different dedicated codes, implicitly assuming that both transport channels are separable and therefore additive. The validity of this assumption is questionned. Simulations obtained with the gyrokinetic code GYSELA have shown clear evidences of a neoclassical-turbulence synergy for impurity transport and allowed the identification of a mechanism that underly this synergy.An analytical work allows to compute the level and the structure of the axisymmetric part of the electric potential knowing the turbulence intensity. Two mechanisms are found for the generation of poloidal asymmetries of the electric potential: flow compressibility and the ballooning of the turbulence. A new prediction for the neoclassical impurity flux in presence of large poloidal asymmetries and pressure anisotropies has been derived. A fair agreement has been found between the new theoretical prediction for neoclassical impurity flux and the results of a GYSELA simulation displaying large poloidal asymmetries and pressure anisotropies induced by the presence of turbulence.

Book Impurity Transport in Tokamaks

Download or read book Impurity Transport in Tokamaks written by Paul Harding Rutherford and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Models for Impurity Production and Transport in Tokamaks

Download or read book Models for Impurity Production and Transport in Tokamaks written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Models for the edge conditions which are commonly used in tokamak transport codes have been kept simple partly because of a lack of data. A report is presented on an improved model for the particle and energy balance of e−, H1, H1°, H2, H2°, O°, O/sup (1 yields 8)/sup +// in the plasma scrape-off region. Experiments should yield the needed data in the near future, and allow one to test the model. The diffusion of impurities has been studied with a neoclassical model. The role of 'anomalous spreading' of the impurity distribution has been studied for the case of Fe. A model is presented for the expulsion of low-Z (oxygen) impurities for cases where q(0) greater than 1, but in which a large shear-free region is produced in the plasma core.

Book Experimental Tests of Parallel Impurity Transport Theory in Tokamak Plasmas

Download or read book Experimental Tests of Parallel Impurity Transport Theory in Tokamak Plasmas written by Matthew Logan Reinke and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In realistic reactor scenarios, high temperature plasmas will be composed of not only the fusion reactants and products, but also impurities introduced purposefully or unintentionally from plasma facing materials. In tokamaks it is often assumed, sometimes erroneously, that surfaces of constant main ion pressure are also surfaces of constant impurity pressure. Although the same underlying physics determine impurity momentum balance along closed magnetic field lines, the increased mass and charge of high-Z impurities weights terms differently. Their large mass enhances inertial effects like the centrifugal force from toroidal rotation, and( can lead to accumulation of heavy impurities on the outboard side of a flux surface. Their high charge enhances ion-impurity friction and makes impurities sensitive to small poloidal variations in the electrostatic potential. In Alcator C-Mod, 2D (R,Z) measurements of photon emission from high-Z impurities reveal significant variations of impurity density on a flux surface. Poloidal variations, normalized to the flux surface average, I 2/(n ) , have been measured up to ~ 1/3, and separate cases of impurities accumulating on the inboard and outboard side of a flux surface are observed, depending on local plasmas conditions. Experiments demonstrate that these asymmetries are due to a combination of inertia., poloidal electric fields and ion-impurity friction, and measurements are compared to existing neoclassical parallel impurity transport theory. This is the first time centrifugal force has been observed to cause a substantial asymmetry in a plasma with no external momentum input and where the flow is entirely self-generated. Magnetically trapped fast ions, sustained by ion cyclotron waves, create a poloidally varying electrostatic potential which causes high-Z impurities to accumulate on the inboard side. Existing theory is extended to include this effect by incorporating a species that has an anisotropic pressure tensor. Experimental measurements in plasmas where the minority resonance layer is scanned show good qualitative and quantitative agreement with this extended theory. The sensitivity of 51/(nz) to fast-ions demonstrates the opportunity for the impurity asymmetry to be used as a novel diagnostic tool and calls into question prior work on in/out asymmetries in neutral beam heated plasmas. /down asymmetries in the banana regime are unable to be explained by ion/impurity friction in the trace limit, nZZ 2 /n

Book Some Effects of MHD Activity on Impurity Transport in the PBX Tokamak

Download or read book Some Effects of MHD Activity on Impurity Transport in the PBX Tokamak written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Low Z Impurity Transport in Tokamaks Neoclassical Transport Theory

Download or read book Low Z Impurity Transport in Tokamaks Neoclassical Transport Theory written by and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Low Z impurity transport in tokamaks was simulated with a one-dimensional impurity transport model including both neoclassical and anomalous transport. The neoclassical fluxes are due to collisions between the background plasma and impurity ions as well as collisions between the various ionization states. The evaluation of the neoclassical fluxes takes into account the different collisionality regimes of the background plasma and the impurity ions. A limiter scrapeoff model is used to define the boundary conditions for the impurity ions in the plasma periphery. In order to account for the spectroscopic measurements of power radiated by the lower ionization states, fluxes due to anomalous transport are included. The sensitivity of the results to uncertainties in rate coefficients and plasma parameters in the periphery are investigated. The implications of the transport model for spectroscopic evaluation of impurity concentrations, impurity fluxes, and radiated power from line emission measurements are discussed.

Book Impurity Asymmetries in the Pedestal Region of the Alcator C Mod Tokamak

Download or read book Impurity Asymmetries in the Pedestal Region of the Alcator C Mod Tokamak written by Randy Michael Churchill and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In an effort to illuminate the effects of the strong plasma gradients in the pedestal region on impurity transport, research was conducted to measure complete sets of impurity density, poloidal and parallel velocity, and temperature at two separate poloidal locations in the pedestal region of the Alcator C-Mod tokamak. To this end, the diagnostic technique gas puff-CXRS was refined and expanded on, allowing for the first time in a tokamak complete measurements of impurities at the high-field side (HFS). Large in-out B5+ impurity density asymmetries were measured in H-mode plasmas with strong boundary electron density gradients, with a build-up of impurity density at the HFS. Impurity temperatures were also found to be asymmetric in the pedestal region, with larger temperatures at the low-field side (LFS). Such temperature asymmetries suggest a significant asymmetry in electron density near the separatrix. In contrast to these H-mode results, plasmas with low boundary electron density gradients, such as L-mode and I-mode, exhibit constant impurity density on a flux surface, even if strong electron temperature gradients are present. Mechanisms which could drive such poloidal asymmetries are explored. Experiments provide evidence against localized impurity sources and fluctuation-induced transport as primary causes. Particle transport timescales are compared, showing that the radial transport becomes comparable to or faster than the parallel transport in the pedestal region. Additionally, modelling of impurity transport using conventional, one-dimensional neoclassical physics fails to correctly reproduce the measured flux-surface averaged impurity density, suggesting along with the timescale estimates that a more complete two-dimensional treatment of impurity particle transport is required. The measured impurity velocities at the LFS and HFS are compared to the canonical form for particle flow velocity within the flux surface of a tokamak. Within the error bars of the measurement, agreement is found with the canonical form. The implications of exact matches to the canonical form are low radial transport, and the E x B drift dominating the perpendicular impurity flow. Further work is motivated into more precise velocity measurements to determine if the velocities exactly match this canonical form.