Download or read book Novel Space Time Adaptive Processing Methods for Gaussian and Non Gaussian Radar Clutter written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our work on this contract has four main thrusts. We addressed (1) the problem of optimal target detection of a rank one signal in additive non-Gaussian clutter modeled as a spherically invariant random process. Performance analysis of the optimal signal processor was carried out. However, practical implementation of the optimal processor requires know- ledge of the probability density function underlying the clutter, which is often unavailable. Hence, (2) we considered the performance of sub-optimum as well as ad-hoc approximations to the optimal processor. Next, (3) we concerned ourselves with the performance of parametric space-time adaptive processing methods in Gaussian interference and addressed issues of detection probability. constant false alarm rate and reduced training data support. Finally, (4) we provided a rigorous statistical analysis of the recently proposed non-homogeneity detector, which is useful for training data selection in STAP applications.
Download or read book Space Time Adaptive Processing for Radar Second Edition written by J.R. Guerci and published by Artech House. This book was released on 2014-11-01 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Space-time adaptive processing (STAP) is an exciting technology for advanced radar systems that allows for significant performance enhancements over conventional approaches. Based on a time-tested course taught in industry, government and academia, this second edition reviews basic STAP concepts and methods, placing emphasis on implementation in real-world systems. It addresses the needs of radar engineers who are seeking to apply effective STAP techniques to their systems, and serves as an excellent reference for non-radar specialists with an interest in the signal processing applications of STAP. Engineers find the analysis tools they need to assess the impact of STAP on a variety of important radar applications. A toolkit of STAP algorithms and implementation techniques allows practitioners the flexibility of adapting the best methods to their application. In addition, this second edition adds brand new coverage on “STAP on Transmit” and “Knowledge-Aided STAP (KA-STAP).
Download or read book Further Evaluations of STAP Tests in Compound Gaussian Radar Clutter written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The performance of a parametric space-time adaptive processing (STAP) method is presented here. Specifically, we consider signal detection in additive disturbance containing compound-Gaussian clutter plus additive Gaussian thermal white noise. Performance is compared to the normalized adaptive matched filter and the Kelly GLRT receiver using simulated and measured data. We focus on the issues of detection and false alarm probabilities, constant false alarm rate (CFAR), robustness with respect to clutter texture power variations, and reduced training data support.
Download or read book Signal Detection in Correlated Gaussian and Non Gaussian Radar Clutter written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The subject of this report is the detection of weak targets in a strong clutter environment. Two situations arise depending on whether or not the weak targets can be separated from the clutter. For both cases new receivers are derived which provide significant improvement in performance over other recently proposed techniques. This work includes development of an adaptive joint-domain space-time processor, effective non-gaussian weak signal detectors based on spherically invariant random processes, and a new method for approximating the underlying probability density function of random data which works extremely well with only 100 samples. Locally optimum detector, Spherically invariant, Random processes, Probability density function, Weak signal detector, Radar, Space-time processing, Clutter, Non-gaussian.
Download or read book Principles of Space time Adaptive Processing written by Richard Klemm and published by IET. This book was released on 2002 with total page 582 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Annotation This is a systematic introduction to MTI (moving target indication) system design for use in the fields of earth observation, surveillance and reconnaisance, with particular regard to the suppression of clutter returns. Coverage includes signal processing, clutter models, array processinig theory, adapted linear arrays, non-linear antenna configurations, circular arrays, space-frequency techniques, and clutter suppression jamming conditions. This book is a follow up to the author's successful first book on STAP.
Download or read book An Overview of Space Time Adaptive Processing for Radar written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper provides a survey of space-time adaptive processing for radar target detection. Specifically, early work on adaptive array processing from the point of view of maximum signal-to-noise-ratio and minimum mean squared error perspectives are briefly reviewed for motivation. The sample matrix inversion method of Reed, Mallet and Brennan is discussed with attention devoted to its convergence properties. Variants of this approach such as the Kelly GLRT, adaptive matched filter and ACE tests are considered. Extensions to handle the case of non- Gaussian clutter statistics are presented. Current challenges of limited training data support, computational cost, and severely heterogeneous clutter backgrounds are outlined. Implementation and performance issues pertaining to reduced rank and model-based parametric approaches are presented.
Download or read book Space Time Adaptive Processing STAP Performance in Non Homogeneous Radar Clutter written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract report addresses the statistical analysis of the non-homogeneity detector (NHD) for non-Guassian interference scenarios. An important issue in STAP is that of homogeneity of training data. Non-homogeneity of the training data has a deleterious effect on STAP performance in that undernulled clutter significantly degrades detection and false alarm characteristics. Previous work in this area has proposed the use of non-homogeneity detector based on a generalized inner product (GIP). The unsuitability of the GIP based test for non-Guassian interference scenarios is noted. We present a new non-homogeneity detector for non-Guassian interference scenarios which can be modeled by a spherically invariant random process (SIRP). Our work includes a statistical analysis of the NHD for non-Guassian interference taking into account the fact that finite sample support is used for covariance estimation. In particular, exact theoretical expressions for the NHD test statistic PDF and the mean of a related test statistic are derived. We also note that the related test statistic admits a remarkably simple stochastic representation as a ratio of an F-distributed random variable and a beta-distributed loss factor. Based on this development, a formal goodness-of-fit test is presented. Performance analysis is carried out using simulated and measured data from the MCARM Program.
Download or read book Knowledge Based Solutions as They Apply to the General Radar Problem written by H. D. Griffiths and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Adaptive Radar Detection in the Presence of Textured and Discrete Interference written by Jeong Hwan Bang and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Under a number of practical operating scenarios, traditional moving target indicator (MTI) systems inadequately suppress ground clutter in airborne radar systems. Due to the moving platform, the clutter gains a nonzero relative velocity and spreads the power across Doppler frequencies. This obfuscates slow-moving targets of interest near the "direct current" component of the spectrum. In response, space-time adaptive processing (STAP) techniques have been developed that simultaneously operate in the space and time dimensions for effective clutter cancellation. STAP algorithms commonly operate under the assumption of homogeneous clutter, where the returns are described by complex, white Gaussian distributions. Empirical evidence shows that this assumption is invalid for many radar systems of interest, including high-resolution radar and radars operating at low grazing angles. We are interested in these heterogeneous cases, i.e., cases when the Gaussian model no longer suffices. Hence, the development of reliable STAP algorithms for real systems depends on the accuracy of the heterogeneous clutter models. The clutter of interest in this work includes heterogeneous texture clutter and point clutter. We have developed a cell-based clutter model (CCM) that provides simple, yet faithful means to simulate clutter scenarios for algorithm testing. The scene generated by the CMM can be tuned with two parameters, essentially describing the spikiness of the clutter scene. In one extreme, the texture resembles point clutter, generating strong returns from localized range-azimuth bins. On the other hand, our model can also simulate a flat, homogeneous environment. We prove the importance of model-based STAP techniques, namely knowledge-aided parametric covariance estimation (KAPE), in filtering a gamut of heterogeneous texture scenes. We demonstrate that the efficacy of KAPE does not diminish in the presence of typical spiky clutter. Computational complexities and susceptibility to modeling errors prohibit the use of KAPE in real systems. The computational complexity is a major concern, as the standard KAPE algorithm requires the inversion of an MNxMN matrix for each range bin, where M and N are the number of array elements and the number of pulses of the radar system, respectively. We developed a Gram Schmidt (GS) KAPE method that circumvents the need of a direct inversion and reduces the number of required power estimates. Another unavoidable concern is the performance degradations arising from uncalibrated array errors. This problem is exacerbated in KAPE, as it is a model-based technique; mismatched element amplitudes and phase errors amount to a modeling mismatch. We have developed the power-ridge aligning (PRA) calibration technique, a novel iterative gradient descent algorithm that outperforms current methods. We demonstrate the vast improvements attained using a combination of GS KAPE and PRA over the standard KAPE algorithm under various clutter scenarios in the presence of array errors.
Download or read book Space time Adaptive Processing for Radar written by J. R. Guerci and published by Artech House. This book was released on 2003 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This authoritative, leading-edge resource gives you a comprehensive overview of sample rate conversion (SRC) and its applications in software configurable radios. The book helps you understand the limits of feasible systems for sample rate conversion, as well as the limits of interpolation. You get sound advice on selecting the appropriate types of SRC for specific applications, and assistance in handling the trade-off between hardware complexity and the clock rate of a system. From an introduction to software radio and a refresher on the fundamentals of sampling and sample rate conversion, to discussions on block signal processing and well-known and novel structures for sample rate conversion, the book offers you practical guidance that enables you to quickly find solutions for your challenging projects in the field. This first-of-its-kind reference concludes with a list of questions that - when answered - helps to design a system for sample rate conversion. Over 890 equations and 90 illustrations support key topics throughout the book.
Download or read book Applications of Space Time Adaptive Processing written by Richard Klemm and published by IET. This book was released on 2004-08-13 with total page 971 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text discusses various applications of space-time adaptive processing, including applications in OTH-radar, ground target tracking, STAP in real world clutter environments, jammer cancellation, superresolution, active sonar, seismics and communications. It is divided into two parts: the first dealing with the classical adaptive suppression of airborne and spacebased radar clutter, and the second comprising of miscellaneous applications in other fields such as communications, underwater sound and seismics.
Download or read book Adaptive Radar Signal Processing The Problem of Exponential Computational Cost written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper provides a survey of space-time adaptive processing for radar target detection. Specifically, early work on adaptive array processing from the point of view of maximum signal-to-noise-ratio and minimum mean squared error perspectives are briefly reviewed for motivation. The sample matrix inversion method of Reed, Mallet and Brennan is discussed with attention devoted to its convergence properties. Variants of this approach such as the Kelly GLRT, adaptive matched filter and ACE tests are considered. Extensions to handle the case of non-Gaussian clutter statistics are presented. Current challenges of limited training data support, computational cost, and severely heterogeneous clutter backgrounds are outlined. Implementation and performance issues pertaining to reduced rank and model-based parametric approaches are presented.
Download or read book Novel Radar Techniques and Applications written by Richard Klemm and published by IET. This book was released on 2017-10-23 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents the state-of-the-art in advanced radar, with emphasis on ongoing novel research and development and contributions from an international team of leading radar experts.
Download or read book Signal Processing for MIMO Radars written by Chin yuan Chong and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Multiple-Input Multiple Output (MIMO) radar can be broadly defined as a radar system employing multiple transmit waveforms and having the ability to jointly process signals received at multiple receive antennas. In terms of configurations, the antennas can be widely separated or co-located. The first part of the thesis is on detection under Gaussian and non-Gaussian environments using a MIMO radar which contains several widely separated subarrays with one or more elements each. Two different situations are considered. Firstly, we consider that the interference is Gaussian but correlation between subarrays can arise due to insufficient spacing and the imperfect orthogonality of waveforms. Secondly, we consider that the interference is non-Gaussian, a situation which arises under sea and ground clutter and when the resolution is very high. The second part is on the application of MIMO techniques to Space-Time Adaptive Processing (STAP). The coherent MIMO configuration is studied in terms of antenna element distribution and inter-element spacing to improve detection and estimation performance. A preliminary study is also done on the use of spatial diversity to improve detection stability w.r.t. target Radar Cross Section (RCS) fluctuations and velocity direction changes.
Download or read book Bistatic Space time Adaptive Processing for Ground Moving Target Indication written by Chin-Heng Lim and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A New Efficient Algorithm for Approximation written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Classical radar signal processing techniques assume that the signal interference is Gaussian in nature. However, it has been shown that this interference or clutter is not always Gaussian. When non-Gaussian clutter exists, other signal processing techniques which are optimal, or more robust in non-Gaussian clutter may be more effective than the classical techniques. This requires determination of the clutter characteristics for each clutter region and then applying the appropriate signal processing technique to the data ideally in real time. In order to achieve real time it is necessary to determine this approximate Probability Density Function (PDF) using small sample data set sizes. However, until the development of the Ozturk Algorithm, there has not existed an efficient algorithm to determine an approximate PDF for a small clutter data sample set. The Ozturk Algorithm is a new statistical algorithm capable of approximating the PDF of a set of random data using on the order of 100 sample points, whereas classical techniques typically require thousands of samples. It consists of two parts, a goodness of fit test and the PDF Approximation. The goodness of fit test determines whether a sample data set is statistically consistent with a given PDF. The PDF Approximation selects the best approximate PDF from a variety of PDFs and is simply an extension of the goodness of fit test. This report describes the Ozturk Algorithm and shows an application of the algorithm to some temporal L-band radar clutter data.
Download or read book Advanced Signal Processing written by Stergios Stergiopoulos and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-09-29 with total page 750 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discover the Applicability, Benefits, and Potential of New Technologies As advances in algorithms and computer technology have bolstered the digital signal processing capabilities of real-time sonar, radar, and non-invasive medical diagnostics systems, cutting-edge military and defense research has established conceptual similarities in these areas. Now civilian enterprises can use government innovations to facilitate optimal functionality of complex real-time systems. Advanced Signal Processing details a cost-efficient generic processing structure that exploits these commonalities to benefit commercial applications. Learn from a Renowned Defense Scientist, Researcher, and Innovator The author preserves the mathematical focus and key information from the first edition that provided invaluable coverage of topics including adaptive systems, advanced beamformers, and volume visualization methods in medicine. Integrating the best features of non-linear and conventional algorithms and explaining their application in PC-based architectures, this text contains new data on: Advances in biometrics, image segmentation, registration, and fusion techniques for 3D/4D ultrasound, CT, and MRI Fully digital 3D/ (4D: 3D+time) ultrasound system technology, computing architecture requirements, and relevant implementation issues State-of-the-art non-invasive medical procedures, non-destructive 3D tomography imaging and biometrics, and monitoring of vital signs Cardiac motion correction in multi-slice X-ray CT imaging Space-time adaptive processing and detection of targets interference-intense backgrounds comprised of clutter and jamming With its detailed explanation of adaptive, synthetic-aperture, and fusion-processing schemes with near-instantaneous convergence in 2-D and 3-D sensors (including planar, circular, cylindrical, and spherical arrays), the quality and illustration of this text’s concepts and techniques will make it a favored reference.
