Download or read book Numerical Simulation of Wind Turbines written by Alessandro Bianchini and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2021-09-10 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book contains the research contributions belonging to the Special Issue "Numerical Simulation of Wind Turbines", published in 2020-2021. They consist of 15 original research papers and 1 editorial. Different topics are discussed, from innovative design solutions for large and small wind turbine to control, from advanced simulation techniques to noise prediction. The variety of methods used in the research contributions testifies the need for a holistic approach to the design and simulation of modern wind turbines and will be able to stimulate the interest of the wind energy community.

Download or read book Numerical Simulation of Wind Farm Control written by Chengyu Wang and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Numerical Simulation of Wind Turbines written by Giovanni Ferrara and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book contains the research contributions belonging to the Special Issue "Numerical Simulation of Wind Turbines", published in 2020-2021. They consist of 15 original research papers and 1 editorial. Different topics are discussed, from innovative design solutions for large and small wind turbine to control, from advanced simulation techniques to noise prediction. The variety of methods used in the research contributions testifies the need for a holistic approach to the design and simulation of modern wind turbines and will be able to stimulate the interest of the wind energy community.

Download or read book Decision and Control in Hybrid Wind Farms written by Harsh S. Dhiman and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-09-28 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on two of the most important aspects of wind farm operation: decisions and control. The first part of the book deals with decision-making processes, and explains that hybrid wind farm operation is governed by a set of alternatives that the wind farm operator must choose from in order to achieve optimal delivery of wind power to the utility grid. This decision-making is accompanied by accurate forecasts of wind speed, which must be known beforehand. Errors in wind forecasting can be compensated for by pumping power from a reserve capacity to the grid using a battery energy storage system (BESS). Alternatives based on penalty cost are assessed using certain criteria, and MCDM methods are used to evaluate the best choice. Further, considering the randomness in the dynamic phenomenon in wind farms, a fuzzy MCDM approach is applied during the decision-making process to evaluate the best alternative for hybrid wind farm operation. Case studies from wind farms in the USA are presented, together with numerical solutions to the problem. In turn, the second part deals with the control aspect, and especially with yaw angle control, which facilitates power maximization at wind farms. A novel transfer function-based methodology is presented that controls the wake center of the upstream turbine(s); lidar-based numerical simulation is carried out for wind farm layouts; and an adaptive control strategy is implemented to achieve the desired yaw angle for upstream turbines. The proposed methodology is tested for two wind farm layouts. Wake management is also implemented for hybrid wind farms where BESS life enhancement is studied. The effect of yaw angle on the operational cost of BESS is assessed, and case studies for wind farm datasets from the USA and Denmark are discussed. Overall, the book provides a comprehensive guide to decision and control aspects for hybrid wind farms, which are particularly important from an industrial standpoint.

Download or read book Fundamentals of Wind Farm Aerodynamic Layout Design written by Farschad Torabi and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2022-01-20 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fundamentals of Wind Farm Aerodynamic Layout Design, Volume Four provides readers with effective wind farm design and layout guidance through algorithm optimization, going beyond other references and general approaches in literature. Focusing on interactions of wake models, designers can combine numerical schemes presented in this book which also considers wake models’ effects and problems on layout optimization in order to simulate and enhance wind farm designs. Covering the aerodynamic modeling and simulation of wind farms, the book's authors include experimental tests supporting modeling simulations and tutorials on the simulation of wind turbines. In addition, the book includes a CFD technique designed to be more computationally efficient than currently available techniques, making this book ideal for industrial engineers in the wind industry who need to produce an accurate simulation within limited timeframes. Features novel CFD modeling Offers global case studies for turbine wind farm layouts Includes tutorials on simulation of wind turbine using OpenFoam

Download or read book Numerical Simulation of a Wind Farm written by R. Ganesh Rajagopalan and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Numerical Computation of Wind Turbine Flows and Fluid Problem by OpenFOAM and ANSYS written by Yi-Ching Wang and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wind energy is the mainstream source of clean and renewable energy and it is also the fastest-growing source of sustainable energy in the world. In the Global Wind Energy Council's report in 2014, wind industry grew 44% worldwide. In order to optimize the efficiency of wind farms, it is important to observe wake interactions among wind turbines. Computational mathematics and mechanics provide fundamental methods and tools for simulating physical processes. Numerical computation can offer important insights and data that are either difficult or expensive to measure or to perform tests experimentally. In this dissertation, we use Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software OpenFOAM and ANSYS FLUENT to simulate the wake effect of Horizontal Axis Wind Turbines (HAWT) and related problems. Numerical simulation can also help us comprehend and control man-made disasters. Air craft crashworthiness and human survivability are of utmost concerns in any emergency landing situation. Motivated by the air incidents lately, the disappearance of Malaysia Airlines Flight MH370 in March 2014 and Germanwings Flight 9525 crash in March 2015, we use Computational Structural Dynamics (CSD) software ANSYS Explicit Dynamics and LS-DYNA to try different numerical simulations of Airbus A320 crashing into a wall and compare the results to the reality. We calculate three CFD problems in this dissertation: lid-driven problems, one turbine wake problem, and two serial turbines wake problem. We simulate a lid-driven flow in both two- (2D) and three-dimension (3D) to compare the simulation capability of the three turbulence modelings, i.e., Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS), Large Eddy Simulation (LES), and Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes Equations Simulation (RANS) by OpenFOAM. Among these three turbulence models, we can find that LES is capable of capturing more details of turbulence flow. We simulate the airflow effect of one wind turbine with both fixed angular velocity and wind-driven case, run benchmark tests based on NRELs reports, and compare the numerical results under the same condition by OpenFOAM and FLUENT. For the fixed angular velocity case, we use wind speed 8 m/s and angular velocity of the wind turbine 75 deg/s. For the wind-driven case, we use wind speed 8 m/s and 16 m/s and the angular velocity of the wind turbine calculated by FLUENT converges faster than OpenFOAM case. We simulate the interactions of wake flow for two serial wind turbines by FLUENT. We use wind speed 8 m/s and angular velocity of the wind turbine 75 deg/s. The wake of former turbine affects the rear one and the diffusion of flow caused by two turbines can be seen clearly. For both one and two serial turbines problems, the turbulence model RANS [lowercase kappa][lowercase epsilon] is used. We calculate and simulate Airbus A320 crashing into a wall by ANSYS Explicit Dynamics and LS-DYNA. For ANSYS Explicit Dynamics, we use the angle of approach 0°, 15°, and 30°. For LS-DYNA, we only test the pitch angles 0°. For all cases, we use the speed of aircarft 200 m/s. The deformation of both aircraft and wall can be seen clearly. The electronic version of this dissertation is accessible from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/155665

Download or read book Numerical Simulation of Local Climatic Impact of an Operating Wind Turbine written by Yuan Yang and published by Open Dissertation Press. This book was released on 2017-01-26 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation, "Numerical Simulation of Local Climatic Impact of an Operating Wind Turbine" by Yuan, Yang, 杨源, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: Wind energy is commonly considered to be a clean and environmentally friendly renewable energy resource, as they do not pollute our atmosphere with greenhouse gas, nor do they cause any radioactive problems compared to nuclear energy. However, there are still some environmental impacts due to the installation and operation of the wind turbines that cannot be ignored, such as noise, visual and climatic impact. Especially, the observed local climate change in some wind farm areas has attracted general concern in recent years. Experts suspected that long time operation of wind turbines in an area can cause changes to local precipitation, evaporation of the water on earth surface, and even affect the frequency of drought happening. Nevertheless, we still cannot figure out whether these changes would be caused by wind turbines or not. The target of this study is to investigate the potential local impact of an operating wind turbine by numerical simulation. Because of the big geometric size of commercial wind turbines, experimental method is very limited in this type of study. Numerical simulation using CFD is considered to be a suitable approach and commercial software "FLUENT" is utilized in this study. Firstly, an accurate 3-D numerical wind turbine model was established and the frozen blade method was used to realize the rotation of the wind blades. Before further simulation, a wind-tunnel test has been undertaken by using a scaled physical wind turbine model for validation purpose. The experimental results show good agreement with those predicted by the numerical simulation. This suggested that the computation results were validated and the computational model can be used for further study. In this research, three wind turbine cases, with different typical ambient temperature and surface temperature, were simulated. Characters like wake structure, turbulence intensity and local temperature change was collected and analyzed in each simulated case. The results show that the operating wind turbine can bring obvious velocity deficit in the wake and a strong turbulence intensity enhancement was observed at the top tip because of the rotation. Also, local temperature change was found in the near wake region. The investigation of the local impact of the operating wind turbine is very significant. This study provides a valuable insight into the potential impacts of wind farms on local meteorology, which is rarely studied before. Meanwhile, a more comprehensive study on the effect of a wind farm on the environment is highly recommended. DOI: 10.5353/th_b5016282 Subjects: Wind turbines - Environmental aspects

Download or read book Advances in Wind Power written by Rupp Carriveau and published by IntechOpen. This book was released on 2012-11-21 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Today's wind energy industry is at a crossroads. Global economic instability has threatened or eliminated many financial incentives that have been important to the development of specific markets. Now more than ever, this essential element of the world energy mosaic will require innovative research and strategic collaborations to bolster the industry as it moves forward. This text details topics fundamental to the efficient operation of modern commercial farms and highlights advanced research that will enable next-generation wind energy technologies. The book is organized into three sections, Inflow and Wake Influences on Turbine Performance, Turbine Structural Response, and Power Conversion, Control and Integration. In addition to fundamental concepts, the reader will be exposed to comprehensive treatments of topics like wake dynamics, analysis of complex turbine blades, and power electronics in small-scale wind turbine systems.

Download or read book Wind Energy Generation Modelling and Control written by Olimpo Anaya-Lara and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-08-24 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: WIND ENERGY GENERATION WIND ENERGY GENERATION MODELLING AND CONTROL With increasing concern over climate change and the security of energy supplies, wind power is emerging as an important source of electrical energy throughout the world. Modern wind turbines use advanced power electronics to provide efficient generator control and to ensure compatible operation with the power system. Wind Energy Generation describes the fundamental principles and modelling of the electrical generator and power electronic systems used in large wind turbines. It also discusses how they interact with the power system and the influence of wind turbines on power system operation and stability. Key features: Includes a comprehensive account of power electronic equipment used in wind turbines and for their grid connection. Describes enabling technologies which facilitate the connection of large-scale onshore and offshore wind farms. Provides detailed modelling and control of wind turbine systems. Shows a number of simulations and case studies which explain the dynamic interaction between wind power and conventional generation.

Download or read book Modeling and Modern Control of Wind Power written by Qiuwei Wu and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-02-05 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An essential reference to the modeling techniques of wind turbine systems for the application of advanced control methods This book covers the modeling of wind power and application of modern control methods to the wind power control—specifically the models of type 3 and type 4 wind turbines. The modeling aspects will help readers to streamline the wind turbine and wind power plant modeling, and reduce the burden of power system simulations to investigate the impact of wind power on power systems. The use of modern control methods will help technology development, especially from the perspective of manufactures. Chapter coverage includes: status of wind power development, grid code requirements for wind power integration; modeling and control of doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) wind turbine generator (WTG); optimal control strategy for load reduction of full scale converter (FSC) WTG; clustering based WTG model linearization; adaptive control of wind turbines for maximum power point tracking (MPPT); distributed model predictive active power control of wind power plants and energy storage systems; model predictive voltage control of wind power plants; control of wind power plant clusters; and fault ride-through capability enhancement of VSC HVDC connected offshore wind power plants. Modeling and Modern Control of Wind Power also features tables, illustrations, case studies, and an appendix showing a selection of typical test systems and the code of adaptive and distributed model predictive control. Analyzes the developments in control methods for wind turbines (focusing on type 3 and type 4 wind turbines) Provides an overview of the latest changes in grid code requirements for wind power integration Reviews the operation characteristics of the FSC and DFIG WTG Presents production efficiency improvement of WTG under uncertainties and disturbances with adaptive control Deals with model predictive active and reactive power control of wind power plants Describes enhanced control of VSC HVDC connected offshore wind power plants Modeling and Modern Control of Wind Power is ideal for PhD students and researchers studying the field, but is also highly beneficial to engineers and transmission system operators (TSOs), wind turbine manufacturers, and consulting companies.

Download or read book Analysis of Model free Control of Wind Farms Using Large eddy Simulations written by Umberto Ciri and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wind farms are clusters of wind turbines deployed over a relatively small area. During operations, the wake from upstream turbines may impinge on trailing turbines causing a decrease in power production. Wind farm control strategies aim at mitigating the effect of wake interactions. In this dissertation, model-free control strategies for wind farm power maximization have been evaluated using numerical simulations of the flow through wind farms. A model-free approach does not require a priori assumptions on the physical system, but learns on-line the system dynamics, avoiding modeling uncertainties. The control strategies are based on extremum-seeking control (ESC), a real-time gradient-based optimization algorithm. Either the turbine generator torque or the rotor yaw angle is used as the control parameter tuned by ESC to optimize the wind farm power production. The generator torque adjusts the turbine angular speed and the momentum deficit in the trailing wake, while the yaw angle serves to vary the direction of the wake and avoid trailing turbines. We first consider several implementations of ESC and assess their performances and practical feasibility. Both torque- and yaw-based ESC enhance power production, but the latter has a larger margin for improvement. For idealised turbine arrays, ESC achieves a potential power improvement of at least 7–8% compared to operations with design settings for an isolated turbine. After this calibration, we perform an optimization study for a real wind farm and obtain a quantitative evaluation of the impact of the control strategy in annual energy production. Large-eddy simulations with rotating actuator disk are used, in the first place, to provide a virtual wind farm to test the control algorithms. Additionally, the numerical data are investigated to gain a physical insight on the mechanisms underlying the performance improvement and broaden the impact of the optimization.

Download or read book Numerical Simulations of the Impact of Large Wind Farms on Local Climate written by Yogesh Rao Kadiyala and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Due to decrease in fossil fuel levels, the world is shifting focus towards renewable sources of energy. With an annual average growth rate of 25%, wind is one of the foremost source of harnessing cleaner energy for production of electricity. Wind turbines have been developed to tap power from wind. As a single wind turbine is insufficient, multiple turbines are installed forming a wind farm. Generally, wind farms can have hundreds to thousands of turbines concentrated in a small region. There have been multiple studies centering the influence of weather on such wind farms, but no substantial research focused on how wind farms effect local climate. Technological advances have allowed development of commercial wind turbines with a power output greater than 7.58 MW. This has led to a reduction in required number of turbines and has optimized land usage. Hence, current research considers higher power density compared to previous works that relied on wind farm density of 2 to 4 W/m 2 . Simulations were performed using Weather Research and Forecasting software provided by NCAR. The region of simulation is Southern Oregon, with domains including both onshore and offshore wind farms. Unlike most previous works, where wind farms were considered to be on a flat ground, effects of topography have also been considered here. Study of seasonal effects over wind farms has provided better insight into changes in local wind direction. Analysis of mean velocity difference across wind farms at a height of 10m and 150m gives an understanding of wind velocity profiles. Results presented in this research tends to contradict earlier belief that velocity reduces throughout the farm. Large scale simulations have shown that sometimes, more than 50% of the farm can have an increased wind velocity of up to 1m/sat an altitude of 10m.

Download or read book Data driven Cooperative Control for Wind Farm Power Maximization written by Jinkyoo Park and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Among the various renewable energy sources, wind power has proven effective for large-scale energy production. To increase wind power production, it is essential not only to increase the number of wind farms but also to operate them efficiently. Conventionally, for a given wind condition, each individual wind turbine maximizes its own power production without taking into consideration the conditions of other wind turbines. Under this greedy control strategy, the wake formed by the upstream wind turbine, resulting in reduced wind speed and increased turbulence intensity inside the wake, would affect and lower the power production of downstream wind turbines. This thesis investigates a cooperative wind farm control approach to optimally coordinate the control actions (i.e., the operational conditions) of the wind turbines. The optimally coordinated control actions minimize the wake interference among the wind turbines and would therefore increase the total wind farm power production. To determine the optimum coordinated control actions, two methods are discussed in this thesis. First, the optimum coordinated control actions for wind turbines are determined using an analytical approach by employing mathematical optimization. In this approach, the total wind farm power is expressed as a function of the control actions of all the wind turbines. The wind farm power function is then maximized using sequential quadratic programming to determine the optimum coordinated control actions for the wind turbines. The effectiveness of the cooperative control strategy is studied using an example wind farm site and available wind data. For the second approach, the optimum coordinated control actions of the wind turbines are derived using the input (control actions of wind turbines) and output (wind farm power) data of a target wind farm. For real-time, data-driven wind farm control, an optimization algorithm should be able to improve target wind farm power production by executing as few trial actions as possible using the wind farm power monitoring data. To achieve this goal, a Bayesian Ascent (BA) algorithm is developed by incorporating into the Bayesian Optimization framework a trust region strategy that regulates the search domain. Numerical simulations using the wind farm power function show that the BA algorithm can be as effective as the analytical approach. Wind tunnel experiments with scaled wind turbines are conducted to further demonstrate the effectiveness of the data-driven BA algorithm for real-time control. Experimental results show that the BA algorithm can achieve a monotonic increase in the total wind farm power production using a small number of trial actions and demonstrate the potential of the BA algorithm for the real-time wind farm control problem.

Download or read book Performance Numerical Simulation of a Wind Turbine with Variable Pitch Blades written by 鄭伊庭 and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 147 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Modelling and Numerical Simulation of Wind Turbine Performance in Rainy Conditions Using a Multiphase Flow Approach written by Ming Cai and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Modeling and Control Aspects of Wind Power Systems written by S. M. Muyeen and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2013-03-20 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers the recent development and progress of the wind energy conversion system. The chapters are contributed by prominent researchers in the field of wind energy and cover grid integration issues, modern control theories applied in wind energy conversion system, and dynamic and transient stability studies. Modeling and control strategies of different variable speed wind generators such as switched reluctance generator, permanent magnet synchronous generator, doubly-fed induction generator, including the suitable power electronic converter topologies for grid integration, are discussed. Real time control study of wind farm using Real Time Digital Simulator (RTDS) is also included in the book, along with Fault ride through, street light application, integrated power flow solutions, direct power control, wireless coded deadbeat power control, and other interesting topics.