Download or read book Non destructive and Semi destructive Methods for Thermal Stress Measurement in the Continuous Welded Rails written by Xuan Zhu and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 153 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In-situ stress determination in structures under environmental variability without a reference value is a challenging experimental mechanics task. One potential application of this task is the management of longitudinal loads in railroad structures: the absence of expansion joints in Continuous Welded Rail (CWR) has created the need for the railroad industry to determine the in-situ thermal stress levels for rail buckling and breakage prevention. This dissertation examines the potentials of a nondestructive method, namely Electro-Mechanical Impedance (EMI) method, and a semi-destructive method, the hole-drilling test procedure, to provide an estimation of axial stress in bar-like structures. The EMI method is completely non-destructive, as it simply involves bonding a piezoelectric element on the host structure and measuring the electrical admittance signature of the PZT-structure assembly in selected frequency bands. This non-invasive method features the easiness of implementation and interpretation, while it is notoriously known for being vulnerable to environmental variability. A comprehensive analytical model is proposed to relate the measured electric admittance signatures to uniaxial applied stress and temperature, respectively, as functions of relevant parameters of the EMI monitoring system. The model results compare favorably to the experimental ones, where the sensitivities of features extracted from the admittance signatures to the varying stress levels and temperatures are determined. The temperature compensation algorithms are proposed, and the final results illustrate that the frameworks are capable to eliminate the temperature effect and highlight the ones from thermal stress. On the other hand, the semi-destructive hole-drilling method is explored as a possible solution for thermal stress measurement. A new set of calibration coefficients to compute the stress field relieved by fine hole depth increments required by the high strength steel was determined. The new calibration coefficients were experimentally validated on an aluminum plate subjected to a known uniaxial load. The thermal stress levels of constrained rails were estimated after compensation for the residual stress components, based on statistical relationships developed experimentally between the longitudinal and the vertical residual stresses. The results showed that the hole-drilling procedure, with appropriate calibration coefficients and residual stress compensation, can estimate the in-situ rail thermal stresses with an expected accuracy that is within the industry acceptable levels.
Download or read book Determination of Stress State in Continuously Welded Rails Rev written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Summarizes findings and conclusions of an investigation of the state of stress in continuously welded rail using two techniques. The first involved acoustic analysis of rail vibration induced by an external excitation, based on the hypothesis that in-situ thermal stress in rail could be obtained from a calibration of its vibrational characteristics against stress. Tests were conducted on whole rail sections on a simulated half-track bed, with excitation of the rail head in vertical and lateral directions and of the web and foot of the rail using a ten-pound hammer. Rail response was measured by an accelerometer positioned opposite the impact point. The second technique involved magneto-elastic calibration of the magnetism of rail steel against applied stress, based on the principle of magneto-elastic interaction between magnetostrictive and elastic lattice strains. This phenomenon produces an electrical pulse called Barkhausen noise. Calibrations of Barkhausen noise levels versus stress were performed on rail samples from five different manufacturers. Field measurements on sections of Quebec Cartier Mining track are also analyzed and presented.
Download or read book Metals Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 1622 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 688 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lists citations with abstracts for aerospace related reports obtained from world wide sources and announces documents that have recently been entered into the NASA Scientific and Technical Information Database.
Download or read book The Journal of the Iron and Steel Institute written by Iron and Steel Institute and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 836 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Includes sect. "A survey of literature on the manufacture and properties of iron and steel, and kindred subjects" (title varies)
Download or read book Index to Publications of the Iron and Steel Institute written by Iron and Steel Institute and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vols. for -1973 include name and subject indexes.
Download or read book Training Guidelines in Non destructive Testing Techniques written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Metals Abstracts Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 1622 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Non Destructive Evaluation of Reinforced Concrete Structures Deterioration Processes and Standard Test Methods written by Christiane Maierhofer and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2010-06 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This authoritative book provides a comprehensive review of the highly important subject of non-destructive evaluation of reinforced concrete structures. Engineers have a range of sophisticated techniques at their disposal to assess the condition of reinforced concrete structures that do not cause material damage and which usually enable the structure to be used while the surveys are carried out. Non-destructive evaluation of the infrastructure also plays a key role in calculating and prioritising where money should be spent on repair or replacement. Providing details of related techniques and case studies, this book offers an overview of how to plan and implement the NDT of reinforced concrete structures.
Download or read book Transactions written by Iron and Steel Institute and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 1002 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Structural and Residual Stress Analysis by Nondestructive Methods written by V. Hauk and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1997-11-10 with total page 655 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The field of stress analysis has gained its momentum from the widespread applications in industry and technology and has now become an important part of materials science. Various destructive as well as nondestructive methods have been developed for the determination of stresses. This timely book provides a comprehensive review of the nondestructive techniques for strain evaluation written by experts in their respective fields.The main part of the book deals with X-ray stress analysis (XSA), focussing on measurement and evaluation methods which can help to solve the problems of today, the numerous applications of metallic, polymeric and ceramic materials as well as of thin-film-substrate composites and of advanced microcomponents. Furthermore it contains data, results, hints and recommendations that are valuable to laboratories for the certification and accreditation of their stress analysis.Stress analysis is an active field in which many questions remain unsettled. Accordingly, unsolved problems and conflicting results are discussed as well. The assessment of the experimentally determined residual and structural stress states on the static and dynamic behavior of materials and components is handled in a separate chapter.Students and engineers of materials science and scientists working in laboratories and industries will find this book invaluable.
Download or read book Emerging Technologies in Non Destructive Testing VI written by Danny Van Hemelrijck and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2015-11-24 with total page 592 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) is of worldwide significance, and is strongly related to the detection of damage in engineering structures (buildings, bridges, aircrafts, ships, pressure vessels, etc.) using non-invasive techniques (ultrasound, X-rays, Radar, neutrons, thermography, vibrations, acoustic emission, etc.). Emerging Technologies in Non-D
Download or read book Applied Mechanics Reviews written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Track Cyclopedia written by and published by Simmons-Boardman Books, Incorporated. This book was released on 1985 with total page 478 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book British Journal of Non destructive Testing written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 974 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Residual Stresses in Composite Materials written by Mahmood M. Shokrieh and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2014-02-14 with total page 407 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Residual stresses are a common phenomenon in composite materials. They can either add to or significantly reduce material strength. Because of the increasing demand for high-strength, light-weight materials such as composites and their wide range of applications in the aerospace and automotive industries, in civil infrastructure and in sporting applications, it is critical that the residual stresses of composite materials are understood and measured correctly.The first part of this important book reviews destructive and non-destructive testing (NDT) techniques for measuring residual stresses. Various mathematical (analytical and numerical) methods for calculation of residual stresses in composite materials are also presented. Chapters in the first section of the book discuss the simulated hole drilling method, the slitting/crack compliance method, measuring residual stresses in homogeneous and composite glass materials using photoelastic techniques, and modeling residual stresses in composite materials. The second part of the book discusses residual stresses in polymer matrix, metal-matrix and a range of other types of composites. Moreover, the addition of nanoparticles to the matrix of polymeric composites as a new technique for reduction of residual stresses is discussed.Residual stresses in composite materials provides a comprehensive overview of this important topic, and is an invaluable reference text for both academics and professionals working in the mechanical engineering, civil engineering, aerospace, automotive, marine and sporting industries. - Reviews destructive and non-destructive testing (NDT) techniques for measuring residual stresses - Discusses residual stresses in polymer matrix, metal-matrix and other types of composite - Considers the addition of nanoparticles to the matrix of polymeric composites as a new technique for reduction of residual stresses
Download or read book Metallurgia written by and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 718 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
