Download or read book Neuropeptides in Stress Reactivity written by Irene Melo de Carvalho and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Neuropeptides and Stress written by Yvette Tache and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neuropeptides and Stress presents a comprehensive survey by leading pioneers in the field of the knowledge and concepts implicating neuropeptides in the regulations of responses to stress. Topics covered include: recent advances on the regulation and modulation of the behavioral, endocrine, autonomic, gastrointestinal, immune and analgesic responses to stress by neuropeptides. Neuroanatomical and biological data are considered. Special emphasis is given to corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) and opioid peptides.
Download or read book Magnesium in the Central Nervous System written by Robert Vink and published by University of Adelaide Press. This book was released on 2011 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The brain is the most complex organ in our body. Indeed, it is perhaps the most complex structure we have ever encountered in nature. Both structurally and functionally, there are many peculiarities that differentiate the brain from all other organs. The brain is our connection to the world around us and by governing nervous system and higher function, any disturbance induces severe neurological and psychiatric disorders that can have a devastating effect on quality of life. Our understanding of the physiology and biochemistry of the brain has improved dramatically in the last two decades. In particular, the critical role of cations, including magnesium, has become evident, even if incompletely understood at a mechanistic level. The exact role and regulation of magnesium, in particular, remains elusive, largely because intracellular levels are so difficult to routinely quantify. Nonetheless, the importance of magnesium to normal central nervous system activity is self-evident given the complicated homeostatic mechanisms that maintain the concentration of this cation within strict limits essential for normal physiology and metabolism. There is also considerable accumulating evidence to suggest alterations to some brain functions in both normal and pathological conditions may be linked to alterations in local magnesium concentration. This book, containing chapters written by some of the foremost experts in the field of magnesium research, brings together the latest in experimental and clinical magnesium research as it relates to the central nervous system. It offers a complete and updated view of magnesiums involvement in central nervous system function and in so doing, brings together two main pillars of contemporary neuroscience research, namely providing an explanation for the molecular mechanisms involved in brain function, and emphasizing the connections between the molecular changes and behavior. It is the untiring efforts of those magnesium researchers who have dedicated their lives to unraveling the mysteries of magnesiums role in biological systems that has inspired the collation of this volume of work.
Download or read book Stress written by S. Clare Stanford and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stress: From Synapse to Syndrome attempts to break down the barriers which researchers and students encounter when trying to consolidate the findings from the areas of psychology, physiology, and clinical science. It fills a gap in the literature by presenting basic physiological and psychological research on stress in a manner comprehensible to all research disciplines. It also covers the clinical material about the effects of stress in a coherent manner. The scope of the book ranges from discussions of common experimental procedures, and the rationale behind them, to up-to-date information by those already familiar with the field. In this way it links clinical work with that done on animals, on the one hand, and on the other, neurochemical changes with physiological findings. The focus of each section is to explain the variation between individuals in the impact of stress, through an understanding of mechanisms which affect resistance to it. The book makes significant progress in defining barriers and will ultimately inspire further research, particularly in the relatively new area of post-traumatic stress disorder. Key Features * Integrates research on stress from several disciplines, including pharmacology, physiology, and psychology * Covers physiological basis of stress-linked clinical disorders, use of animal models, role of major neurotransmitters, and future prospects for stress research
Download or read book Catecholamines and Strees written by International Symposium on Catecholamines and Stress$ (1er : 1975 : Braatislava, Tchécoslovaquie) and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Galanin written by Tomas Hökfelt and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-08-18 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Galanin is a neuropeptide found both in the central and peripheral nervous system. The 29-amino acid peptide (named after its N-terminal glycine and C-terminal alanine) was identified in 1983 by its C-terminal amidation. This 'reverse' approach, that is to discover a substance through a distinct chemical feature, and only subsequently to characterize its biological activity, was novel and has been successful in the identification of several other peptides. After the structure of galanin was determined in 1983, functional studies were performed with material purified from natural sources until the synthetic form of the peptide became available. Galanin can act as transmitter, modulator and trophic factor, and is involved in a number of physiological processes such as hormone secretion, cardiovascular mechanisms, feeding and cognition. This peptide may also be of significance for a number of pathological processes/disorders including pain, depression, Alzheimer's disease, epilepsy, addiction and cancer. This wide diversity of actions is mediated by three galanin receptor subtypes. The studies reviewed in this volume give a fairly complete overview of the spectrum of the biological actions and functions of galanin and its receptors and on possible therapeutic applications in a number of pathological conditions.
Download or read book Stress and Mental Disorders written by Richard McCarty and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2020 with total page 673 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stress has been recognized as an important factor in the development or recurrence of various mental disorders, from major depressive disorder to bipolar disorder to anxiety disorders. Stressful stimuli also appear to exert their effects by acting upon individuals with susceptible genotypes. Over the past 50 years, animal models have been developed to study these dynamic interactions between stressful stimuli and genetically susceptible individuals during prenatal and postnatal development and into adulthood. Stress and Mental Disorders: Insights from Animal Models begins with a discussion of the history of psychiatric diagnosis and the recent goal of moving toward precision psychiatry, followed by a review of clinical research on connections between stressful stimuli and the development of psychiatric disorders. Chapters are also included on neuroendocrine, immune, and brain systems involved in responses to stress. Additional chapters focus on the development of animal models in psychiatry and the susceptibility of the developing organism to stressful stimuli. Subsequent chapters are devoted to animal models of specific stress-sensitive psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia, autism spectrum disorders, bipolar disorder, anxiety disorders, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder. These chapters also focus on identification of promising molecular targets for development of new drug therapies. The section concludes with a chapter on animal models of resilience to stress-induced behavioral alterations as a newer approach to understanding why some animals are susceptible to stress and others are resilient, even though they are essentially genetically identical. The final chapter discusses how these basic laboratory studies are providing promising leads for future breakthroughs in the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of mental disorders.
Download or read book The Amygdala written by Barbara Ferry and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2017-07-05 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The amygdala is a central component of the limbic system, which is known to play a critical role in emotional processing of learning and memory. Over these last 20 years, major advances in techniques for examining brain activity greatly helped the scientific community to determine the nature of the contribution of the amygdala to these fundamental aspects of cognition. Combined with new conceptual breakthroughs, research data obtained in animals and humans have also provided major insights into our understanding of the processes by which amygdala dysfunction contributes to various brain disorders, such as autism or Alzheimer's disease. Although the primary goal of this book is to inform experts and newcomers of some of the latest data in the field of brain structures involved in the mechanisms underlying emotional learning and memory, we hope it will also help stimulate discussion on the functional role of the amygdala and connected brain structures in these mechanisms.
Download or read book The Hypothalamus Pituitary Adrenal Axis written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2008-09-12 with total page 413 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis controls reactions to stress and regulates various body processes such as digestion, the immune system, mood and sexuality, and energy usage. This volume focuses on the role it plays in the immune system and provides substantive experimental and clinical data to support current understanding in the field, and potential applications of this knowledge in the treatment of disease. Evidence presented in this book suggests that the nervous, endocrine, and immune systems form the Neuroendoimmune Supersystem, which integrates all the biological functions of higher organisms both in health and disease for their entire life cycle Contributors include both the scientists who initiated the work on the HPA axis and on the autonomic nervous system, and those who joined the field later
Download or read book Recognition and Alleviation of Distress in Laboratory Animals written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2008-04-10 with total page 137 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scientific advances in our understanding of animal physiology and behavior often require theories to be revised and standards of practice to be updated to improve laboratory animal welfare. This new book from the Institute for Laboratory Animal Research (ILAR) at the National Research Council, Recognition and Alleviation of Distress in Laboratory Animals, focuses on the stress and distress which is experienced by animals when used in laboratory research. This book aims to educate laboratory animal veterinarians; students, researchers, and investigators; animal care staff, as well as animal welfare officers on the current scientific and ethical issues associated with stress and distress in laboratory animals. It evaluates pertinent scientific literature to generate practical and pragmatic guidelines. Recognition and Alleviation of Distress in Laboratory Animals focuses specifically on the scientific understanding of the causes and the functions of stress and distress, the transformation of stress to distress, and the identification of principles for the recognition and alleviation of distress. This book discusses the role of humane endpoints in situations of distress and principles for the minimization of distress in laboratory animals. It also identifies areas in which further scientific investigation is needed to improve laboratory animal welfare in order to adhere to scientific and ethical principles that promote humane care and practice.
Download or read book Neuropeptide Y and Related Peptides written by Martin C. Michel and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 556 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After a little more than 20 years since the original discovery of neuropeptide Y (NPY) by Tatemoto and colleagues, the field of NPY research has made remarkable progress and is coming of age.The present volume addresses all major topics in connection with NPY and related peptides by established leaders in their respective areas. Experienced NPY-aficionados will certainly find new and useful additional information in this volume and newcomers to the field will hopefully discover how much exciting research this still has to offer.
Download or read book Schizophrenia and Psychotic Spectrum Disorders written by S. Charles Schulz and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016-04-01 with total page 401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Schizophrenia and Psychotic Spectrum Disorders aims to engage young caregivers in psychiatry, psychology, nursing and social work so that they will be able to become well informed about this significant--and at times confusing--illness. Because schizophrenia is considered to be one of the most complicated and severe psychiatric disorders, this book has the goal of summarizing key issues of the illness, such as its presentation, frequency and age of onset, and diagnostic characteristics. It also contains informative chapters about the pathophysiology of schizophrenia, ranging from brain development issues, genetics, and likely abnormalities in neurotransmitters. This book will give young professionals and those joining the field an excellent and accessible background to treatment. In this area, Schizophrenia and Psychotic Spectrum Disorders provides a comprehensive approach to diagnosis, treatment initiation, strategies for non-response, approaches of therapy, and importantly, ways to provide family therapy and support.
Download or read book Enkephalins and Endorphins written by R.E. Faith and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Is this a time for a sleeping giant to rise? We have known since study of the lymphocyte and plasma cells really began in earnest in the early 1940's that the pituitary adrenal axis under intimate control of the hypothalamus could influence immunological functions profoundly. We have also known for at least 20 years in my recollection that female sex hor mones can maximize certain immunity functions while male sex hormones tend to suppress many immunological reactions. The thyroid hormones accelerate antibody production while at the same time sp~eding up de gradation of antibodies and immunoglobulins and thyroidectomy decreases the rate of antibody production. Further, much evidence has accumulated indicating that the brain, yes even the mind, can influence in significant ways susceptibility to infections, cancers and to development of a variety of autoimmune diseases. More than 20 years ago, my colleagues and I convinced ourselves, if no one else, that hypnosis can exert major in fluences on the effector limb of the classical atopic allergic reactions. We showed with Aaron Papermaster that the Prausnitz-Kustner reaction may be greatly inhibited, indeed largely controlled, by post-hypnotic suggestion. And it was not even necessary for us to publish our discovery because scientists in John Humphrey's laboratory at Mill Hill Research Center in London had beaten us to the punch. They described hypnotic control of both the PK reaction and delayed allergic reactions to tuberculin by hypnosis.
Download or read book The Effects of Early Adversity on Neurobehavioral Development written by Charles A. Nelson and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2000-09 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book brings together experts in developmental and clinical psychology and behavorial neuroscientists concerned with the course of developmental in the face of pre and perinatal adversity. For graduate-level researchers and academics
Download or read book Hypocretins written by Luis De Lecea and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-04-25 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first report that rapid eye movements occur in sleep in humans was published in 1953. The research journey from this point to the realization that sleep consists of two entirely independent states of being (eventually labeled REM sleep and non-REM sleep) was convoluted, but by 1960 the fundamental duality of sleep was well established including the description of REM sleep in cats associated with “wide awake” EEG patterns and EMG suppression. The first report linking REM sleep to a pathology occurred in 1961 and a clear association of sleep onset REM periods, cataplexy, hypnagogic hallucinations and sleep paralysis was fully established by 1966. When a naïve individual happens to observe a full-blown cataplexy attack, it is both dramatic and unnerving. Usually the observer assumes that the loss of muscle tone represents syncope or seizure. In order to educate health professionals and the general public, Christian Guilleminault and I made movies of full-blown cataplectic episodes (not an easy task). We showed these movies of cataplexy attacks to a number of professional audiences, and were eventually rewarded with the report of a similar abrupt loss of muscle tone in a dog. We were able to bring the dog to Stanford University and with this as the trigger, we were able to develop the Stanford Canine Narcolepsy Colony. Breeding studies revealed the genetic determinants of canine narcolepsy, an autosomal recessive gene we termed canarc1. Emmanuel Mignot took over the colony in 1986 and began sequencing DNA, finally isolating canarc1 in 1999.
Download or read book Charney Nestler s Neurobiology of Mental Illness written by Dennis S. Charney and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018 with total page 1025 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Preceded by Neurobiology of mental illness / edited by Dennis S. Charney ... [et al.]. 4th ed. 2013.
Download or read book Principles of Bone Biology written by John P. Bilezikian and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2008-09-29 with total page 2074 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Principles of Bone Biology provides the most comprehensive, authoritative reference on the study of bone biology and related diseases. It is the essential resource for anyone involved in the study of bone biology. Bone research in recent years has generated enormous attention, mainly because of the broad public health implications of osteoporosis and related bone disorders. Provides a "one-stop" shop. There is no need to search through many research journals or books to glean the information one wants...it is all in one source written by the experts in the field The essential resource for anyone involved in the study of bones and bone diseases Takes the reader from the basic elements of fundamental research to the most sophisticated concepts in therapeutics Readers can easily search and locate information quickly as it will be online with this new edition
