Download or read book Beyond the Molecular Frontier written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-03-19 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chemistry and chemical engineering have changed significantly in the last decade. They have broadened their scopeâ€"into biology, nanotechnology, materials science, computation, and advanced methods of process systems engineering and controlâ€"so much that the programs in most chemistry and chemical engineering departments now barely resemble the classical notion of chemistry. Beyond the Molecular Frontier brings together research, discovery, and invention across the entire spectrum of the chemical sciencesâ€"from fundamental, molecular-level chemistry to large-scale chemical processing technology. This reflects the way the field has evolved, the synergy at universities between research and education in chemistry and chemical engineering, and the way chemists and chemical engineers work together in industry. The astonishing developments in science and engineering during the 20th century have made it possible to dream of new goals that might previously have been considered unthinkable. This book identifies the key opportunities and challenges for the chemical sciences, from basic research to societal needs and from terrorism defense to environmental protection, and it looks at the ways in which chemists and chemical engineers can work together to contribute to an improved future.

Download or read book Biodefense in the Age of Synthetic Biology written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2019-01-05 with total page 189 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scientific advances over the past several decades have accelerated the ability to engineer existing organisms and to potentially create novel ones not found in nature. Synthetic biology, which collectively refers to concepts, approaches, and tools that enable the modification or creation of biological organisms, is being pursued overwhelmingly for beneficial purposes ranging from reducing the burden of disease to improving agricultural yields to remediating pollution. Although the contributions synthetic biology can make in these and other areas hold great promise, it is also possible to imagine malicious uses that could threaten U.S. citizens and military personnel. Making informed decisions about how to address such concerns requires a realistic assessment of the capabilities that could be misused. Biodefense in the Age of Synthetic Biology explores and envisions potential misuses of synthetic biology. This report develops a framework to guide an assessment of the security concerns related to advances in synthetic biology, assesses the levels of concern warranted for such advances, and identifies options that could help mitigate those concerns.

Download or read book Industrialization of Biology written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2015-06-29 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The tremendous progress in biology over the last half century - from Watson and Crick's elucidation of the structure of DNA to today's astonishing, rapid progress in the field of synthetic biology - has positioned us for significant innovation in chemical production. New bio-based chemicals, improved public health through improved drugs and diagnostics, and biofuels that reduce our dependency on oil are all results of research and innovation in the biological sciences. In the past decade, we have witnessed major advances made possible by biotechnology in areas such as rapid, low-cost DNA sequencing, metabolic engineering, and high-throughput screening. The manufacturing of chemicals using biological synthesis and engineering could expand even faster. A proactive strategy - implemented through the development of a technical roadmap similar to those that enabled sustained growth in the semiconductor industry and our explorations of space - is needed if we are to realize the widespread benefits of accelerating the industrialization of biology. Industrialization of Biology presents such a roadmap to achieve key technical milestones for chemical manufacturing through biological routes. This report examines the technical, economic, and societal factors that limit the adoption of bioprocessing in the chemical industry today and which, if surmounted, would markedly accelerate the advanced manufacturing of chemicals via industrial biotechnology. Working at the interface of synthetic chemistry, metabolic engineering, molecular biology, and synthetic biology, Industrialization of Biology identifies key technical goals for next-generation chemical manufacturing, then identifies the gaps in knowledge, tools, techniques, and systems required to meet those goals, and targets and timelines for achieving them. This report also considers the skills necessary to accomplish the roadmap goals, and what training opportunities are required to produce the cadre of skilled scientists and engineers needed.

Download or read book The Science and Applications of Synthetic and Systems Biology written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-12-30 with total page 570 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many potential applications of synthetic and systems biology are relevant to the challenges associated with the detection, surveillance, and responses to emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases. On March 14 and 15, 2011, the Institute of Medicine's (IOM's) Forum on Microbial Threats convened a public workshop in Washington, DC, to explore the current state of the science of synthetic biology, including its dependency on systems biology; discussed the different approaches that scientists are taking to engineer, or reengineer, biological systems; and discussed how the tools and approaches of synthetic and systems biology were being applied to mitigate the risks associated with emerging infectious diseases. The Science and Applications of Synthetic and Systems Biology is organized into sections as a topic-by-topic distillation of the presentations and discussions that took place at the workshop. Its purpose is to present information from relevant experience, to delineate a range of pivotal issues and their respective challenges, and to offer differing perspectives on the topic as discussed and described by the workshop participants. This report also includes a collection of individually authored papers and commentary.

Download or read book Metal Nanocrystals written by Kallum M. Koczkur and published by American Chemical Society. This book was released on 2020-07-31 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our society depends heavily on metals. They are ubiquitous construction materials, critical interconnects in integrated circuits, common coinage materials, and more. Excitingly, new uses for metals are emerging with the advent of nanoscience, as metal crystals with nanoscale dimensions can display new and tunable properties. The optical and photothermal properties of metal nanocrystals have led to cancer diagnosis and treatment platforms now in clinical trials, while, at the same time, the ability to tune the surface features of metal nanocrystals is giving rise to designer catalysts that enable more sustainable use of precious resources. These are just two examples of how metal nanocrystals are addressing important social needs.

Download or read book Synthetic Biology written by Huimin Zhao and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-03-21 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Synthetic Biology provides a framework to examine key enabling components in the emerging area of synthetic biology. Chapters contributed by leaders in the field address tools and methodologies developed for engineering biological systems at many levels, including molecular, pathway, network, whole cell, and multi-cell levels. The book highlights exciting practical applications of synthetic biology such as microbial production of biofuels and drugs, artificial cells, synthetic viruses, and artificial photosynthesis. The roles of computers and computational design are discussed, as well as future prospects in the field, including cell-free synthetic biology and engineering synthetic ecosystems.Synthetic biology is the design and construction of new biological entities, such as enzymes, genetic circuits, and cells, or the redesign of existing biological systems. It builds on the advances in molecular, cell, and systems biology and seeks to transform biology in the same way that synthesis transformed chemistry and integrated circuit design transformed computing. The element that distinguishes synthetic biology from traditional molecular and cellular biology is the focus on the design and construction of core components that can be modeled, understood, and tuned to meet specific performance criteria and the assembly of these smaller parts and devices into larger integrated systems that solve specific biotechnology problems. - Includes contributions from leaders in the field presents examples of ambitious synthetic biology efforts including creation of artificial cells from scratch, cell-free synthesis of chemicals, fuels, and proteins, engineering of artificial photosynthesis for biofuels production, and creation of unnatural living organisms - Describes the latest state-of-the-art tools developed for low-cost synthesis of ever-increasing sizes of DNA and efficient modification of proteins, pathways, and genomes - Highlights key technologies for analyzing biological systems at the genomic, proteomic, and metabolomic levels which are especially valuable in pathway, whole cell, and multi-cell applications - Details mathematical modeling tools and computational tools which can dramatically increase the speed of the design process as well as reduce the cost of development

Download or read book Modern Inorganic Synthetic Chemistry written by Ruren Xu and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-01-13 with total page 612 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The contributors to this book discuss inorganic synthesis reactions, dealing with inorganic synthesis and preparative chemistry under specific conditions. They go on to describe the synthesis, preparation and assembly of six important categories of compounds with wide coverage of distinct synthetic chemistry systems

Download or read book Plant Synthetic Biology written by Matias D. Zurbriggen and published by Humana. This book was released on 2022-02-22 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume provides methods on different aspects and applications on plants, algae, photosynthetic bacteria, synthetic construct design, and multiplex cloning. Chapters cover multiple aspects of synthetic metabolic, photosynthetic systems, metabolic and signaling pathways, advanced engineering of metabolic networks, isolation of organelles and co-culture of microorganisms, and methods for the on command manipulation of the relative stability of proteins. Written in the format of the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, each chapter includes an introduction to the topic, lists necessary materials and reagents, includes tips on troubleshooting and known pitfalls, and step-by-step, readily reproducible protocols. Authoritative and cutting-edge, Plant Synthetic Biology: Methods and Protocols aims to be a useful resource for both researchers starting to explore novel experimental avenues as well as for experts willing to expand their portfolio of tools and strategies.

Download or read book Synthetic Metabolic Pathways written by Michael Krogh Jensen and published by Humana Press. This book was released on 2017-11-24 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume outlines key steps associated with the design, building, and testing of synthetic metabolic pathways for optimal cell factory performance and robustness, and illustrates how data-driven learning from these steps can be used for rational cost-effective engineering of cell factories with improved performance. Chapters are divided into four sections focusing on the four steps of the iterative design-build-test-learn cycle related to modern cell factory engineering. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, Synthetic Metabolic Pathways: Methods and Protocols aims to ensure successful results in the further study of this vital field.

Download or read book New Frontiers and Applications of Synthetic Biology written by Vijai Singh and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2022-01-12 with total page 487 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New Frontiers and Applications of Synthetic Biology presents a collection of chapters from eminent synthetic biologists across the globe who have established experience and expertise working with synthetic biology. This book offers several important areas of synthetic biology which allow us to read and understand easily. It covers the introduction of synthetic biology and design of promoter, new DNA synthesis and sequencing technology, genome assembly, minimal cells, small synthetic RNA, directed evolution, protein engineering, computational tools, de novo synthesis, phage engineering, a sensor for microorganisms, next-generation diagnostic tools, CRISPR-Cas systems, and more. This book is a good source for not only researchers in designing synthetic biology, but also for researchers, students, synthetic biologists, metabolic engineers, genome engineers, clinicians, industrialists, stakeholders and policymakers interested in harnessing the potential of synthetic biology in many areas. - Offers basic understanding and knowledge in several aspects of synthetic biology - Covers state-of-the-art tools and technologies of synthetic biology, including promoter design, DNA synthesis, DNA sequencing, genome design, directed evolution, protein engineering, computational tools, phage design, CRISPR-Cas systems, and more - Discusses the applications of synthetic biology for smart drugs, vaccines, therapeutics, drug discovery, self-assembled materials, cell free systems, microfluidics, and more

Download or read book Classics in Total Synthesis written by K. C. Nicolaou and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1996-04-11 with total page 826 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: K.C. Nicolaou - Winner of the Nemitsas Prize 2014 in Chemistry This book is a must for every synthetic chemist. With didactic skill and clarity, K. C. Nicolaou and E. Sorensen present the most remarkable and ingenious total syntheses from outstanding synthetic organic chemists. To make the complex strategies more accessible, especially to the novice, each total synthesis is analyzed retrosynthetically. The authors then carefully explain each synthetic step and give hints on alternative methods and potential pitfalls. Numerous references to useful reviews and the original literature make this book an indispensable source of further information. Special emphasis is placed on the skillful use of graphics and schemes: Retrosynthetic analyses, reaction sequences, and stereochemically crucial steps are presented in boxed sections within the text. For easy reference, key intermediates are also shown in the margins. Graduate students and researchers alike will find this book a gold mine of useful information essential for their daily work. Every synthetic organic chemist will want to have a copy on his or her desk.

Download or read book Evolution of Synthetic Pathways written by Tse-Lok Ho and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1996 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Organic synthesis is essential to creating new materials. While synthetic design has reached a high level of sophistication, many details remain unplannable. To become proficient in organic synthesis, one must study case histories in the same way as a lawyer does. Attention must be paid to overcoming stumbling blocks as one prepares himself to meet future challenges of similar kinds. This book discusses many important syntheses, with emphasis on the need for detours and ways leading back to the main pathways. It thus focuses on one of the most important aspects of organic synthesis, which virtually none of the synoptic literature addresses.

Download or read book Practical Synthetic Organic Chemistry written by Stéphane Caron and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-07-26 with total page 870 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A hands-on guide to assist in the planning and execution of synthetic reactions in the laboratory Despite the maturity of organic chemistry, it can still be very challenging to identify optimal methods for synthetic transformations that perform as well in real-world manufacturing processes as they do in the laboratory. This detailed and accessible guide attempts to address this vexing issue and deliver proven methodologies practicing synthetic chemists will find valuable for identifying reaction conditions that work reliably over the broadest possible range of substrates. Practical Synthetic Organic Chemistry: Provides a practical guide to strategically planning and executing chemical syntheses for the bench chemist in industry Discusses information that is not common knowledge beyond the boundaries of process chemistry groups, such as the synthetic routes of selected contemporary pharmaceutical drugs and practical solvents, as well as green chemistry concepts Highlights key reactions, including substitutions, additions, eliminations, rearrangements, oxidations, and reductions Addresses basic principles, mechanisms, advantages and disadvantages of the methodology, and techniques for achieving laboratory success Incorporating such an extraordinary wealth of information on organic chemistry and its related fields into one complete volume distinguishes Practical Synthetic Organic Chemistry as an incomparable desktop reference for professionals and an invaluable study aid for students.

Download or read book Modern NMR Techniques for Synthetic Chemistry written by Julie Fisher and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-10-13 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A blend of theory and practical advice, Modern NMR Techniques for Synthetic Chemistry illustrates how NMR spectroscopy can be used to determine the abundance, size, shape, and function of organic molecules. It provides you with a description the NMR technique used (more pictorial than mathematical), indicating the most common pulse sequences, some practical information as appropriate, followed by illustrative examples. This format is followed for each chapter so you can skip the more theoretical details if the practical aspects are what interest you. Following a discussion of basic parameters, the book describes the utility of NMR in detecting and quantifying dynamic processes, with particular emphasis on the usefulness of saturation-transfer (STD) techniques. It details pulsed–field gradient approaches to diffusion measurement, diffusion models, and approaches to ‘inorganic’ nuclei detection, important as many synthetic pathways to new organics involve heavier elements. The text concludes with coverage of applications of NMR to the analysis of complex mixtures, natural products, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids—all areas of activity for researchers working at the chemistry-life sciences interface. The book’s unique format provides some theoretical insight into the NMR technique used, indicating the most common pulse sequences. The book draws upon several NMR methods that are resurging or currently hot in the field and indicates the specific pulse sequence used by various spectrometer manufacturers for each technique. It examines the analysis of complex mixtures, a feature not found in most books on this topic.

Download or read book Total Synthesis of Natural Products written by Jie Jack Li and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-14 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'Total Synthesis of Natural Products' is written and edited by some of today's leaders in organic chemistry. Eleven chapters cover a range of natural products, from steroids to alkaloids. Each chapter contains an introduction to the natural product in question, descriptions of its biological and pharmacological properties and outlines of total synthesis procedures already carried out. Particular emphasis is placed on novel methodologies developed by the respective authors and their research groups. This text is ideal for graduate and advanced undergraduate students, as well as organic chemists in academia and industry.

Download or read book Synthetic Biology Metabolic Engineering written by Huimin Zhao and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-10-27 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book review series presents current trends in modern biotechnology. The aim is to cover all aspects of this interdisciplinary technology where knowledge, methods and expertise are required from chemistry, biochemistry, microbiology, genetics, chemical engineering and computer science. Volumes are organized topically and provide a comprehensive discussion of developments in the respective field over the past 3-5 years. The series also discusses new discoveries and applications. Special volumes are dedicated to selected topics which focus on new biotechnological products and new processes for their synthesis and purification. In general, special volumes are edited by well-known guest editors. The series editor and publisher will however always be pleased to receive suggestions and supplementary information. Manuscripts are accepted in English.

Download or read book Enzymes in Synthetic Biology written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-08-30 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume 608 of the series Methods in Enzymology covers key aspects of enzyme discovery, engineering tools and platforms, and examples of applications in the enzymology of synthetic biology. Detailed methods for laboratory use of enzymes in synthetic biology applications Informative case history examples illustrating how enzyme and metabolic engineering are used to generate new products Emphasises latest developments in laboratory automation for the engineering of biology Covers many aspects of the design, build, test, learn cycle used in synthetic biology