Download or read book Non equilibrium Dynamics in Holography written by Sebastian Grieninger and published by . This book was released on 2020* with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this thesis, we investigate aspects of non-equilibrium dynamics of strongly coupled field theories within holography. We establish a hydrodynamic description for anomalous quantum field theories subject to a strong external field for the first time in the literature. Within holography, we explicitly demonstrate which transport coefficients are non-zero due to the chiral anomaly and thus important for the transport. We show that the standard treatment of the hydrodynamics for spontaneously broken translational invariance is more subtle and has to be revised since the description is missing a novel thermodynamic coefficient. Within holographic massive gravity, we lay out a road map for extensions of hydrodynamics to momentum dissipation. Furthermore, we study the imprint of spontaneously broken translations beyond linear response theory in terms of periodically driven strongly coupled quantum field theories. Another important non-equilibrium scenario specially important for the understanding of our universe is quantum gravity in de-Sitter. Recently, the bold claim of the so-called swampland conjectures has attracted great interest since it banishes all stable theories of quantum gravity on de-Sitter with matter into swampland. Within the well-defined framework of the DS/dS correspondence, we set out to derive consistency conditions on the matter content in de-Sitter. Surprisingly, our proposed bound is violated by any reasonable form of matter. In our discussion, we find a novel one-parameter family of entangling surfaces which interpolates between the two solutions known so far. The last chapter is dedicated to solvable irrelevant deformations in quantum field theory -- the TT deformation. Within holography, we derive the entanglement entropies for generic subintervals on a sphere. We also resolve the confusion in the literature about a seeming mismatch between the holographic field theory results for the entanglement entropy in general dimensions.
Download or read book Topics in Non Equilibrium Dynamics and the Emergence of Spacetime written by Dalit Engelhardt and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Anti-de Sitter / Conformal Field Theory (AdS/CFT) correspondence that arises in string theory has had implications for the study of phenomena across a range of subfields in physics, from spacetime geometry to the behavior of condensed matter systems. Two major themes that have featured prominently in these investigations have been the behavior of systems out of equilibrium, and the emergence of spacetime. In this thesis, aspects of these themes are considered and analyzed. The question of equilibration and thermalization in 2D conformal field theories is addressed and refined via a number of observations about local versus global thermalization in such systems, the validity of particular diagnostics of thermalization, the dependence of the equilibration behavior of a conformal field theory on its operator spectrum, and the holographic dual of the generalized Gibbs ensemble that is of interest in studies of equilibration in systems with a large number of conserved quantities. A formalism for analyzing the non-equilibrium dynamics of 1+1-dimensional conformal field theories is discussed, and its physical relevance is motivated with an example connecting such a system to an experimental system that exhibited unusual equilibration behavior. Qualitative agreement is demonstrated between the CFT picture and the experimental observations. The emergence of spacetime geometry from quantum entanglement, while largely a byproduct of considerations from holographic dualities, has also been proposed to have a direct, non-holographic manifestation. Here a particular realization of such a direct emergence is presented through a demonstration that, in the presence of quantum entanglement alone, certain observations of electric fields in the entangled system appear qualitatively the same as the corresponding observations in a physically-connected geometric spacetime, so that the entanglement effectively mimics particular features associated with geometric connectivity.
Download or read book Holographic Quantum Matter written by Sean A. Hartnoll and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2018-03-16 with total page 407 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive overview of holographic methods in quantum matter, written by pioneers in the field. This book, written by pioneers in the field, offers a comprehensive overview of holographic methods in quantum matter. It covers influential developments in theoretical physics, making the key concepts accessible to researchers and students in both high energy and condensed matter physics. The book provides a unique combination of theoretical and historical context, technical results, extensive references to the literature, and exercises. It will give readers the ability to understand the important problems in the field, both those that have been solved and those that remain unsolved, and will enable them to engage directly with the current literature. The book describes a particular interface between condensed matter physics, gravitational physics, and string and quantum field theory made possible by holographic duality. The chapters cover such topics as the essential workings of the holographic correspondence; strongly interacting quantum matter at a fixed commensurate density; compressible quantum matter with a variable density; transport in quantum matter; the holographic description of symmetry broken phases; and the relevance of the topics covered to experimental challenges in specific quantum materials. Holographic Quantum Matter promises to be the definitive presentation of this material.
Download or read book Holographic Entanglement Entropy written by Mukund Rangamani and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-05-08 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive overview of developments in the field of holographic entanglement entropy. Within the context of the AdS/CFT correspondence, it is shown how quantum entanglement is computed by the area of certain extremal surfaces. The general lessons one can learn from this connection are drawn out for quantum field theories, many-body physics, and quantum gravity. An overview of the necessary background material is provided together with a flavor of the exciting open questions that are currently being discussed. The book is divided into four main parts. In the first part, the concept of entanglement, and methods for computing it, in quantum field theories is reviewed. In the second part, an overview of the AdS/CFT correspondence is given and the holographic entanglement entropy prescription is explained. In the third part, the time-dependence of entanglement entropy in out-of-equilibrium systems, and applications to many body physics are explored using holographic methods. The last part focuses on the connection between entanglement and geometry. Known constraints on the holographic map, as well as, elaboration of entanglement being a fundamental building block of geometry are explained. The book is a useful resource for researchers and graduate students interested in string theory and holography, condensed matter and quantum information, as it tries to connect these different subjects linked by the common theme of quantum entanglement.
Download or read book Holographic Collisions and Non conformal Dynamics written by Miquel Triana Iglesias and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 137 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The gauge/gravity duality has proven to be a very useful tool in the understanding of quantum field theories outside the perturbative regime. In particular, holography has been able to shed light not only on generic mechanisms of strongly coupled theories, but also on processes occurred in experimental set-ups, such as the heavy ion collisions. Experimental observations such as small viscosities or fast hydrodynamization find a natural explanation when the problem is expressed in terms of gravity and black holes. Despite the successes, however, it is important to bear in mind that holography provides computational tools for toy models rather than for QCD itself, and that these models are usable only under certain assumptions. Nature is very often far more nuanced than the models physicists use to describe it. In the case of heavy ion experiments and QCD there are many features that are commonly coarse grained in the holographic computations. For instance, non-trivial RG flows or baryon currents have not been included in the holographic models until very recently, although these are very relevant to experiments, and fundamental in critical phenomena. In this thesis we present a series of works in the topics field theory and heavy ion collisions that use applied holography and numeric GR as computational tools. The unifying factor among them is that they consider gravitational set-ups beyond pure gravity to describe the physics of conserved currents, non-trivial RG flows and phase transitions. In chapter 2 we use an Einstein-Maxwell set-up to compute the collision of two shock-waves with a conserved current and the hydrodynamization of the subsequent plasma. This conserved current is used to model the baryonic charge deposition by rapidity, observed in the experiments. The simulations are done with and without including the backreaction of the Maxwell field into the metric, which corresponds to the quenched approximation for the effects of the baryon charge on the gluons. In chapter 3 we present a one parameter family of non-conformal models. By adding an scalar field with a polynomial potential to the pure gravity set-up, we can achieve a non-trivial RG flow between two fixed points in the dual field theory. In this work we compute the thermodynamics and the quasi-normal modes spectra for the homogeneous states, being the latter one of the main results of the chapter. In chapter 4 we present the first holographic shock-wave collisions in a non-conformal model. To do so, we use the model introduced in chapter 3. In non-conformal models the average pressure in equilibrium is not fixed by symmetry, but by the equation of state. Out of equilibrium the average pressure might take any value, giving a new probe for the equilibration of the system. When the plasma's average pressure is well approximated by the equation of state value, we say that the system has "EoSizied". In this chapter we show that the EoSization can indeed happen before the plasma has hydrodynamized. Finally, in chapter 5 we explore a holographic model that can contain phase transitions. This model is the same as the one presented in chapter 3, but now taking pure imaginary numbers for the controlling parameter. In an effort to understand the instabilities present in models with phase transitions, we trigger and evolve a spinoidal instability to its inhomogeneous end state. This is done by adding a small perturbation to a uniform black brane in a locally unstable branch, triggering a Gregory-Laflamme type instability in the gravity side. The most remarkable result found in the simulation is that both the evolution and the final result are well described by second order hydrodynamics.
Download or read book Holographic Quantum Matter written by Sean A. Hartnoll and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2018-03-16 with total page 407 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive overview of holographic methods in quantum matter, written by pioneers in the field. This book, written by pioneers in the field, offers a comprehensive overview of holographic methods in quantum matter. It covers influential developments in theoretical physics, making the key concepts accessible to researchers and students in both high energy and condensed matter physics. The book provides a unique combination of theoretical and historical context, technical results, extensive references to the literature, and exercises. It will give readers the ability to understand the important problems in the field, both those that have been solved and those that remain unsolved, and will enable them to engage directly with the current literature. The book describes a particular interface between condensed matter physics, gravitational physics, and string and quantum field theory made possible by holographic duality. The chapters cover such topics as the essential workings of the holographic correspondence; strongly interacting quantum matter at a fixed commensurate density; compressible quantum matter with a variable density; transport in quantum matter; the holographic description of symmetry broken phases; and the relevance of the topics covered to experimental challenges in specific quantum materials. Holographic Quantum Matter promises to be the definitive presentation of this material.
Download or read book Relativistic Fluid Dynamics In and Out of Equilibrium written by Paul Romatschke and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-05-09 with total page 207 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The past decade has seen unprecedented developments in the understanding of relativistic fluid dynamics in and out of equilibrium, with connections to astrophysics, cosmology, string theory, quantum information, nuclear physics and condensed matter physics. Romatschke and Romatschke offer a powerful new framework for fluid dynamics, exploring its connections to kinetic theory, gauge/gravity duality and thermal quantum field theory. Numerical algorithms to solve the equations of motion of relativistic dissipative fluid dynamics as well as applications to various systems are discussed. In particular, the book contains a comprehensive review of the theory background necessary to apply fluid dynamics to simulate relativistic nuclear collisions, including comparisons of fluid simulation results to experimental data for relativistic lead-lead, proton-lead and proton-proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The book is an excellent resource for students and researchers working in nuclear physics, astrophysics, cosmology, quantum many-body systems and string theory.
Download or read book Holography Out of Equilibrium written by and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using holography it is possible to write down the dissipative hydrodynamic behaviour of a boundary field theory which describes a non-conformal fluid. It is also possible to write down the evolution equations of the two-point correlators for the various field present within the cornerstone field theory in the AdS/CFT correspondence. Studying out-of-equilibrium phenomena in this way might lead us to discover the process of , among other things, black hole formation/evaporation. Studying black holes had proved a vital ingredient in searching for a unifying theory of quantum mechanics and general relativity.
Download or read book Dynamics of Asymptotically AdS Spaces and Holography written by Juan Felipe Pedraza Avella and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis presents a series of studies on the evolution and out-of-equilibrium dynamics of strongly coupled quantum field theories by means of the AdS/CFT correspondence. We use a handful of analytic and semi-analytic techniques to investigate the response of the system due to different types of perturbations, some of them leading to thermalization, cooling down or coherent oscillations of the quantum fields. We characterize the processes by studying the evolution of non-local observables such as two-point functions, Wilson loops and entanglement entropy. Our results may be relevant to heavy-ion collision and condensed matter physics experiments.
Download or read book Holographic Tools for Probing the Dynamics of Strongly Coupled Field Theories written by John F. Fuini and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 157 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since it was conjectured almost 20 years ago, AdS/CFT duality, or holography, has enabled steady progress in understanding certain gauge theories in the strongly coupled limit. In this thesis we examine various aspects of holography and holographic techniques, as well as particular applications to the dynamics of strongly coupled plasmas. We discuss the energy loss of general probe defects in generic holographic plasmas and the lifetime of quasinormal modes of sufficiently short-wavelength in a strongly coupled N= 4 Super Yang-Mills (SYM) plasma. We then perform a thorough investigation of the far-from-equilibrium dynamics of the SYM plasma, focusing on how the presence of large magnetic fields or chemical potentials affect the timescale of equilibration. Finally we discuss some non-relativistic directions by finding a covariant construction of Lagrangians for spinor fields in generic Newton-Cartan backgrounds via a non-relativistic reduction, which may assist in the construction of non-relativistic versions of holography.
Download or read book Gauge String Duality Hot QCD and Heavy Ion Collisions written by Jorge Casalderrey-Solana and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2023-07-31 with total page 469 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Thermal Quantum Field Theory and Perturbative Non Equilibrium Dynamics written by Peter Millington and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-10-29 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The author develops a new perturbative formalism of non-equilibrium thermal quantum field theory for non-homogeneous backgrounds. As a result of this formulation, the author is able to show how so-called pinch singularities can be removed, without resorting to ad hoc prescriptions, or effective resummations of absorptive effects. Thus, the author arrives at a diagrammatic approach to non-equilibrium field theory, built from modified Feynman rules that are manifestly time-dependent from tree level. This new formulation provides an alternative framework in which to derive master time evolution equations for physically meaningful particle number densities, which are valid to all orders in perturbation theory and to all orders in gradient expansion. Once truncated in a loop-wise sense, these evolution equations capture non-equilibrium dynamics on all time-scales, systematically describing energy-violating processes and the non-Markovian evolution of memory effects
Download or read book Holographic Duality in Condensed Matter Physics written by Jan Zaanen and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-11-05 with total page 587 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A pioneering treatise presenting how the mathematical techniques of holographic duality can unify the fundamental theories of physics.
Download or read book Relativistic Fluid Dynamics in and out of Equilibrium written by Paul Romatschke and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-05-09 with total page 207 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents a powerful new framework for out-of-equilibrium hydrodynamics, with connections to kinetic theory, AdS/CFT and applications to high-energy particle collisions.
Download or read book Non Equilibrium Phase Transitions written by Malte Henkel and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-01-19 with total page 562 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “The importance of knowledge consists not only in its direct practical utility but also in the fact the it promotes a widely contemplative habit of mind; on this ground, utility is to be found in much of the knowledge that is nowadays labelled ‘useless’. ” Bertrand Russel, In Praise of Idleness, London (1935) “Why are scientists in so many cases so deeply interested in their work ? Is it merely because it is useful ? It is only necessary to talk to such scientists to discover that the utilitarian possibilities of their work are generally of secondary interest to them. Something else is primary. ” David Bohm, On creativity, Abingdon (1996) In this volume, the dynamical critical behaviour of many-body systems far from equilibrium is discussed. Therefore, the intrinsic properties of the - namics itself, rather than those of the stationary state, are in the focus of 1 interest. Characteristically, far-from-equilibrium systems often display - namical scaling, even if the stationary state is very far from being critical. A 1 As an example of a non-equilibrium phase transition, with striking practical c- sequences, consider the allotropic change of metallic ?-tin to brittle ?-tin. At o equilibrium, the gray ?-Sn becomes more stable than the silvery ?-Sn at 13. 2 C. Kinetically, the transition between these two solid forms of tin is rather slow at higher temperatures. It starts from small islands of ?-Sn, the growth of which proceeds through an auto-catalytic reaction.
Download or read book Nonequilibrium Dynamics of Biomolecules written by Anthony Joseph Manzo and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 580 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book String Theory written by Joseph Gerard Polchinski and published by . This book was released on 2005-11-30 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Available for the first time in paperback, String Theory comprises two volumes which present an up-to-date, comprehensive account of the subject. Volume 1, An Introduction to the Bosonic String, provides a thorough introduction to the bosonic string, based on the Polyakov path integral and conformal field theory. Volume 2, Superstring Theory and Beyond, begins with an introduction to supersymmetric string theories and progresses to a broad presentation of the important advances of recent years. Both volumes contain an annotated reference section, and a detailed glossary of important terms and concepts. Many exercises are included to re-inforce the text's main points as well as stimulate additional ideas. The volumes are an essential text/reference for graduate students and researchers in theoretical physics, particle physics and relativity.
