Download or read book Nuclear Resonance Fluorescence and Isotopic Mapping of Containers written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: National security programs have expressed interest in developing systems to isotopically map shipping containers, fuel assemblies, and waste barrels for various materials including special nuclear material (SNM). Current radiographic systems offer little more than an ambiguous density silhouette of a container's contents. In this paper we will present a system being developed at LLNL to isotopically map containers using the nuclear resonance fluorescence (NRF) method. Recent experimental measurements on NRF strengths in SNM are discussed.
Download or read book Using Nuclear Resonance Fluorescence for Nondestructive Isotopic Analysis written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nuclear resonance fluorescence (NRF) has been studied as one of the nondestructive analysis (NDA) techniques currently being investigated by a multi-laboratory collaboration for the determination of Pu mass in spent fuel. In NRF measurements specific isotopes are identified by their characteristic lines in recorded gamma spectra. The concentration of an isotope in a material can be determined from measured NRF signal intensities if NRF cross sections and assay geometries are known. The potential of NRF to quantify isotopic content and Pu mass in spent fuel has been studied. The addition of NRF data to MCNPX and an improved treatment of the elastic photon scattering at backward angles has enabled us to more accurately simulate NRF measurements on spent fuel assemblies. Using assembly models from the spent fuel assembly library generated at LANL, NRF measurements are simulated to find the best measurement configurations, and to determine measurement sensitivities and times, and photon source and gamma detector requirements. A first proof-of-principal measurement on a mock-up assembly with a bremsstrahlung photon source demonstrated isotopic sensitivity to approximately 1% limited by counting statistics. Data collection rates are likely a limiting factor of NRF-based measurements of fuel assemblies but new technological advances may lead to drastic improvements.
Download or read book Nondestructive Spent Fuel Assay Using Nuclear Resonance Fluorescence written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Quantifying the isotopic composition of spent fuel is an important challenge and essential for many nuclear safeguards applications, such as independent verification of the Pu content declared by a regulated facility, shipper/receiver measurements, and quantifying isotopic input masses at a reprocessing facility. As part of the Next Generation Safeguards Initiative, NA-241 has recently funded a multilab/university collaboration to investigate a variety of nondestructive methods for determining the elemental Pu mass in spent fuel assemblies. Nuclear resonance fluorescence (NRF) is one of the methods being investigated. First modeling studies have been performed to investigate the feasibility of assaying a single fuel pin using a bremsstrahlung photon source. MCNPX modeling results indicate that NRF signals are significantly more intense than the background due to scattered interrogation photons even for isotopes with concentrations below 1percent. However, the studies revealed that the dominant contribution to the background is elastic scattering, which is currently not simulated by MCNPX. Critical to this effort, we have added existing NRF data to the MCNPX photonuclear data files and are now able to incorporate NRF physics into MCNPX simulations. Addition of the non-resonant elastic scattering data to MCNPX is in progress. Assaying fuel assemblies with NRF poses additional challenges: photon penetration through the assembly is small and the spent fuel radioactive decay and neutron activity lead to significantly higher backgrounds. First modeling studies to evaluate the efficacy of NRF for assaying assemblies have been initiated using the spent fuel assembly library created at the Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL).
Download or read book Application of Accelerators in Research and Industry written by Floyd D. McDaniel and published by AIP Conference Proceedings / A. This book was released on 2009-04-03 with total page 1086 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: All papers have been peer-reviewed. The conference brings together scientists and physicians from universities, national laboratories, research institutes and industry worldwide who use particle accelerators in their research, medical and industrial applications. The topics presented at the conference included accelerator technology and applications, atomic/nuclear physics, national and homeland security, ion beam analysis/modifications, medical applications/radioisotopes, radiation effects, teaching with accelerators, nano-scale fabrication, focused ion beams and PIXE.
Download or read book Active Interrogation in Nuclear Security written by Igor Jovanovic and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-06-07 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume constitutes the state-of-the-art in active interrogation, widely recognized as indispensable methods for addressing current and future nuclear security needs. Written by a leading group of science and technology experts, this comprehensive reference presents technologies and systems in the context of the fundamental physics challenges and practical requirements. It compares the features, limitations, technologies, and impact of passive and active measurement techniques; describes radiation sources for active interrogation including electron and ion accelerators, intense lasers, and radioisotope-based sources; and it describes radiation detectors used for active interrogation. Entire chapters are devoted to data acquisition and processing systems, modeling and simulation, data interpretation and algorithms, and a survey of working active measurement systems. Active Interrogation in Nuclear Security is structured to appeal to a range of audiences, including graduate students, active researchers in the field, and policy analysts. The first book devoted entirely to active interrogation Presents a focused review of the relevant physics Surveys available technology Analyzes scientific and technology trends Provides historical and policy context Igor Jovanovic is a Professor of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Sciences at the University of Michigan and has previously also taught at Penn State University and Purdue University. He received his Ph.D. from University of California, Berkeley and worked as physicist at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. Dr. Jovanovic has made numerous contributions to the science and technology of radiation detection, as well as the radiation sources for use in active interrogation in nuclear security. He has taught numerous undergraduate and graduate courses in areas that include radiation detection, nuclear physics, and nuclear security. At University of Michigan Dr. Jovanovic is the director of Neutron Science Laboratory and is also associated with the Center for Ultrafast Optical Science. Anna Erickson is an Assistant Professor in the Nuclear and Radiological Engineering Program of the G.W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering at Georgia Institute of Technology. Previously, she was a postdoctoral researcher in the Advanced Detectors Group at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. Dr. Erickson received her PhD from Massachusetts Institute of Technology with a focus on radiation detection for active interrogation applications. Her research interests focus on nuclear non-proliferation including antineutrino analysis and non-traditional detector design and characterization. She teaches courses in advanced experimental detection for reactor and nuclear nonproliferation applications, radiation dosimetry and fast reactor analysis.
Download or read book Transmission Nuclear Resonance Fluorescence Measurements of 238U in Thick Targets written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Transmission nuclear resonance fluorescence measurements were made on targets consisting of Pb and depleted U with total areal densities near 86 g/cm2. The 238U content n the targets varied from 0 to 8.5percent (atom fraction). The experiment demonstrates the capability of using transmission measurements as a non-destructive technique to identify and quantify the presence of an isotope in samples with thicknesses comparable to he average thickness of a nuclear fuel assembly. The experimental data also appear to demonstrate the process of notch refilling with a predictable intensity. Comparison of measured spectra to previous backscatter 238U measurements indicates general agreement in observed excited states. Two new 238U excited states and possibly a third state have also been observed.
Download or read book Nuclear Science Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 948 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 1572 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book NBS Special Publication written by and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 684 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Department of Homeland Security Appropriations for 2018 Oversight of the Federal Emergency Management Agency written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Homeland Security and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 1768 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Publications written by United States. National Bureau of Standards and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 684 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Publications of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Catalog written by National Institute of Standards and Technology (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 680 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Department of Homeland Security Appropriations for 2017 written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Homeland Security and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 1540 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Publications of the National Bureau of Standards Catalog written by United States. National Bureau of Standards and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 686 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Handbook of Nuclear Applications in Humans Lives written by Farshid Tabbakh and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2019-12-10 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Without using nuclear technology, today’s societies would not be as developed as they are. Increasing public knowledge about the countless advantages of this technology not only improves people’s health, but also it significantly provides economic growth for the whole society. This handbook provides a full, comprehensive introduction to the applications of nuclear technology. It details the usage of nuclear technology in every aspect of life, including in various different industries, medicine and health, art and cultural heritage, and security and forensics.
Download or read book Alpha Beta and Gamma Ray Spectroscopy written by K. Siegbahn and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 915 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Alpha-, Beta- and Gamma-Ray Spectroscopy Volume 1 offers a comprehensive account of radioactivity and related low-energy phenomena. It summarizes progress in the field of alpha-, beta- and gamma-ray spectroscopy, including the discovery of the non-conservation of parity, as well as new experimental methods that elucidate the processes of weak interactions in general and beta-decay in particular. Comprised of 14 chapters, the book presents experimental methods and theoretical discussions and calculations to maintain the link between experiment and theory. It begins with a discussion of the interaction of electrons and alpha particles with matter. The book explains the elastic scattering of electrons by atomic nuclei and the interaction between gamma-radiation and matter. It then introduces topic on beta-ray spectrometer theory and design and crystal diffraction spectroscopy of nuclear gamma rays. Moreover, the book discusses the applications of the scintillation counter; proportional counting in gases; and the general processes and procedures used in determining disintegration schemes through a study of the beta- and gamma-rays emitted. In addition, it covers the nuclear shell model; collective nuclear motion and the unified model; and alpha-decay conservation laws. The emissions of gamma-radiation during charged particle bombardment and from fission fragments, as well as the neutron-capture radiation spectroscopy, are also explained. Experimentalists will find this book extremely useful.
Download or read book Safeguards Techniques and Equipment written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 1990s saw significant developments in the global non-proliferation landscape, resulting in a new period of safeguards development. The current publication, which is the second revision and update of IAEA/NVS/1, is intended to give a full and balanced description of the safeguards techniques and equipment used for nuclear material accountancy, containment and surveillance measures, environmental sampling, and data security. New features include a section on new and novel technologies. As new verification measures continue to be developed, the material in this book will be reviewed periodically and updated versions issued.
