Download or read book Noise and Randomness in Living System written by Sisir Roy and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-04-13 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book illustrates the role of randomness and noise in living organisms. Traditionally, the randomness and noise have been used in understanding signal processing in communications. This book is divided into two sections, the first of which introduces readers to the various types and sources of noise and the constructive role of noise in non-linear dynamics. It also analyses the importance of randomness and noise in a variety of science and engineering applications. In turn, the second section discusses in detail the functional role of noise in biological processes for example, in case of brain function at the level of ion channel, synaptic level and even at cognitive level. These are described in various chapters. One of the challenging issue finding the neuronal correlates of various meditative states is to understand how brain controls various types of noise so as to reach a state of synchronized oscillatory state of the brain corresponding to the state of Samadhi. This is described in details in one chapter called Noise, Coherence and meditation. The concept of noise and the role of randomness in living organism raise lot of controversy for last few decades. This is discussed in a separate chapter. Finally, the epistemic and ontic nature of randomness as discussed in physical science are investigated in the context of living organism.
Download or read book Randomness and Noise in Information Systems written by Hongchao Zhou and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 830 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Noise written by Daniel Kahneman and published by Little, Brown. This book was released on 2021-05-18 with total page 429 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the Nobel Prize-winning author of Thinking, Fast and Slow and the coauthor of Nudge, a revolutionary exploration of why people make bad judgments and how to make better ones—"a tour de force” (New York Times). Imagine that two doctors in the same city give different diagnoses to identical patients—or that two judges in the same courthouse give markedly different sentences to people who have committed the same crime. Suppose that different interviewers at the same firm make different decisions about indistinguishable job applicants—or that when a company is handling customer complaints, the resolution depends on who happens to answer the phone. Now imagine that the same doctor, the same judge, the same interviewer, or the same customer service agent makes different decisions depending on whether it is morning or afternoon, or Monday rather than Wednesday. These are examples of noise: variability in judgments that should be identical. In Noise, Daniel Kahneman, Olivier Sibony, and Cass R. Sunstein show the detrimental effects of noise in many fields, including medicine, law, economic forecasting, forensic science, bail, child protection, strategy, performance reviews, and personnel selection. Wherever there is judgment, there is noise. Yet, most of the time, individuals and organizations alike are unaware of it. They neglect noise. With a few simple remedies, people can reduce both noise and bias, and so make far better decisions. Packed with original ideas, and offering the same kinds of research-based insights that made Thinking, Fast and Slow and Nudge groundbreaking New York Times bestsellers, Noise explains how and why humans are so susceptible to noise in judgment—and what we can do about it.
Download or read book Principles and Applications of Random Noise Theory written by Julius S. Bendat and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Chaos in Systems with Noise written by Tomasz Kapitaniak and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1990 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As in the first edition, the influence of random noise on the chaotic behavior of dissipative dynamical systems is investigated. Problems are illustrated by mechanical examples. This revised and updated edition contains new sections on the summary of probability theory, homoclinic chaos, Melnikov method, routes to chaos, stabilization of period-doubling, and Hopf bifurcation by noise. Some chapters have been rewritten and new examples have been added.
Download or read book Noise Oscillators and Algebraic Randomness written by Michel Planat and published by Springer. This book was released on 2008-01-11 with total page 417 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Noise is ubiquitous in nature and in man-made systems. Noise in oscillators perturbs high-technology devices such as time standards or digital communication systems. The understanding of its algebraic structure is thus of vital importance. The book addresses both the measurement methods and the understanding of quantum, 1/f and phase noise in systems such as electronic amplifiers, oscillators and receivers, trapped ions, cosmic ray showers and in commercial applications. A strong link between 1/f noise and number theory is emphasized. The twenty papers in the book are comprehensive versions of talks presented at a school in Chapelle des Bois (Jura, France) held from April 6 to 10, 1999, by engineers, physisicts and mathematicians.
Download or read book Topics In the Theory of Random Noise written by R.L. Stratonovich and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1967-01-01 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In two main sections, this volume covers peaks of random functions and the effects of noise on relays and nonlinear self-excited oscillations in the presence of noise. Includes bibliographic references and index.
Download or read book Noise Oscillators and Algebraic Randomness written by Michel Planat and published by . This book was released on 2014-10-01 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Stochastic Resonance written by Mark D. McDonnell and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2008-10-02 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The stochastic resonance phenomenon has been observed in many forms of systems and has been debated by scientists for 30 years. Applications incorporating aspects of stochastic resonance have yet to prove revolutionary in fields such as distributed sensor networks, nano-electronics, and biomedical prosthetics. The initial chapters review stochastic resonance basics and outline some of the controversies and debates that have surrounded it. The book continues to discuss stochastic quantization in a model where all threshold devices are not necessarily identical, but are still independently noisy. Finally, it considers various constraints and tradeoffs in the performance of stochastic quantizers. Each chapter ends with a review summarizing the main points, and open questions to guide researchers into finding new research directions.
Download or read book Artificial Life and Evolutionary Computation written by Roberto Serra and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2010 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Italian community in Artificial Life and Evolutionary computation has grown remarkably in recent years, and this book is the first broad collection of its major interests and achievements (including contributions from foreign countries). The contributions in Artificial Life as well as in Evolutionary Computation allow one to see the deep connections between the two fields. The topics addressed are extremely relevant for present day research in Artificial Life and in Evolutionary Computation, which include important contributions from very well-known researchers. The volume provides a very broad picture of the Italian activities in this field. Sample Chapter(s). Chapter 1: Cognitive Dynamics in an Automata Gas (906 KB). Contents: Diffusion of Shapes (R S Shaw & N H Packard); FDC-Based Particle Swarm Optimization (A Azzini et al.); An Evolutionary Predictive Approach to Design High Dimensional Experiments (D De March et al.); Prefrontal Cortex and Action Sequences: A Review on Neural Computational Models (I Gaudiello et al.); Bio-Inspired ICT for Evolutionary Emotional Intelligence (M Villamira & P Cipresso); Cooperation in Corvids: A Simulative Study with Evolved Robots (O Miglino et al.); Distributed Processes in a Agent-Based Model of Innovation (L Ansaloni et al.); Imaginary or Actual Artificial Worlds Using a New Tool in the ABM Perspective (P Terna); Dynamics of Interconnected Boolean Networks with Scale-Free Topology (C Damiani et al.); Semi-Synthetical Minimal Cells (P Stano & P L Luisi); and other papers. Readership: Graduate students, academics and researchers in the field of complex systems, artificial intelligence and robotics.
Download or read book Information Processing And Living Systems written by Vladimir B Bajic and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2005-06-01 with total page 799 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Information processing and information flow occur in the course of an organism's development and throughout its lifespan. Organisms do not exist in isolation, but interact with each other constantly within a complex ecosystem. The relationships between organisms, such as those between prey or predator, host and parasite, and between mating partners, are complex and multidimensional. In all cases, there is constant communication and information flow at many levels.This book focuses on information processing by life forms and the use of information technology in understanding them. Readers are first given a comprehensive overview of biocomputing before navigating the complex terrain of natural processing of biological information using physiological and analogous computing models. The remainder of the book deals with “artificial” processing of biological information as a human endeavor in order to derive new knowledge and gain insight into life forms and their functioning. Specific innovative applications and tools for biological discovery are provided as the link and complement to biocomputing.Since “artificial” processing of biological information is complementary to natural processing, a better understanding of the former helps us improve the latter. Consequently, readers are exposed to both domains and, when dealing with biological problems of their interest, will be better equipped to grasp relevant ideas.
Download or read book Nonlinearity in Living Systems Theoretical and Practical Perspectives on Metrics of Physiological Signal Complexity written by Sladjana Spasić and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2019-06-28 with total page 253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The biological basis of physiological signals is incredibly complex. While many types of research certainly appreciate molecular, cellular and systems approach to unravel overall biological complexity, in the recent decades the interest for mathematical and computational characterization of structural and functional basis underlying biological phenomena gain wide popularity among scientists. Nowadays, we witnessed wide range applications of nonlinear quantitative analysis that produced measures such as fractal dimension, power-law scaling, Hurst exponent, Lyapunov exponent, approximate entropy, sample entropy, Lempel–Ziv complexity, as well as other metrics for predictions of onset and progression of many pathological conditions, especially in the central nervous systems (CNS). In this Research Topic, we seek to bring together the recent practical and theoretical advances in the development and application of nonlinear methods or narrower fractal-based methods for characterizing the complex physiological systems at multiple levels of the organization. We will discuss the use of various complexity measures and appropriate parameters for characterizing the variety of physiological signals up to the systems level. There are multiple aims in this topic. The recent advancement in the application of nonlinear methods for both normal and pathological physiological conditions is the first. The second aim is to emphasize the more recent successful attempt to apply these methods across animal species. Finally, a comprehensive understanding of advantages and disadvantages of each method, especially between its mathematical assumptions and real-world applicability, can help to find out what is at stake regarding the above aims and to direct us toward the more fruitful application of nonlinear measures and statistics in physiology and biology in general.
Download or read book Researching Medical Education written by Jennifer Cleland and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2022-12-16 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: RESEARCHING MEDICAL EDUCATION Researching Medical Education is an authoritative guide to excellence in educational research within the healthcare professions presented by the Association for the Study of Medical Education and AMEE. This text provides readers with key foundational knowledge, while introducing a range of theories and how to use them, illustrating a diversity of methods and their use, and giving guidance on practical researcher development. By linking theory, design, and methods across the spectrum of health professions education research, the text supports the improvement of quality, capacity building, and knowledge generation. Researching Medical Education includes contributions from experts and emerging researchers from five continents. The text includes information on: Developing yourself and your practice as a health professions education researcher Methods and methodologies including ethnography/digital ethnography, visual methods, critical discourse analysis, functional and corpus linguistics, critical pedagogy, critical race theory and participatory action research, and educational neuroscience methods Theories including those where relationships between context, environment, people and things matter (e.g., complexity theory, activity theory, sociomateriality, social cognitive theories and participatory practice) and those which are more individually focused (e.g., health behaviour theories, emotions in learning, instructional design, cognitive load theory and deliberate practice) Includes 10 brand new chapters Researching Medical Education is the ideal resource for anyone researching health professions education, from medical school to postgraduate training to continuing professional development. “This is an extraordinary text that combines theory and practice in medical education research. The authors represent the who’s who of medical education research, and their wisdom and insights will help guide novice and experienced researchers alike.” —David M. Irby, Professor Emeritus of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, USA “Research in health professions education is maturing. This is clearly evidenced by the second edition of Researching Medical Education. In 30 chapters this book takes you on an exciting voyage on research theories and research methodologies. This book is a comprehensive resource for anyone engaging in research in health professions education.” — Cees van der Vleuten, former Director of the School of Health Professions Education, Maastricht University, The Netherlands
Download or read book Psyche s Veil written by Terry Marks-Tarlow and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-12-16 with total page 407 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Historically, the language and concepts within clinical theory have been steeped in linear assumptions and reductionist thinking. Because the essence of psychotherapy involves change, Psyche’s Veil suggests that clinical practice is inherently a nonlinear affair. In this book Terry Marks-Tarlow provides therapists with new language, models and metaphors to narrow the divide between theory and practice, while bridging the gap between psychology and the sciences. By applying contemporary perspectives of chaos theory, complexity theory and fractal geometry to clinical practice, the author discards traditional conceptions of health based on ideals of regularity, set points and normative statistics in favour of models that emphasize unique moments, variability, and irregularity. Psyche’s Veil further explores philosophical and spiritual implications of contemporary science for psychotherapy. Written at the interface between artistic, scientific and spiritual aspects of therapy, Psyche’s Veil is a case-based book that aspires to a paradigm shift in how practitioners conceptualize critical ingredients for internal healing. Novel treatment of sophisticated psychoanalytical issues and tie-ins to interpersonal neurobiology make this book appeal to both the specialist practitioner, as well as the generalist reader. .
Download or read book Microbial Communication written by Sarangam Majumdar and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-09-15 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book introduces the concept of bacterial communication systems from a mathematical modeling point of view. It sheds light on the research undertaken in the last three decades, and the mathematical models that have been proposed to understand the underlying mechanism of such systems. These communication systems are related to quorum sensing mechanisms and quorum sensing regulated processes such as biofilm formation, gene expression, bioluminescence, swarming and virulence. The book further describes the phenomenon of noise, and discusses how noise plays a crucial role in gene expression and the quorum sensing circuit operationusing a set of tools like frequency domain analysis, power spectral density, stochastic simulation and the whitening effect. It also explores various aspects of synthetic biology (related to bacterial communication), such as genetic toggle switch, bistable gene regulatory networks, transcriptional repressor systems, pattern formation, synthetic cooperation, predator-prey synthetic systems, dynamical quorum sensing, synchronized quorum of genetic clocks, role of noise in synthetic biology, the Turing test and stochastic Turing test.
Download or read book On the Origins and Dynamics of Biodiversity the Role of Chance written by Alain Pavé and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-07-03 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chance is necessary for living systems – from the cell to organisms, populations, communities and ecosystems. It is at the heart of their evolution and diversity. Long considered contingent on other factors, chance both produces random events in the environment, and is the product of endogenous mechanisms - molecular as well as cellular, demographic and ecological. This is how living things have been able to diversify themselves and survive on the planet. Chance is not something to which Life has been subjected; it is quite simply necessary for Life. The endogenous mechanisms that bring it about are at once the products and the engines of evolution, and they also produce biodiversity. These internal mechanisms – veritable “biological roulettes” - are analogous to the mechanical devices that bring about “physical chance”. They can be modeled by analogous mathematical equations. This open the way of a global modeling of biodiversity dynamics, but we need also to gather quantitative data in both the laboratory setting as well as in the field. By examining biodiversity at all scales and all levels, this book seeks to evaluate the breadth of our knowledge on this topical subject, to propose an integrated look at living things, to assess the role of chance in its dynamics, in the evolutionary processes and also to imagine practical consequences on the management of living systems.
Download or read book How Can Physics Underlie the Mind written by George Ellis and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-05-31 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Physics underlies all complexity, including our own existence: how is this possible? How can our own lives emerge from interactions of electrons, protons, and neutrons? This book considers the interaction of physical and non-physical causation in complex systems such as living beings, and in particular in the human brain, relating this to the emergence of higher levels of complexity with real causal powers. In particular it explores the idea of top-down causation, which is the key effect allowing the emergence of true complexity and also enables the causal efficacy of non-physical entities, including the value of money, social conventions, and ethical choices.
