Download or read book New Avenues to Hybrid Polymer Inorganic Nanoparticle Materials Using Surface Initiated Ring Opening Metathesis Polymerization and Reaction Induced Phase Transitions written by Jacob LaNasa and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hybrid materials made from polymer and inorganic nanoparticles offer functionality that assists in creating advanced materials by either reinforcing existing polymer properties, or by introducing inorganic material properties. As a result, these hybrids can be tailored for use in a number of exciting areas including biomedical tissue engineering, energy storage, and high temperature applications where specific properties are desired. The material processing and resulting dispersion state of the inorganic nanoparticles within the polymer phase are critical and non-trivial considerations that influence the expression of enhanced properties, and need to be carefully addressed for desirable performance. An effective strategy for controlling dispersion in hybrid materials is to modify the nanoparticle surface with ligands or polymer chains. However, many established surface-initiated polymerization techniques yield a subset of graft chemistries that do not favorably interact with polyolefins used widely across consumer and industrial materials. To expand the versatility of polymer-grafted nanoparticles, a surface-initiated ring-open- ing metathesis polymerization (SI-ROMP) technique was developed to graft unsaturated backbones from particle surfaces. Strategies to quantify and mitigate unfavorable chain transfer during polymerization were utilized, as chain transfer is a key obstacle to SI- ROMP implementation. In addition, the unsaturated polymer backbones obtained with SI-ROMP were hydrogenated to drive crystallization from the particle surface or functionalized with macromolecules to access non-linear bottlebrush graft architectures. The versatility of these new capabilities enhance polymer-grafted nanoparticle functionality, structural conformation, and thermal response and can be used to influence properties in new and advanced materials. In addition, a new processing method termed a reaction-induced phase transition (RIPT) was developed to stabilize polymer-functionalized nanoparticles in polymer matrices and dictate dispersion state. Surface-functionalized nanoparticles can be easily dispersed within a polymer matrix though an in situ polymerization where nanoparticles are initially well-solubilized in a monomer solution prior to polymerization. The in situ polymerization arrests particle mobility as the matrix increases in chain length. During this process, particles are stabilized or driven to phase separate based on thermodynamic interactions between the matrix and the functional surface ligand. This method incorporates scalable polymerization processes to develop well-dispersed hybrid polymer/inorganic nanoparticle materials at a bulk scale. The development of these methods create new avenues to improved particle dispersion needed for advance material design.

Download or read book Nanoparticle Modifications with Surface Initiated Polymerization Via Organometallic Catalysts written by Fatma Vatansever and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Well Defined Polymer Nanoparticle Hybrid Materials by Surface Initiated Polymerization from Silica Supports written by Mark Anderson Jordi and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 618 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Polymer Materials written by Kwang-Sup Lee and published by Springer. This book was released on 2010-08-12 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: -On the Mechanisms Leading to Exfoliated Nanocomposites Prepared by Mixing By C. D. Han -Phase Behavior and Phase Transitions in AB- and ABA-type Microphase-Separated Block Copolymers By J. K. Kim, C. D. Han -New Class Materials of Organic–Inorganic Hybridized Nanocrystals/Nanoparticles, and Their Assembled Microand Nano-Structure Toward Photonics By H. Oikawa, T. Onodera, A. Masuhara, H. Kasai, H. Nakanishi -Poly(substituted Methylene) Synthesis: Construction of C–C Main Chain from One Carbon Unit By E. Ihara

Download or read book Surface initiated Ring opening Metathesis Polymerization written by Carlos Andres Escobar and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 167 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Polymer based Nanostructures for the Targeted Delivery of Bioactive Agents from Ring opening Metathesis Polymerization written by Paul Anthony Bertin and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Efforts toward interfacing multifunctional polymer architectures with silicon-based devices have also been described. Hybrid organic-inorganic polymer nanostructures were prepared through surface-initiated ROMP from local field-induced oxide (FIO) patterns drawn on hydrogen-passivated Si(111) surfaces using an atomic force microscope (AFM).

Download or read book Smart Nanohybrids of RAFT Polymers and Inorganic Particles written by Bastian Ebeling and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-04-27 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This doctoral thesis explains the synthesis and characterization of novel, smart hybrid nanomaterials. Bastian Ebeling combines in this work synthetic polymers with inorganic nanoparticles from silica or gold. The first chapters offer a comprehensive introduction to basics of polymer science and the applied methodologies. In following chapters, the author describes in detail how he systematically tailored the polymers using reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization (RAFT) for combination with inorganic nanoparticles. This work also unravels mechanistic, thermodynamic, and structural aspects of all building blocks and reaction steps. The method described here is simple to perform and opens up pathways to new sets of nanohybrid materials with potential applications as sensors, in energy conversion, or catalysis. Readers will find a unique picture of the step-by step formation of new complex nanomaterials. It offers polymer scientists a systematic guide to the formation and synthesis of a new class of responsive nanomaterials.

Download or read book Polymer and Polymer Hybrid Nanoparticles written by Stanislav Rangelov and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2013-08-28 with total page 504 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Polymeric and hybrid nanoparticles have received increased scientific interest in terms of basic research as well as commercial applications, promising a variety of uses for nanostructures in fields including bionanotechnology and medicine. Condensing the relevant research into a comprehensive reference, Polymer and Polymer-Hybrid Nanoparticles: From Synthesis to Biomedical Applications covers an array of topics from synthetic procedures and macromolecular design to possible biomedical applications of nanoparticles and materials based on original and unique polymers. The book presents a well-rounded picture of objects ranging from simple polymeric micelles to complex hybrid polymer-based nanostructures, detailing synthetic procedures, techniques for characterization and analysis, properties, and behavior in selective solvents and dispersions. Each chapter contains background and introductory information, summarizing generalities on the nanosystems being discussed. The chapters also describe representative works of experts and provide in-depth, focused discussions. The authors present current knowledge on the following topics: Designed synthesis of functional polymers Construction of block copolymer micellar and nonmicellar self-assembled structures Construction of organic–organic hybrid nanosized particles Construction of organic–inorganic hybrid nanoparticles and nanoassemblies The final chapter addresses biological applications of polymeric nanoparticles, including delivery of low-molecular-weight drugs, macromolecular drugs, imaging and diagnostics, and photodynamic therapy. Summarizing important developments in the field, the authors condense relevant research into a comprehensive resource.

Download or read book Polymer inorganic Hybrid Materials written by Hitesh Arora and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Polymers are soft macromolecules that can be structured and designed according to the need. The properties of these materials, however, are often limited due to purely organic nature of these macromolecules. Addition of an inorganic material into the polymer, however, results in a hybrid material with improved properties that are a combination of its constituents. In this dissertation, formation, processing, characterization and applications of two different polymer-inorganic hybrid systems are discussed, where order and dynamics of the hybrid material is driven by the polymer thermodynamics. The first system combines the block copolymer selfassembly with functional inorganic nanoparticles to generate nanostructured and nanoporous thin films. The order in the nanoporous thin films is determined by quantitative image analysis. Nanoporous films are used as templates to generate epitaxial and heteroepitaxial single crystalline nanostructures on silicon substrates. The single crystalline nanostructures are characterized through various microscopy and diffraction techniques to determine the lateral order, crystal structure and orientation of the resulting nanostructures on the substrate. The second system combines a thermoresponsive polymer with charged clay nanoparticles to form hybrid hydrogels with improved mechanical properties. Additional porosity is induced into the gels for faster swelling kinetics. The resulting super-porous hybrid gels are used in a device that induces directed motion by inducing the volume phase transition locally and propagating the volume phase transitions through the length of the gel.

Download or read book Poly ionic Liquid Thin Films Via Surface initiated Ring opening Metathesis Polymerization written by Ian Gitata Njoroge and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Self Healing Polymers written by Wolfgang H. Binder and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-03-29 with total page 638 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Self-healing is a well-known phenomenon in nature: a broken bone merges after some time and if skin is damaged, the wound will stop bleeding and heals again. This concept can be mimicked in order to create polymeric materials with the ability to regenerate after they have suffered degradation or wear. Already realized applications are used in aerospace engineering, and current research in this fascinating field shows how different self-healing mechanisms proven successful by nature can be adapted to produce even more versatile materials. The book combines the knowledge of an international panel of experts in the field and provides the reader with chemical and physical concepts for self-healing polymers, including aspects of biomimetic processes of healing in nature. It shows how to design self-healing polymers and explains the dynamics in these systems. Different self-healing concepts such as encapsulated systems and supramolecular systems are detailed. Chapters on analysis and friction detection in self-healing polymers and on applications round off the book.

Download or read book Expanding the Scope of Aqueous Ring opening Metathesis Polymerization induced Self assembly ROMPISA written by Spyridon Varlas and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Metathesis chemistry has emerged as versatile technology; facilitating ring-closure reactions, or polymerization under a broad range of reaction conditions. To date, numerous catalysts have been developed which mediate metathesis in aqueous media. However, most reports have involved the laborious preparation of a water-soluble Ru-based catalysts. Often, these modified catalysts exhibit poor performance in water due to slow dissociation of the solubilizing ligands. We recently reported an alternative strategy for conducing ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) in aqueous media. Our strategy involved polymerization of a water-soluble monomer in a water-miscible solvent to produce an active water-soluble catalyst species. Chain-extension of the resulting macrointiator in water proceeded with unprecedented control for all of the monomers tested. This strategy was further extended to prepare various nanoparticle morphologies in water via ring-opening metathesis polymerization-induced self-assembly (ROMPISA). To date, few compounds have been discovered which are useful as core-forming monomers in ROMPISA. We developed a method to predict monomers for RAFT-mediated PISA that evaluates changes in polymer hydrophobicity with increasing chain length. We have since adapted this method to predict monomers for ROMPISA. This computational treatment also gives information about the dependence of nanoparticle morphology on polymer hydrophobicity, which has facilitated the discovery of relationships between monomer structure and the nature of the resulting nanostructures. Our approach has also been proven useful in the fusion-promoted development of anisotropic tubular polymersomes. This out-of-equilibrium morphology was found to arise spontaneously during ROMPISA, and the composition of each sample (purity and length distribution) could be manipulated simply by targeting different core-block degrees of polymerization. We term this unique phenomenon u201cpolymerization-induced polymersome fusionu201d, which operates via the build-up of membrane tension exerted by the growing polymer chains. Based on our findings, we envision that our methodology will be generally useful for a broad variety of biotechnological applications.

Download or read book Artificial Informational Polymers and Nanomaterials from Ring Opening Metathesis Polymerization written by Carrie Rae James and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inspired by naturally occurring polymers (DNA, polypeptides, polysaccharides, etc.) that can self-assemble on the nanoscale into complex, information-rich architectures, we have synthesized nucleic acid based polymers using ROMP. These polymers were synthesized using a graft-through strategy, whereby nucleic acids bearing a strained cyclic olefin were directly polymerized. This is the first example of the graft-through polymerization of nucleic acids. Our approach takes advantage of non-charged peptide nucleic acids (PNAs) as elements to incorporate into ROMP polymer backbones. PNA is a synthetic nucleic acid analogue known for its increased affinity and specificity for complementary DNA or RNA. To accomplish the graft-through polymerization of PNA, we conjugated PNA to strained cyclic olefins using solid phase peptide conjugation chemistry. These PNA monomers were then directly polymerized into homo and block copolymers forming brushes, or comb-like arrangements, of information. Block copolymer amphiphiles of these materials, where the PNA brush served as the hydrophilic portion, were capable of self-assembly into spherical nanoparticles (PNA NPs). These PNA NPs were then studied with respect to their ability to hybridize complementary DNA sequences, as well as their ability to undergo cellular internalization. PNA NPs consisting of densely packed brushes of nucleic acids possessed increased thermal stability when mixed with their complementary DNA sequence, indicating a greater DNA binding affinity over their unpolymerized PNA counterparts. In addition, by arranging the PNA into dense brushes at the surface of the nanoparticle, Cy5.5 labeled PNA NPs were able to undergo cellular internalization into HeLa cells without the need for an additional cellular delivery device. Importantly, cellular internalization of PNA has remained a significant challenge in the literature due to the neutrally charged amino-ethyl glycine backbone of PNA. Therefore, this represents a novel way of facilitating cellular uptake of PNA. This materials strategy represents the first direct polymerization of nucleic acids, and presents a novel method for arranging biological information on the nanoscale at high density in order to confer novel attributes.

Download or read book Hybrid Inorganic Core Conjugated Polymer Shell Nanoparticles Prepared by Surface initiated Polymerization written by Sourav Chatterjee and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Polymer inorganic Nanocomposite Materials microform written by Jiguang Zhang and published by Library and Archives Canada = Bibliothèque et Archives Canada. This book was released on 2004 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chapter 6 reports the formation of hybrid particles by electrostatic attraction between the preformed polymer particles and nanoparticles. CdTe nanoparticles were adsorbed onto the oppositely charged polymer spheres. In Chapter 5, we further extended this strategy to the synthesis of gold nanoparticles whose precursors generally exist as anions (AuCl4- ) in solution. The metal ions therefore can be adsorbed onto positively charged polymer particles. The thesis describes the efforts of development new approaches to polymer-inorganic nanocomposite materials. Our intention was to synthesize and fabricate materials that may combine the advantages of polymers and inorganic nanoparticles. The results of my work can be summarized as four different approaches to hybrid materials, according to their structures and synthetic methods used. Chapter 1 reviews recent developments in material chemistry, with emphasis on the synthesis of inorganic nanoparticles. In Chapter 7, we describe a method used for the transfer of water soluble inorganic nanoparticles into a non-polar polymer matrix. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)The experimental work is described in Chapter 3 and following chapters. In Chapter 3, I described the method for synthesis of nanoparticles on polymer spheres. Due to the presence of carboxyl group on the surface of latex particles, the metal ions were adsorbed to the polymer surface and converted into nanoparticles "in-situ". The hybrid particles can be self-assembled into colloidal crystals. Photo emission of the nanoparticles was suppressed by the band gap arising from the periodical dielectric structure of colloidal crystals. Chapter 4 describes the synthesis of inorganic nanoparticles in the interior of polymer microgels. Microgel particles have a network interior structure thus they are ideal templates for synthesis of inorganic nanoparticles. Chapter 2 describes the materials and methods involved in this work. In particular, the experimental setups and the principles of several experiments are given, e.g., measurements of nonlinear optical properties using Z-scan technique, measurements of magnetic properties using the SQUID technique, optical properties of colloidal crystals and an experiment setup for the study. This chapter also involves a brief introduction to light scattering techniques and X-ray diffraction techniques.

Download or read book Surface Activity of New Class of Ionic Nanoparticles and Polymer Composites written by Chiachen Fang and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The introduction of nanoparticles into a polymer to form organic-inorganic nanocomposites can greatly enhance the properties of the host polymer. Nanoscale ionic materials, NIMs are new hybrid particles comprised of an inorganic core functionalized with a soft organic shell. Because of the hybrid nature, their properties can be controlled by varying the chemical composition and structure of the core and the canopy. This thesis discusses the synthesis, characterization and bulk and surface properties of a series of new NIMs and NIMs based nanocomposite materials. A new series of NIMs and NIMs based nanocomposites was synthesized. The surface and bulk properties are characterized and discussed in terms of possible polymerparticle interactions by considering a variety of cores (silica and carbon) and a range of polymer matrices (polystyrene, polyethylene glycol, and PDMS-polyurea copolymers). By tailoring the polarity and surface energy between particle-particle and particle-polymer it is possible to control the geometry, size and dispersion of the nanoparticles in the nanocomposites. A simple yet general coating method to plasma treated polymeric substrates is also presented. The method is based on electrostatic interactions between the surface functionalized nanoparticles and the charged substrate and leads to stable and solvent resistant multilayer coatings. The coatings render PP hydrophilic and in the case of PP fabric superhydrophilic. The superhydrophilicity is attributed to the topography and increased roughness of the fabric compared to a planar, smooth substrate. Finally, a series of new PDMS-polyurea segmented copolymers and nanocomposites was synthesized and their settlement and fouling release behavior was evaluated. The extent of microphase separation and the ability of different domains to crystallize affect the surface and bulk properties of the copolymers. By varying the amount of the soft PDMS segment as well as using nanoparticles we were able to develop copolymers and nanocomposites with moduli spanning a range of more than four orders of magnitude. All copolymers and nanocomposites are stronger (in some cases by orders of magnitude) than PDMS. Surface studies using profilometry and AFM show surface nanostructuring due to phase separation with both nano and microscale features. The morphology can be further modified by the presence of fluorinated groups in the copolymer or the presence of nanoparticles in the nanocomposites. Preliminary studies on settlement and removal of sporelings of Ulva show that the critical pressure to remove 50% of the sporelings is at least comparable and in some cases lower compared to a PDMS elastomer. Additionally a series based on mono-, bifunctional PEG segments shows improved settlement behavior of barnacle larvae compared to standard PDMS. These findings are quite significant as the new coatings combine and at times exceed the fouling release performance of PDMS but are much stronger and tougher.

Download or read book Bio Nanoparticles written by Om V. Singh and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-06-22 with total page 395 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nanoparticles are the building blocks for nanotechnology; they are better built, long lasting, cleaner, safer, and smarter products for use across industries, including communications, medicine, transportation, agriculture and other industries. Controlled size, shape, composition, crystallinity, and structure-dependent properties govern the unique properties of nanotechnology. Bio-Nanoparticles: Biosynthesis and Sustainable Biotechnological Implications explores both the basics of and advancements in nanoparticle biosynthesis. The text introduces the reader to a variety of microorganisms able to synthesize nanoparticles, provides an overview of the methodologies applied to biosynthesize nanoparticles for medical and commercial use, and gives an overview of regulations governing their use. Authored by leaders in the field, Bio-Nanoparticles: Biosynthesis and Sustainable Biotechnological Implications bridges the gap between biology and technology, and is an invaluable resource for students and researchers alike.