Download or read book Neutrophil Communication written by Christian Jan Lood and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-06-29 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact.
Download or read book Neutrophil Swarming and Intercellular Signaling in Vitro and in Vivo written by Nicole Walters (Biochemist) and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inflammation is a complex process by which the immune system responds to infection or injury in the body. Ideally, infection or injury should trigger acute inflammation, which is subsequently resolved with a return to homeostasis. However, if the inflammation is not resolved, it can lead to a cytokine storm, tissue damage, and in extreme cases, even organ failure or death. Therefore, our work aims to investigate the molecular drivers and activation patterns at the first steps in the inflammation process to see how inflammation initiates and is controlled. We use neutrophil swarming to model the early stages of inflammation. Neutrophil swarming is a highly controlled process by which neutrophils are rapidly recruited to a site of infection or injury in the early stages of inflammation. As inflammation progresses, additional leukocytes are recruited to participate in debris clearance, tissue reconstruction, and inflammation resolution. Recently, there has been an increase in in vitro and in vivo studies regarding neutrophil behavior and the early stages of inflammation. However, much about the intercellular communication between different leukocytes during inflammation remains unknown. We developed a large-scale array of bioparticle clusters that triggers neutrophil swarming in vitro in a spatially and temporally controlled manner. This device models the early stages of inflammation and facilitates the analysis of cell migration and intercellular communication. When isolated human neutrophils were added to the device, neutrophil cell speed and directionality toward the bioparticle clusters increased. After neutrophils sealed off the bioparticle cluster from the surroundings, the recruitment of neutrophils halted, and the swarm reached a stable swarm size. When a mixture of peripheral blood leukocytes were added to our platform, myeloid cells exhibited swarming dynamics with a distinct growth phase marked by increased cell speed. Conversely, lymphoid cells did not show a clear growth phase, though some lymphoid cell recruitment was observed. We further investigated the myeloid cell compartment by analyzing neutrophil, monocyte, and macrophage interactions. Notably, macrophages could prevent neutrophil swarming by spreading over the surface of the bioparticles and sealing them off from the rest of the environment. Furthermore, we found that monocytes were only recruited to the bioparticles when neutrophils were present. Next, we investigated different mechanisms for intercellular communication. We isolated RNA from neutrophils and found that many genes associated with the inflammation, apoptosis, and cell cycle regulation pathways were upregulated during swarming. Additionally, many lncRNAs were upregulated during swarming. Finally, we isolated extracellular vesicles from swarming neutrophils (snEVs) and discovered that snEVs caused activation in both neutrophils and monocytes. Additionally, snEVs contain inflammatory mediators, such as the protein gal-3 and the lncRNA PTGS2 Antisense NFKB1 Complex-Mediated Expression Regulator RNA (PACERR). In conclusion, we have developed an in vitro device that allows for in depth study of neutrophil swarming and intercellular communication. Our data demonstrate that neutrophil swarming involves a myriad of signaling factors, including lipids, proteins, RNA, and EVs. Furthermore, our data suggest that neutrophils are essential for regulating the early stages of inflammation not only through neutrophil swarming and intercellular communication, but also through recruiting additional leukocytes to the inflammation site.
Download or read book The Neutrophil written by Marco A. Cassatella and published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers. This book was released on 2003-01-01 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the past, neutrophils were often reduced to their ability to release preformed mediators and kill pathogens. The present volume of Chemical Immunology and Allergy, however, offers a very broad and timely view by highlighting the versatile functions of neutrophils in inflammatory, immune and antitumoral responses. Leading investigators uncover novel aspects of neutrophils, such as their capacity to control gene expression at the transcriptional level, or respond to proinflammatory cytokines, cytokine receptor chains (gc) and endogenous anti-inflammatory lipid mediators. Further points under discussion are neutrophils presenting antigens, activating T cells, participating in chemokine networking, and producing IL-12 and other cytokines during infectious diseases. Among the most original findings presented in this publication figure the observations that neutrophils cause increased vascular permeability during acute inflammation, regulate directly the angiogenic process, and influence tumor development. A final article offers a detailed description of the molecular processes affecting neutrophil cell death and survival. Unique in its field, this valuable volume is recommended reading not only for immunologists and pathologists, but also for cell biologists, hematologists and immunobiologists.
Download or read book Neutrophil Functions in Host Immunity Inflammation and Tissue Repair written by Felix Ellett and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-01-19 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Neutrophil Cellular Biochemistry and Physiology written by Maurice B. Hallett and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-01-18 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A synthesis and collation of the recent material regarding the role of the neutrophil in basic pathological processes is presented in this volume. The mechanisms of chemotaxis, secretion, phagocytosis, intracellular killing, oxygen radical production and arachidonate production are comprehensively reviewed. Stimulus response coupling in the neutrophil, with chapters on intracellular Ca2+, C-Kinase, phospholipid metabolism, microfilaments and membrane electrophysiology are extensively discussed. Each chapter provides a critical review by experts with over 1,000 cited references. Invaluable to graduate students and medical and scientific researchers, this book provides a unique, up-to-date account of cellular biochemistry and physiology of the neutrophil.
Download or read book Neutrophil Methods and Protocols written by Mark T. Quinn and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-08-02 with total page 1099 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a concise set of protocols for assessing basic neutrophil functions, investigating specialized areas in neutrophil research, and completing step-by-step diagnostic assays of common neutrophil disorders. Each of the protocols is written by leading researchers in the field and includes hints for success, as well as guidance for troubleshooting. Scientists and clinicians will find this collection an invaluable aid.
Download or read book Neutrophil Extracellular Traps written by Hans-Joachim Anders and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-12-15 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neutrophils regulate immune responses during homeostasis as well as disease pathogenesis. Especially, the neutrophils extracellular traps largely contribute to necroinflammation. This book highlights the role of neutrophils and neutrophils extracellular traps in various sterile and non-sterile, acute and chronic inflammatory conditions affecting both human and animal health.
Download or read book The Neutrophil written by Jon S. Abramson and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1993 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The third book in the group devoted to the "natural" immune system, this volume provides the ideal detailed, up-to-date overview of neutrophil function. Distilling new information alongside observations of the past, the book focuses on some of the most critical developments in currentneutrophil research. Specific examples of diseases resulting from neutrophil dysfunction and deficiency are brought to life by clinical case studies. An essential source of current research into this exciting field, this volume will be invaluable for advanced students and researchers in immunology,cell biology, and medicine.
Download or read book The Neutrophil written by Maurice B. Hallett and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1989-01-31 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A synthesis and collation of the recent material regarding the role of the neutrophil in basic pathological processes is presented in this volume. The mechanisms of chemotaxis, secretion, phagocytosis, intracellular killing, oxygen radical production and arachidonate production are comprehensively reviewed. Stimulus response coupling in the neutrophil, with chapters on intracellular Ca2+, C-Kinase, phospholipid metabolism, microfilaments and membrane electrophysiology are extensively discussed. Each chapter provides a critical review by experts with over 1,000 cited references. Invaluable to graduate students and medical and scientific researchers, this book provides a unique, up-to-date account of cellular biochemistry and physiology of the neutrophil.
Download or read book Role of Neutrophils in Inflammatory Diseases written by Laurent Reber and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-01-20 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Neutrophil written by Pat Murphy and published by Springer. This book was released on 1976-11 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reflects the personal prejudices I have developed in twenty years of reading the scientific literature. I like monographs; good ones assemble a great deal of information in a logical sequence and in enough detail to enable one to see why current beliefs are held. For this purpose, it is entirely useless to write "as Smith has shown21 ,81,117 •••• " That only means that one must go to the library and turn up Smith's original papers, and one's object in reading a monograph is precisely to avoid that neces sity. One needs to know what Smith did and why he thought his observa tions proved whatever he claimed. Because life is short, it is impossible to deal with several thousand papers in this way, and the author must there fore select a relatively few papers that he regards as crucial. Often, several papers of equal merit might be quoted, and the selection is then arbitrary. I therefore apologize to authorities who do not find their work discussed. Omission does not mean that I thought their work was not valuable; it means only that I preferred to quote twenty references that people might read rather than two thousand that assuredly no one would read. Another strong prejUdice is that the full understanding of present knowledge requires one to know how present views have developed.
Download or read book Insights Into the Reciprocal Communication Between Neutrophils and Staphylococcus Aureus written by Oliwia Wiktoria Zurek and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a highly adaptable pathogen that can cause endocarditis, skin abscesses, tissue necrosis, and sepsis. S. aureus success can be partially attributed to its ability to colonize and subsequently infect a wide variety of host tissues. This capacity is dependent on elaborate two-component gene-regulatory systems that control expression of virulence and immunomodulatory factors. The S. aureus exoprotein expression (SaeR/S) system is recognized as a major regulator of virulence that significantly contributes to the pathogen’s ability to evade killing by the human neutrophil. However, it is unclear how this system becomes activated and how the SaeR/S system modulates neutrophil function. In this study, we elucidated how S. aureus evades neutrophil killing by studying the reciprocal communication between the host and pathogen. We demonstrated that only select SaeR/S-regulated genes (as opposed to all targets) were transcriptionally up-regulated in response to stimulation by neutrophils as well as alpha-defensin and show that the mouse skin environment (that lacks alpha-defensin) promoted transcription of specific saeR/S-targets, different from the expression profile elicited following neutrophil interaction or alpha-defensin. These results were unexpected and demonstrated differential activation of saeR/S targets was dependent on specific stimuli. Furthermore, we studied the influence of SaeR/S on neutrophil function and showed that this system promoted accelerated cell death by decreasing NF-kB activity, and in-turn IL- 8 production, to promote neutrophil lysis. These findings underscored the importance of neutrophil signaling demonstrating that neutrophil-derived production of IL-8 was necessary for this cell to kill S. aureus effectively. It follows that treatment of human neutrophils with recombinant IL-8 significantly increased neutrophil staphylocidal activity. Finally, we propose that both timing and magnitude of inflammation in neutrophils play major roles in dictating the outcome of staphylococcal disease and that alteration in the innate ability of neutrophils to produce IL-8 may increase susceptibility to S. aureus infections. Taken together, the findings define novel pathogen- and host-derived factors that play pivotal roles in the course of S. aureus infection.
Download or read book New Roles of Neutrophils and Granulocytic MDSC in Autoimmune Diseases Inflammation and Anti microbial Immunity written by Dragana Odobasic and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-09-05 with total page 129 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Single Cell OMICs Analyses in Cardiovascular Diseases written by and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2024-05-14 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Single-cell OMICs analyses have recently become one of the most promising tools to probe biology at the cellular level, in large part due to its ability to address issues beyond the bulk analysis – a window into cellular heterogeneity. The ability to profile transcriptomic, epigenomic, proteomics, and metabolomics at the single cell level including more recently the spatial information has enhanced our ability to understand interactions between biomolecules in different contexts leading to the discovery of specific cellular subpopulations as well as biological mechanisms underlying pathologies which may be amenable to therapeutic interventions. The scale and availability of a variety of technologies to measure intricate molecular details have provided an impetus to research in many disease areas, including cardiovascular medicine.
Download or read book The Neutrophils written by Dmitry I. Gabrilovich and published by World Scientific Publishing Company. This book was released on 1999 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This invaluable volume, written by group of internationally established scientists, present an overview of the most recent findings on the biology of neutrophils. These cells have become a focus of attention in recent years because of their fascinating biochemistry and molecular biology and their ability to affect the function of other cells. The book describes, in detail, the molecular events leading to neutrophil activation, migration, microbial killing, production of oxidative radicals and cytokines, and eventually to the death of these cells. It presents new information that has never been discussed in monographs before. It also gives a unique overview of the neutrophil's role in vital diseases, including Aids. Finally, the book describes how to improve the function of neutrophils and use these cells in the treatment of diseases.
Download or read book Neutrophils The New Outlook For Old Cells 2nd Edition written by Dmitry I Gabrilovich and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2005-01-24 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a second edition of the book, which presents an overview of the most recent findings in the biology of neutrophils. These cells are critically important for protection against bacterial and viral infections and have been implicated in anti-tumor response. In addition, neutrophils represent a unique model for studying fundamental questions of cellular biochemistry and molecular biology. This book provides a detailed description of signal transduction, generation of reactive oxygen, and mechanisms of migration of these cells. It contains unique information on the neutrophil's role in viral infectious diseases and cancer. It also presents the recent advances in attempts to improve neutrophil function and use these cells in the treatment of diseases.
Download or read book Immunometabolism Bridging the Gap Between Immunology and Nutrition written by Paulo José Basso and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2024-06-21 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is common ground that all cells require nutrients to develop, differentiate, and maintain their inherent activities. However, the idea that cells can rapidly alter their metabolism to perform specific functions under the pressure of different microenvironments was just brought to the light. These changes are particularly important for immune cells, as they need to respond quickly to opportunistic pathogens or tissue damage and prevent their spread. The field that investigates the interplay between immunology and metabolism is so-called immunometabolism and has supported the hypothesis that all diseases have a metabolic aspect.
