Download or read book Nyeformaly written by Li︠u︡dmila Alekseeva and published by Human Rights Watch. This book was released on 1990 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Globalizing Human Rights written by Christian Peterson and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-03-12 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Globalizing Human Rights explores the complexities of the role human rights played in U.S.-Soviet relations during the 1970s and 1980s. It will show how private citizens exploited the larger effects of contemporary globalization and the language of the Final Act to enlist the U.S. government in a global campaign against Soviet/Eastern European human rights violations. A careful examination of this development shows the limitations of existing literature on the Reagan and Carter administrations’ efforts to promote internal reform in USSR. It also reveals how the Carter administration and private citizens, not Western European governments, played the most important role in making the issue of human rights a fundamental aspect of Cold War competition. Even more important, it illustrates how each administration made the support of non-governmental human rights activities an integral element of its overall approach to weakening the international appeal of the USSR. In addition to looking at the behavior of the U.S. government, this work also highlights the limitations of arguments that focus on the inherent weakness of Soviet dissent during the early to mid 1980s. In the case of the USSR, it devotes considerable attention to why Soviet leaders failed to revive the international reputation of their multinational empire in face of consistent human rights critiques. It also documents the crucial role that private citizens played in shaping Mikhail Gorbachev’s efforts to reform Soviet-style socialism.
Download or read book The Helsinki Effect written by Daniel C. Thomas and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2018-06-05 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Human rights norms do matter. Those established by the Helsinki Final Act contributed directly to the demise of communism in the former East bloc, contends Daniel Thomas. This book counters those skeptics who doubt that such international norms substantially affect domestic political change, while explaining why, when, and how they matter most. Thomas argues that the Final Act, signed in 1975, transformed the agenda of East-West relations and provided a common platform around which opposition forces could mobilize. Without downplaying other factors, Thomas shows that the norms established at Helsinki undermined the viability of one-party Communist rule and thereby contributed significantly to the largely peaceful and democratic changes of 1989, as well as the end of the Cold War. Drawing on both governmental and nongovernmental sources, he offers a powerful Constructivist alternative to Realist theory's failure to anticipate or explain these crucial events. This study will fundamentally influence ongoing debates about the politics of international institutions, the socialization of states, the spread of democracy, and, not least, about the balance of factors that felled the Iron Curtain. It casts new light on Solidarity, Charter 77, and other democratic movements in Eastern Europe, the sources of Gorbachev's reforms, the evolution of the European Union, U.S. foreign policy, and East-West relations in the final decades of the Cold War. The Helsinki Effect will be essential reading for scholars and students of international relations, international law, European politics, human rights, and social movements.
Download or read book The Reemergence Of Civil Society In Eastern Europe And The Soviet Union written by Zbigniew Rau and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-06-26 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The turmoil that shook Eastern Europe in the late 1980s and challenged traditional centers of power in the Soviet Union has touched off an intense debate about the forces behind the recent collapse of Soviet-type systems. Civil society, a key concept in the debate, is the focus of this thought-provoking volume, which contrasts the views of Eastern scholars and activists in independent movements against those of Western academics. The authors' various perspectives on the struggle between the people and their governments highlight different facets of civil society, providing new insights into its definition, origin, and function within a nation's public life.
Download or read book The Russian Quest for Peace and Democracy written by Metta Spencer and published by Lexington Books. This book was released on 2012-07-10 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In The Russian Quest for Peace and Democracy, Metta Spencer recounts the political and military changes that have occurred in Russia up to mid-2010. Using hundreds of interviews she conducted with officials, dissidents, and liberal intellectuals, she describes the various groups, forces, and individuals that worked to liberalize the totalitarian Soviet Union and its fellow nations behind the Iron Curtain, and which ultimately brought about the dissolution of those repressive governments. Spencer identifies four political orientations to describe Soviet society: 'Sheep,' ordinary citizens who accepted the undemocratic regime they lived in without challenging it; 'Dinosaurs,' hard-line Communist officials; 'Termites,' including Mikhail Gorbachev and his advisers and government; and 'Barking Dogs,' a few hundred dissidents who made 'a lot of noise' protesting, hoping to awaken a grass-roots demand for democracy. The strange rivalry between the Termites and Barking Dogs would ultimately doom perestroika. Spencer's research dispels the widely-held perception that US President Ronald Reagan 'won' the Cold War by standing firm until the Soviet Union 'blinked first.' There are vitally important lessons to be learned from the Soviet period, about how to assist citizens of totalitarian and authoritarian regimes around the world. The irony is that transnational civil society organizations, major sources of the progress in Soviet Russia, are still needed today in authoritarian Russia, under Vladimir Putin and Dmitry Medvedev, for totalitarianism remains a potential social trap. In The Russian Quest for Peace and Democracy, Metta Spencer suggests new ways of building urgently-needed social capital in today's Russia, where democracy has yet to flourish.
Download or read book The Road to Post Communism written by Geoffrey A. Hosking and published by Burns & Oates. This book was released on 1992 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Considers the growth of independent political movements on the ground since 1985 to the present day in the former Soviet Union. The text shows how these movements grew and became a factor in Soviet politics and what role they play in the development of civil society as is known to true democracies.
Download or read book The Soviet System written by Alexander Dallin and published by Westview Press. This book was released on 1995 with total page 756 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Published originally as "The Soviet System in Crisis - a Reader of Western and Soviet Views", this revised edition offers a discussion of the transformation of communism under Gorbachev and the eventual collapse of the Soviet Union. A wide variety of views is represented.
Download or read book Human Rights written by Arthur V. Carrington and published by Nova Biomedical Books. This book was released on 2000 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To the consternation of the haves, some humans continue to insist that they are entitled to live as humans. While it is perhaps a question of philosophy what constitutes a human right, it is more clear what constitutes an abuse of human rights. The world has never been short on abusers and is surely not now. Only the names and faces have changed over time. The powerful tend to be the abusers and the weak the abused. Being aware of the abuses can at least focus light on them and perhaps serve as a proactive response. This bibliography presents hundreds of citations of human right violations under the categories: Basic Human Rights; North America; Latin America; Europe; Asia; Middle East and Africa. Access is provided via Title, Author and Subject Indexes.
Download or read book The Gulag Survivor written by Nanci Adler and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-09-04 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Even before its dissolution in 1991, the Soviet Union was engaged in an ambivalent struggle to come to terms with its violent and repressive history. Following the death of Stalin in 1953, entrenched officials attempted to distance themselves from the late dictator without questioning the underlying legitimacy of the Soviet system. At the same time, the Gulag victims to society opened questions about the nature, reality, and mentality of the system that remain contentious to this day.The Gulag Survivor is the first book to examine at length and in-depth the post-camp experience of Stalin's victims and their fate in post-Soviet Russia. As such, it is an essential companion to the classic work of Alexander Solzhenitsyn. Based on extensive interviews, memoirs, official records, and recently opened archives, The Gulag Survivor describes what survivors experienced when they returned to society, how officials helped or hindered them, and how issues surrounding the existence of the returnees evolved from the fifties up to the present.Adler establishes the social and historical context of the first wave of returnees who were ""liberated"" into exile in Stalin's time. She reviews diverse aspects of return including camp culture, family reunion, and the psychological consequences of the Gulag. Adler then focuses on the enduring belief in the Communist Party among some survivors and the association between returnees and the growing dissident movement. She concludes by examining how issues surrounding the survivors reemerged in the eighties and nineties and the impact they had on the failing Soviet system. Written and researched while Russian archives were most available and while there were still survivors to tell their stories, The Gulag Survivor is a groundbreaking and essential work in modern Russian history. It will be read by historians, political scientists, Slavic scholars, and sociologists.
Download or read book Moscow written by Timothy J. Colton and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 1995 with total page 968 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Linchpin of the Soviet system and exemplar of its ideology, Moscow was nonetheless instrumental in the Soviet Union's demise. It was in this metropolis of nine million people that Boris Yeltsin, during two frustrating years as the city's party boss, began his move away from Communist orthodoxy. Colton charts the general course of events that led to this move, tracing the political and social developments that have given the city its modern character. He shows how the monolith of Soviet power broke down in the process of metropolitan governance, where the constraints of censorship and party oversight could not keep up with proliferating points of view, haphazard integration, and recurrent deviation from approved rules and goals. Everything that goes into making a city - from town planning, housing, and retail services to environmental and architectural concernsfigures in Colton's account of what makes Moscow unique. He shows us how these aspects of the city's organization, and the actions of leaders and elite groups within them, coordinated or conflicted with the overall power structure and policy imperatives of the Soviet Union. Against this background, Colton explores the growth of the anti-Communist revolution in Moscow politics, as well as fledgling attempts to establish democratic institutions and a market economy.
Download or read book HUMAN RIGHTS WATCH WORLD REPORT 1990 An Annual Review of Developments and the Bush Administration s Policy on Human Rights Worlwide January 1991 written by and published by Human Rights Watch. This book was released on with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Radical Media written by John D. H. Downing and published by SAGE Publications. This book was released on 2000-08-18 with total page 441 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is an entirely new edition of the author's 1984 study (originally published by South End Press) of radical media and movements. The first and second sections are original to this new edition. The first section explores social and cultural theory in order to argue that radical media should be a central part of our understanding of media in history. The second section weaves an historical and international tapestry of radical media to illustrate their centrality and diversity, from dance and graffiti to video and the internet and from satirical prints and street theatre to culture-jamming, subversive song, performance art and underground radio. The section also includes consideration of ultra-rightist media as a key contrast case. The book's third section provides detailed case studies of the anti-fascist media explosion of 1974-75 in Portugal, Italy's long-running radical media, radio and access video in the USA, and illegal media in the dissolution of the former Soviet bloc dictatorships.
Download or read book Cultural Studies in Question written by Marjorie Ferguson and published by SAGE. This book was released on 1997-04-28 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This major text offers a critical reappraisal of the contemporary practice of cultural studies. It focuses in particular on the contribution of cultural studies to the understanding of media, communications and popular cultures in contemporary societies. The contributors, an outstanding group of internationally acclaimed scholars, examine topics such as: the different strands of cultural studies and how they are developed; whether cultural studies is a coherent discipline; tensions and debates within cultural studies; alternative or related approaches to contemporary media and society; and the movement by cultural studies revisionists towards more empirical and sociological modes of analysis.
Download or read book The Demise of Marxism Leninism in Russia written by A. Brown and published by Springer. This book was released on 2004-08-31 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In The Demise of Marxism-Leninism in Russia , distinguished specialists chart the rise of new thinking on the Soviet system and the decline and fall of Marxism-Leninism in the late Soviet period. They also discuss the failure of Marxism-Leninism to make a comeback in post-Soviet Russia. This book makes a significant contribution to understanding the independent importance of ideas in politics and provides clear analyses of the rise of liberal and social democratic thought about the political system, the economy, international Communism, nationalism and federalism.
Download or read book Yugoslavia Crisis in Kosovo written by Kenneth Anderson and published by Human Rights Watch. This book was released on 1990 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Human rights monitors in Kosovo.
Download or read book Why Control Immigration written by Caress Schenk and published by University of Toronto Press. This book was released on 2018-03-01 with total page 391 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Migration management in Russia is a window into how public policy, the federal system, and patronage are used to manage conflicting demands. This multi-level balancing act demonstrates the importance of high-level politics, institutional interests and constraints, and the conditions under which government actors at all levels can pursue their own interests as the state seeks political equilibrium. Why Control Immigration? argues that a scarcity of legal labour and the ensuing growth of illegal immigration can act as a patronage resource for bureaucratic and regional elites. Assessing the legal and political context of migration, Caress Schenk blends a political science approach with insights from the comparative immigration literature. Using this framework, she also engages with attitudes on populism and anti-immigration, particularly in terms of how political leaders utilize and employ public opinion in Russia.
Download or read book Kyrgyzstan written by Gwenn Hofmann and published by IFES. This book was released on 1995-03 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
