Download or read book Nitrogen Cycling in the Athabasca Oil Sands Region written by Dayna Lynn Laxton and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Nitrogen Cycling in the Americas Natural and Anthropogenic Influences and Controls written by Luiz A. Martinelli and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-01-19 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in our understanding of the nitrogen cycle and the impact of anthropogenic activities on regional to global scales depend on the expansion of scientific studies to these fast-developing regions. This book presents a series of studies from across the Americas whose aim is to highlight key natural processes that control nitrogen cycling as well as discuss the main anthropogenic influences on the nitrogen cycle in both the tropical and temperate regions of the Americas.

Download or read book Nitrogen Cycling Processes and Microbial Communities in Reconstructed Oil sands Soils written by Jacynthe Masse and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Alberta Oil Sands written by and published by Newnes. This book was released on 2012-11-07 with total page 569 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At 170 billion barrels, Canada's Oil Sands are the third largest reserves of developable oil in the world. The Oil Sands now produce about 1.6 million barrels per day, with production expected to double by 2025 to about 3.7 million barrels per day. The Athabasca Oil Sands Region (AOSR) in northeastern Alberta is the largest of the three oil sands deposits. Bitumen in the oil sands is recovered through one of two primary methods – mining and drilling. About 20 per cent of the reserves are close to the surface and can be mined using large shovels and trucks. Of concern are the effects of the industrial development on the environment. Both human-made and natural sources emit oxides of sulphur and nitrogen, trace elements and persistent organic compounds. Of additional concern are ground level ozone and greenhouse gases. Because of the requirement on operators to comply with the air quality regulatory policies, and to address public concerns, the not-for-profit, multi-stakeholder Wood Buffalo Environmental Association (WBEA) has since 1997 been closely monitoring air quality in AOSR. In 2008, WBEA assembled a distinguished group of international scientists who have been conducting measurements and practical research on various aspects of air emissions and their potential effects on terrestrial receptors. This book is a synthesis of the concepts and results of those on-going studies. It contains 19 chapters ranging from a global perspective of energy production, measurement methodologies and behavior of various air pollutants during fossil fuel production in a boreal forest ecosystem, towards designing and deploying a multi-disciplinary, proactive, and long-term environmental monitoring system that will also meet regulatory expectations. Covers measurement of emissions from very large industrial sources in a region with huge international media profile Validation of measurement technologies can be applied globally The new approaches to ecological monitoring described can be applied in other forested regions

Download or read book Soil Constraints and Productivity written by Nanthi Bolan and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2023-05-29 with total page 635 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Identifying, interpreting, and managing soil constraints are major challenges, especially when multiple constraints occur in the same soil at various depth zones. Although amelioration tools and strategies are available to manage some of these constraints, field adoption of these technologies is a major challenge to the farming community. Soil Constraints and Productivity helps in identifying and understanding soil constraints, focusing on management practices to alleviate problems associated with these restrictions, and their impacts on crop productivity. Soil Constraints and Productivity aims to: Describe various strategies suitable for mitigating soil constraints Provide data on cost-benefit analysis of managing soil constraints Provide case studies of managing soil constraints to increase productivity Soil is essential for the doubling of major grain production proposed to be necessary to avoid major food security collapses in the future. This book will be a key resource for soil and environmental scientists, farmers, students majoring in agricultural and environmental sciences, and crop consultants.

Download or read book Nitrogen Plant and Microbial Community Dynamics in Sites Recovering from Wildfire and Surface Mining in the Athabasca Oil Sands Region written by Jillian M. Martin and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For reclamation to be considered successful, an ecosystem must be self-sustaining and have a recovery trajectory that falls within the range of variability of ecosystem function in natural ecosystems. This study compared the soil nitrogen availability, soil microbial community, and understory vegetation following natural (wildfire) disturbance and anthropogenic (reclamation) disturbance, in the Athabasca Oil Sands Region. Eleven natural (aged 2-131 years) and five reclaimed sites (aged 4-27 years) from upland aspen/ spruce stands were compared. Soil available nitrogen was assessed in-situ with ionic resin capsules and potentially mineralizable nitrogen was determined by anaerobic incubation. Microbial respiration was measured as an indicator of activity, and microbial community fingerprints and biomass were determined using phospholipid fatty acid analysis. The vegetation was characterized by canopy cover, plant functional group, and composition survey at the genus level. No significant difference for nitrate or ammonium availability was observed at the site level; however, there were trends with time and canopy cover. The potentially mineralizable nitrogen trend with time was much higher on the natural sites than the reclaimed sites. Non-metric multi-dimensional scaling ordinations of the soil microbial community and understory vegetation composition revealed that reclaimed and unburned sites had significantly different communities with a low degree of similarity. The burned sites (aged 2-39 years) were more variable and bridged the difference between the reclaimed and mature sites. The microbial community of the oldest reclaimed sites were most similar to naturally disturbed sites. This work shows that young naturally disturbed sites may be a more relevant comparison when evaluating reclamation trajectory than mature stands.

Download or read book Ecological Response of Atmospheric Nitrogen Deposition on Reconstructed Soils in the Athabasca Oil Sands Region written by Tyrel Hemsley and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Restoration and Reclamation of Boreal Ecosystems written by Dale Vitt and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-09-20 with total page 427 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Boreal ecosystems contain one-third of the world's forests and stored carbon, but these regions are under increasing threat from both natural and anthropogenic disturbances. Written by leaders from the forefront of private, public and academic sectors, Restoration and Reclamation of Boreal Ecosystems emphasises a broad, conceptual approach to the specific application of empirical research into development planning, restoration and modelling of these ecosystems. The importance of this is highlighted at a time of global climate change, as these ecosystems act as carbon sinks. There is a focus on the reclamation of exploited ecosystems from a holistic standpoint, ranging from environmental and edaphic variables to the restoration of keystone flora. Recent advances in quantification of ecosystem services, such as habitat suitability and carbon storage modelling, are also detailed. The book contains case-studies which address how both historical and novel assemblages can provide ecosystem stability under projected climatic and land-use scenarios.

Download or read book Lichens as Pollution Monitors written by David L. Hawksworth and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 59 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Atmospheric Nitrogen Deposition to Global Forests written by Enzai Du and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2023-10-22 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Atmospheric Nitrogen Deposition in Global Forests: Spatial Variation, Impacts, and Management Implications provides the most comprehensive knowledge on spatial variation and ecological impacts of reactive nitrogen deposition in global forests, as well as forest management options to mitigate the negative impacts. Written and edited by international experts in the field, this book synthesizes recent research developments and insights in monitoring and modeling nitrogen deposition in global forests. The book also assesses ecological impacts of enhanced nitrogen deposition on forest structure and function and responses of forest ecosystems to decreasing nitrogen deposition in regions such as the European Union and North America. Finally, the book reviews indicators and thresholds for nitrogen saturation in global forests and analyzes remediation options to reduce impacts of excess nitrogen deposition. This is an important resource for researchers in forestry and biodiversity conservation, as well as graduate students, policymakers and others who want to understand environmental issues of reactive nitrogen deposition in global forests. Offers a systematic view of the ecological impacts of enhanced nitrogen deposition Provides the most comprehensive knowledge on spatial variation and the ecological impacts of reactive nitrogen deposition in global forests Presents expert research and findings on forest management options to remediate negative impacts

Download or read book Dissolved Organic Carbon Production and Transport in a Constructed Watershed in the Athabasca Oil Sands Region Alberta written by Sarah Irvine and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 105 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Within the Western Boreal Plains, a significant amount of surface cover has been removed through open-pit oil sands mining activities, which includes fen peatlands. Fen construction has been performed on the post-oil sands mined landscape, with the goal of returning ecohydrologic function such that the fen may become a carbon sink. Early results from studies within the Nikanotee Fen watershed indicate that groundwater is directed from the upland towards the fen, which has become a carbon sink. Work within the carbon budget includes dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and early post-succession concentrations and quality have been compared to natural analogues within the region. It was determined that initial conditions do not resemble that of reference sites; DOC concentrations were lower at the constructed site, and DOC appeared large and aromatic. However, DOC quantity and quality may shift as vegetation becomes established on the fen. However, no work has been done to determine the importance of other DOC sources in relation to both DOC dynamics within the fen, and how all DOC sources interact to affect DOC export quantity and quality. DOC export is typically highest in wetland-dominated watersheds, and can have important impacts on nutrient cycling, metal mobility, acidity, and availability of organics downstream. Therefore, it is important to ascertain if vegetation has become an important DOC source, and to consider hydrologic sources of DOC as well. This will be important when determining the best strategies for fen integration into a larger landscape. For this research, DOC concentration, flux, and quality was assessed through all sources within the watershed, to determine the relative importance of each input for determining DOC export from the site. DOC concentration and quality within the fen was then compared to reference sites, to assess the evolution of DOC sources post-construction. Water sampling occurred from May-August, 2015 in and July-August in 2016. It was determined that hydrological fluxes represented minimal inputs to the fen compared to the net production from vegetation, specifically as root exudates. However, when compared to reference sites, the constructed fen displayed less variability in its sources of DOC, whereas natural analogues displayed characteristics of both vegetation and microbially-sourced DOC. This is unlikely to change until mosses become dominant on site, or peat accumulation occurs. When considering all hydrological sources of DOC, groundwater represented the largest in 2015, while precipitation was the largest input in 2016. DOC concentration from each input did not significantly vary seasonally or by event size, therefore DOC fluxes were dependent on the volume of water mobilised. Yet, DOC quality varied substantially between sources. Both 2015 and early 2016 received less than average precipitation, this limited groundwater recharge and runoff in 2015. In wetter years, hydrologic inputs would increase, however will still be considerably less than the net production within the fen. This is evident when analyzing DOC quality at the outflow; DOC quality most resembled that in the fen. Total DOC export was limited, due to dry conditions. As DOC export only occurs through surface flow, dry conditions limited surface runoff within the fen, also promoting DOC accumulation. It is unlikely that hydrologic inputs will increase enough to represent a significant portion of the DOC budget in the fen even in wet years, therefore when the outflow is situated adjacent to the fen, monitoring should be most intensive within the fen. However, in constructed watersheds that do not contain wetlands, it will be important to monitor each contributing area to determine which areas within the watershed represent important DOC fluxes downstream, and how the DOC quality from each source may impact downstream biogeochemical dynamics.

Download or read book Implications of Shallow Groundwater and Surface Water Connections for Nitrogen Movement in Typical Boreal Plain Landscapes written by Amy Vallarino and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis examines both surface water and shallow groundwater connections in boreal watersheds at two study sites in the Athabasca Oil Sands Region using conventional hydrological techniques as well as stable water isotope techniques. Increased emissions due to oil sands development are expected to contribute significantly to acidifying airborne emissions. Specifically, nitrogen is forecasted to be deposited on the surrounding area within approximately 100 km of operations. The purpose of the research is to provide background information for predicting how individual terrain units such as fens, bogs, and uplands will respond to increased nitrogen loads, and to assess whether or not these units will act as sources or sinks of nitrogen under higher nitrogen deposition.Two study sites situated within 100 km of Fort McMurray, Alberta were instrumented with a total of 30 nested piezometers, 26 water table wells, 4 micro-meteorological stations, and two gauging stations (weirs) at outflow points. Monitoring occurred during the open water season of 2011 and 2012. This study estimates evaporation through a simplified energy balance, documents hydraulic conductivity of shallow aquifers, utilizes stable isotopes of water to assist in mapping seasonal flow patterns, and calculates a vertical water balance for the sites. Bogs and fens were hydrologically connected, as bogs fed fens laterally at shallow depths within the acrotelm during wet years. Upland terrain units were found to have more variable connections. In spring, upland runoff recharged the wetlands at both sites. At JPH groundwater flowed towards the fen, whereas in ML limited connections were observed between the uplands and the fen. Also, no connections were seen to indicate that the wetlands recharged the uplands. A conceptual model is developed that emphasizes the role of connectivity in the boreal landscape. The main implication for nitrogen cycling is that it is difficult to quantify one landscape as a source or sink for additional nitrogen as its role may vary depending on seasonality and temporal scales. Further work is needed to identify if nitrogen loadings will have adverse affects on geochemistry of water at the sites.

Download or read book Nitrogen Transport and Connectivity in Two Wetland rich Boreal Sites in the Athabasca Oil Sands Region Canada written by Mikaela Cherry and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Development of the Athabasca Oil Sands Region (AOSR) has increased atmospheric nitrogen emissions, a trend which is expected to increase in the future. The area surrounding development is comprised of Boreal upland forests and peatlands. Improved understanding of the hydrological connectivity between Boreal peatlands and uplands is needed to predict the fate and transport of atmospheric N deposited across the region. Two field sites: Jack Pine High (JPH, located 45 km north of Fort McMurray) and Mariana Lakes (ML, located 100 km south of Fort McMurray) were instrumented with piezometers nests and water table wells for this study (n= 108 sampling locations). The wells were placed along transects that cover target landscape units (bog, fen, upland). Wells were sampled for water isotopes and geochemical parameters during the summers of 2011-2014 to characterize the baseline geochemistry of groundwater in the different landscape units.

Download or read book Future Oceans Under Multiple Stressors From Global Change to Anthropogenic Impact written by Erik Olsen and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-12-30 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact.

Download or read book Canadian Journal of Forest Research written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Remote Sensing for Environmental Monitoring written by Samy Ismail Elmahdy and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2024-02-14 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advancements in object-based image analysis, commercial high-resolution satellite sensors, and unmanned aerial vehicles, there is growing interest in studying terrestrial, pollution, catastrophe, and ocean dynamics using a range of high-resolution remote sensing data (UAV). High and extremely high-resolution optical and microwave images enable the extraction of more information from a variety of resource management domains, including agriculture, forestry, geological resources, water resources, cryosphere, atmosphere, and analytics for climate change. Researchers have started utilizing advanced techniques for fine-level information extraction, new sensors and platforms, improved quantification, and characterization of physical environments, patterns, and processes. High-quality articles addressing the use and application of remote sensing in environmental studies will be published in this Research Topic.

Download or read book A Dynamic Modelling Assessment of the Chemical Response of Soils and Surface Waters to Changes in Sulphur and Nitrogen Deposition in the Athabasca Oil Sands Region written by Colin J. Whitfield and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: