Download or read book Nonmonotonic Reasoning written by Grigoris Antoniou and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1997 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nonmonotonic reasoning provides formal methods that enable intelligent systems to operate adequately when faced with incomplete or changing information. In particular, it provides rigorous mechanisms for taking back conclusions that, in the presence of new information, turn out to be wrong and for deriving new, alternative conclusions instead. Nonmonotonic reasoning methods provide rigor similar to that of classical reasoning; they form a base for validation and verification and therefore increase confidence in intelligent systems that work with incomplete and changing information. Following a brief introduction to the concepts of predicate logic that are needed in the subsequent chapters, this book presents an in depth treatment of default logic. Other subjects covered include the major approaches of autoepistemic logic and circumscription, belief revision and its relationship to nonmonotonic inference, and briefly, the stable and well-founded semantics of logic programs.
Download or read book Nonmonotonic Logic written by V. Wiktor Marek and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-14 with total page 425 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When I first participated in exploring theories of nonmonotonic reasoning in the late 1970s, I had no idea of the wealth of conceptual and mathematical results that would emerge from those halting first steps. This book by Wiktor Marek and Miroslaw Truszczynski is an elegant treatment of a large body of these results. It provides the first comprehensive treatment of two influen tial nonmonotonic logics - autoepistemic and default logic - and describes a number of surprising and deep unifying relationships between them. It also relates them to various modal logics studied in the philosophical logic litera ture, and provides a thorough treatment of their applications as foundations for logic programming semantics and for truth maintenance systems. It is particularly appropriate that Marek and Truszczynski should have authored this book, since so much of the research that went into these results is due to them. Both authors were trained in the Polish school of logic and they bring to their research and writing the logical insights and sophisticated mathematics that one would expect from such a background. I believe that this book is a splendid example of the intellectual maturity of the field of artificial intelligence, and that it will provide a model of scholarship for us all for many years to come. Ray Reiter Department of Computer Science University of Toronto Toronto, Canada M5S 1A4 and The Canadian Institute for Advanced Research Table of Contents 1 1 Introduction .........
Download or read book The Many Valued and Nonmonotonic Turn in Logic written by Dov M. Gabbay and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2007-08-13 with total page 691 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present volume of the Handbook of the History of Logic brings together two of the most important developments in 20th century non-classical logic. These are many-valuedness and non-monotonicity. On the one approach, in deference to vagueness, temporal or quantum indeterminacy or reference-failure, sentences that are classically non-bivalent are allowed as inputs and outputs to consequence relations. Many-valued, dialetheic, fuzzy and quantum logics are, among other things, principled attempts to regulate the flow-through of sentences that are neither true nor false. On the second, or non-monotonic, approach, constraints are placed on inputs (and sometimes on outputs) of a classical consequence relation, with a view to producing a notion of consequence that serves in a more realistic way the requirements of real-life inference. Many-valued logics produce an interesting problem. Non-bivalent inputs produce classically valid consequence statements, for any choice of outputs. A major task of many-valued logics of all stripes is to fashion an appropriately non-classical relation of consequence.The chief preoccupation of non-monotonic (and default) logicians is how to constrain inputs and outputs of the consequence relation. In what is called “left non-monotonicity , it is forbidden to add new sentences to the inputs of true consequence-statements. The restriction takes notice of the fact that new information will sometimes override an antecedently (and reasonably) derived consequence. In what is called “right non-monotonicity , limitations are imposed on outputs of the consequence relation. Most notably, perhaps, is the requirement that the rule of or-introduction not be given free sway on outputs. Also prominent is the effort of paraconsistent logicians, both preservationist and dialetheic, to limit the outputs of inconsistent inputs, which in classical contexts are wholly unconstrained.In some instances, our two themes coincide. Dialetheic logics are a case in point. Dialetheic logics allow certain selected sentences to have, as a third truth value, the classical values of truth and falsity together. So such logics also admit classically inconsistent inputs. A central task is to construct a right non-monotonic consequence relation that allows for these many-valued, and inconsistent, inputs.The Many Valued and Non-Monotonic Turn in Logic is an indispensable research tool for anyone interested in the development of logic, including researchers, graduate and senior undergraduate students in logic, history of logic, mathematics, history of mathematics, computer science, AI, linguistics, cognitive science, argumentation theory, and the history of ideas. Detailed and comprehensive chapters covering the entire range of modal logic. Contains the latest scholarly discoveries and interprative insights that answers many questions in the field of logic.
Download or read book Logic Programming and Nonmonotonic Reasoning written by Michael Gelfond and published by Springer. This book was released on 2003-06-26 with total page 401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Logic Programming and Nonmonotonic Reasoning, LPNMR '99, held in El Paso, Texas, USA, in December 1999. The volume presents 26 contributed papers and four invited talks, three appearing as extended abstracts and one as a full paper. Topics covered include logic programming, non-monotonic reasoning, knowledge representation, semantics, complexity, expressive power, and implementation and applicatons.
Download or read book A Logical Theory of Nonmonotonic Inference and Belief Change written by Alexander Bochman and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-14 with total page 439 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first book that integrates nonmonotonic reasoning and belief change into a single framework from an artificial intelligence logic point-of-view. The approach to both these subjects is based on a powerful notion of an epistemic state that subsumes both existing models for nonmonotonic inference and current models for belief change. Many results and constructions in the book are completely new and have not appeared earlier in the literature.
Download or read book Logic Programming and Nonmonotonic Reasoning written by Jürgen Dix and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1997-07-02 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Development and environment problems have reached such alarming proportions that the very survival of humanity is now subject to critical and unprecedented threats. In its latest report, the German Advisory Council on Global Change (WBGU) criticizes Germany's global change research community for its lack of international orientation, its bias towards individual disciplines and for its weaknesses in translating scientific results into a form readily accessible to policymakers. The Council identifies alternatives for restructuring the research landscape, focusing primarily on a new 'Syndrome Approach' for global change research. By applying this tool, scientists can systematically describe and analyze the 'diseases' afflicting the Earth System, and thus elaborate response options.
Download or read book Logic Programming and Nonmonotonic Reasoning written by Thomas Eiter and published by Springer. This book was released on 2003-08-06 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Logic Programming and Nonmonotonic Reasoning, LPNMR 2001, held in Vienna, Austria in September 2001. The 22 revised full papers and eleven system descriptions presented with five invited papers were carefully reviewed and rigorously selected. Among the topics addressed are computational logic, declarative information extraction, model checking, inductive logic programming, default theories, stable logic programming, program semantics, incomplete information processing, concept learning, declarative specification, Prolog programming, many-valued logics, etc.
Download or read book Logic Programming and Nonmonotonic Reasoning written by Chitta Baral and published by Springer. This book was released on 2005-09-21 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These are the proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Logic Programming and Nonmonotonic Reasoning (LPNMR 2005) ... the eighth conference was held in Diamante, Italy, from 5th to 8th of September 2005.
Download or read book Bridges from Classical to Nonmonotonic Logic written by David Makinson and published by College Publications. This book was released on 2005 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Imagine a robot trying to size up a difficult situation, to find a way of responding. Its sensors receive streams of information from which it tries to reach judgements. If it relies on deduction alone, it will not get far, no matter how fast its inference engines; for even the most massive information is still typically incomplete: there are relevant issues that it does not resolve one way or the other. The robot, or human agent for that matter, needs to go beyond these limits. It needs to `go supraclassical', inferring more than is authorised by classical logic alone. But such inferences are inherently uncertain. They are also nonmonotonic, in the sense that the acquisition of further information, even when consistent with the existing stock, may lead us to abondon as well as add conclusions. Nonmonotonic logic is the study of such reasoning and has been the subject of intensive research for more than two decades. But for the newcomer it is still a disconcerting affair, lacking unity with many systems going in different directions. The purpose of this book is to take the mystery out of the subject, giving a clear overall picture of what is going on. It makes the essential ideas and main approaches to nonmonotonic logic accessible, and meaningful, to anyone with a few basic tools of discrete mathematics and a minimal background in classical propositional logic. It is written as a textbook, with detailed explanations, examples, comments, exercises and answers. Students and instructors alike will find it an invaluable guide.
Download or read book Explanatory Nonmonotonic Reasoning written by Alexander Bochman and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2005 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many approaches in the field of nonmonotonic and ?commonsense? reasoning are actually different representations of the same basic ideas and constructions. This book gives a logical formalization of the original, explanatory approach to nonmonotonic reasoning. It uses the basic formalism of biconsequence relations, as well as derived systems of default, autoepistemic and causal inference, to cover in a single framework such diverse systems as default logic, autoepistemic and modal nonmonotonic logics, input/output and causal logics, argumentation theory, and semantics of general logic programs with negation as failure. This approach provides a clear separation between logical (monotonic) and nonmonotonic aspects of nonmonotonic reasoning. The separation allows, in particular, to single out the logics underlying modern logic programming and restore thereby the connection between logic programming and logic.
Download or read book Nonmonotonic Logics written by Karl Schlechta and published by Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence. This book was released on 1997-01-15 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nonmonotonic logics were created as an abstraction of some types of common sense reasoning, analogous to the way classical logic serves to formalize ideal reasoning about mathematical objects. These logics are nonmonotonic in the sense that enlarging the set of axioms does not necessarily imply an enlargement of the set of formulas deducible from these axioms. Such situations arise naturally, for example, in the use of information of different degrees of reliability. This book emphasizes basic concepts by outlining connections between different formalisms of nonmonotonic logic, and gives a coherent presentation of recent research results and reasoning techniques. It provides a self-contained state-of-the-art survey of the area addressing researchers in AI lo
Download or read book Conditionals in Nonmonotonic Reasoning and Belief Revision written by Gabriele Kern-Isberner and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2001-07-25 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers lymphoproliferative disorders in patients with congenital or acquired immunodeficiencies. Acquired immunodeficiencies are caused by infections with the human immunodeficiency virus or arise following immunosuppressive therapy administered after organ transplantation or to treat connective tissue diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis. It was recently discovered that various diseases or therapeutic modalities that induce a state of immunosuppression may cause virally driven lymphoproliferations. This book summarizes for the first time this group of immunodeficiency-associated lymphoproliferations.
Download or read book Logic Programming and Non Monotonic Reasoning written by Lua-S Moniz Pereira and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1993 with total page 518 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the second in a series of workshops that are bringing together researchers from the theoretical end of both the logic programming and artificial intelligence communities to discuss their mutual interests. This workshop emphasizes the relationship between logic programming and non-monotonic reasoning.Luis' Moniz Pereira is Professor in the Department of Computer Science at the Universidade Nova Lisboa, Portugal. Anil Nerode is Professor and Director of the Mathematical Sciences Institute at Cornell University.Topics include: Stable Semantics. Autoepistemic Logic. Abduction. Implementation Issues. Well-founded Semantics. Truth Maintenance. Probabilistic Theories. Applications. Default Logic. Diagnosis. Complexity and Theory. Handling Inconsistency.
Download or read book Logic Programming and Nonmonotonic Reasoning written by Marcello Balduccini and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-05-23 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Logic Programming and Nonmonotonic Reasoning, LPNMR 2019, held in Philadelphia, PA, USA, in June 2019. The 22 full papers and 3 short papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from a total of 39 submissions. The papers were organized in topical sections named: applications; argumentation; foundations and complexity; knowledge representation and reasoning; and systems.
Download or read book Nonmonotonic Reasoning written by Gerhard Brewka and published by Stanford Univ Center for the Study. This book was released on 1997-01-01 with total page 179 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nonmonotonic reasoning in its broadest sense is reasoning to conclusions on the basis of incomplete information. Given more information, previously drawn inferences may be retracted. Commonsense reasoning has a nonmonotonic component; it has been argued that almost all commonsense inferences are of this sort. From the end of the 1980s to the present there has been an explosion in research in nonmonotonic reasoning. It is now possible to understand more clearly the properties of the major formalisms from a metatheoretical point of view, the relationships among the formalisms and their connection to independently developed proof methods. The goal of this monograph is to make this understanding more accessible.
Download or read book Readings in Nonmonotonic Reasoning written by Matthew L. Ginsberg and published by Morgan Kaufmann Publishers. This book was released on 1987 with total page 498 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Logic Programming and Nonmonotonic Reasoning written by Vladimir Lifschitz and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2004-02-12 with total page 375 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Logic Programming and Nonmonotonic Reasoning, LPNMR 2004, held in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, USA in January 2004. The 24 revised full papers presented together with 8 system descriptions were carefully reviewed and selected for presentation. Among the topics addressed are declarative logic programming, nonmonotonic reasoning, knowledge representation, combinatorial search, answer set programming, constraint programming, deduction in ontologies, and planning.
